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Fathers and Sons
Fathers and Sons

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Fathers and Sons is here in full — 424 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
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"Concerning a peasant who is suffering from jaundice."
"Jaundice?"
"Yes, of a very chronic and stubborn kind.
I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.
That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Fathers and Sons

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Fathers and Sons is here in full — 424 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"Concerning a peasant who is suffering from jaundice."
/kənˈsɜːrnɪŋ ə ˈpezənt huː ɪz ˈsʌfərɪŋ frʌm ˈdʒɔːndəs/
Line 2
"Jaundice?"
/ˈdʒɔːndəs/
Line 3
"Yes, of a very chronic and stubborn kind.
/jes ʌv ə ˈveri ˈkrɑːnɪk ənd ˈstʌbərn kaɪnd/
Line 4
I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.
Line 5
That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.
/ðæt juː læf æt ˈmedəsən aɪ æm ʌv kɔːrs əˈwer bʌt nʌn ðə les aɪ fiːl ˈsɜːrtən ðæt juː kʊd ɡɪv miː sʌm ɡʊd ˈpræktəkəl ædˈvaɪs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

carrots noun US /ˈkærəts/

plural of “carrot” — deep orange edible root of the cultivated carrot plant

From this reading “I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.”

chronic adjective US /ˈkrɑːnɪk/

being long-lasting and recurrent or characterized by long suffering

From this reading “"Yes, of a very chronic and stubborn kind.”

dose noun US /doʊs/

a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time

From this reading “I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.”

drastic adjective US /ˈdræstɪk/

forceful and extreme and rigorous

From this reading “I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.”

jaundice noun US /ˈdʒɔːndəs/

yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes caused by an accumulation of bile pigment (bilirubin) in the blood; can be a symptom of gallstones or liver infection or anemia

From this reading “"Concerning a peasant who is suffering from jaundice."”

palliatives noun US /ˈpæliətɪvz/

plural of “palliative” — remedy that alleviates pain without curing

From this reading “I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.”

prescribed adjective US /priˈskraɪbd/

set down as a rule or guide

From this reading “I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.”

soda noun US /ˈsoʊdə/

a sodium salt of carbonic acid; used in making soap powders and glass and paper

From this reading “I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

of course preposition + noun

as might be expected

In this reading “That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "Concerning a peasant who is suffering from jaundice."

advicenounUS /ædˈvaɪs/

a proposal for an appropriate course of action

From this reading That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "Yes, of a very chronic and stubborn kind.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.

awareadjectiveUS /əˈwer/

(sometimes followed by “of”) having or showing knowledge or understanding or realization or perception

From this reading That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

carrotsnounUS /ˈkærəts/

plural of “carrot” — deep orange edible root of the cultivated carrot plant

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.

chronicadjectiveUS /ˈkrɑːnɪk/

being long-lasting and recurrent or characterized by long suffering

From this reading "Yes, of a very chronic and stubborn kind.

ConcerningverbUS /kənˈsɜːrnɪŋ/

-ing form of “concern” — be relevant to

From this reading "Concerning a peasant who is suffering from jaundice."

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.

dosenounUS /doʊs/

a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

drasticadjectiveUS /ˈdræstɪk/

forceful and extreme and rigorous

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

eatverbUS /iːt/

take in solid food

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

feelverbUS /fiːl/

undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind

From this reading That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "Concerning a peasant who is suffering from jaundice."

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.

grassverbUS /ɡræs/

shoot down, of birds

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Concerning a peasant who is suffering from jaundice."

jaundicenounUS /ˈdʒɔːndəs/

yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes caused by an accumulation of bile pigment (bilirubin) in the blood; can be a symptom of gallstones or liver infection or anemia

From this reading "Concerning a peasant who is suffering from jaundice."

John'snounUS /dʒɑːnz/

possessive form of “john” — a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading "Yes, of a very chronic and stubborn kind.

laughnounUS /læf/

the sound of laughing

From this reading That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.

medicinenounUS /ˈmedəsən/

the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques

From this reading That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.

mereadjectiveUS /mɪr/

being nothing more than specified

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "Yes, of a very chronic and stubborn kind.

orderedadjectiveUS /ˈɔːrdərd/

having a systematic arrangement; especially having elements succeeding in order according to rule

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

palliativesnounUS /ˈpæliətɪvz/

plural of “palliative” — remedy that alleviates pain without curing

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

peasantnounUS /ˈpezənt/

a country person

From this reading "Concerning a peasant who is suffering from jaundice."

practicaladjectiveUS /ˈpræktəkəl/

concerned with actual use or practice

From this reading That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.

prescribedadjectiveUS /priˈskraɪbd/

set down as a rule or guide

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

scurvynoun

a condition caused by deficiency of ascorbic acid (vitamin C)

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

sodanounUS /ˈsoʊdə/

a sodium salt of carbonic acid; used in making soap powders and glass and paper

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

stubbornadjectiveUS /ˈstʌbərn/

tenaciously unwilling or marked by tenacious unwillingness to yield

From this reading "Yes, of a very chronic and stubborn kind.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

sufferingnounUS /ˈsʌfərɪŋ/

a state of acute pain

From this reading "Concerning a peasant who is suffering from jaundice."

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading "Yes, of a very chronic and stubborn kind.

wantverbUS /wɑːnt/

feel or have a desire for; want strongly

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading "Concerning a peasant who is suffering from jaundice."

wortnoun

usually used in combination: “liverwort”; “milkwort”; “whorlywort”

From this reading I have prescribed scurvy grass and St. John's wort, and ordered the man to eat carrots, and given him a dose of soda; but such things are mere palliatives--I want something of a more drastic nature.

YesnounUS /jes/

an affirmative

From this reading "Yes, of a very chronic and stubborn kind.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading That you laugh at medicine I am, of course, aware; but none the less I feel certain that you could give me some good, practical advice.

Chapter 8 of Fathers and Sons by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev holds 424 sentences, grouped into 85 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Fathers and Sons contain?

Chapter 8 holds 424 sentences of Fathers and Sons, unabridged, divided into 85 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Fathers and Sons by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 424 sentences, grouped into 85 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Fathers and Sons?

Work through the 85 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 85 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Fathers and Sons

Common questions about reading Fathers and Sons by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Fathers and Sons?

Yes. All 4982 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47935 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Fathers and Sons is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47935, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Fathers and Sons take to read?

About 415 minutes of reading across 997 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Fathers and Sons

Words and structures a reader meets early in Fathers and Sons, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Translated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fathers and Sons; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Russian
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fathers and Sons; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hogarth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fathers and Sons; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Masterly
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fathers and Sons; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.