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Fathers and Sons
Fathers and Sons

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of Fathers and Sons is here in full — 422 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
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But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.
In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.
Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.
As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.
"Above all things," he kept reflecting, "I must not think too much of myself."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Fathers and Sons

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of Fathers and Sons is here in full — 422 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.
/bʌt nekst ðer wʊd rɪˈkɜːr tuː hɪz ˈmem.ər.i ðə ˈriːsənt ˈvɪzɪt ənd ɪts koʊld rɪˈsepʃən ənˈtɪl wʌns mɔːr hiː wʊd biː siːzd wɪð hɪz oʊld təˈmɪdəti ənd ˈɔːkwərdnəs/
Line 2
In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.
/ɪn ðə end ˌhaʊˈevər ðə ˈspɪrət ʌv ædˈventʃərəs juːθ ˈeɪdəd baɪ ə ˈsiː.krət dɪˈzaɪər tuː traɪ hɪz lʌk tuː test hɪz streŋkθ əˈneɪdɪd ənd wɪˈθaʊt ə prəˈtektər kənˈtraɪvd tuː wɪn ðə deɪ/
Line 3
Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.
Line 4
As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.
Line 5
"Above all things," he kept reflecting, "I must not think too much of myself."
/əˈbʌv ɔːl θɪŋz hiː kept rɪˈflektɪŋ aɪ mʌst nɑːt θɪŋk tuː mʌtʃ ʌv ˌmaɪˈself/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adventurous adjective US /ædˈventʃərəs/

willing to undertake or seeking out new and daring enterprises

From this reading “In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.”

awkwardness noun US /ˈɔːkwərdnəs/

unskillfulness resulting from a lack of training

From this reading “But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.”

officer's noun US /ˈɔːfɪsərz/

possessive form of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading “As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.”

pretext noun US /ˈpriːtekst/

something serving to conceal plans; a fictitious reason that is concocted in order to conceal the real reason

From this reading “Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.”

protector noun US /prəˈtektər/

a person who cares for persons or property

From this reading “In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.”

recur verb US /rɪˈkɜːr/

happen or occur again

From this reading “But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.”

timidity noun US /təˈmɪdəti/

fear of the unknown or unfamiliar or fear of making decisions

From this reading “But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.”

unaided adjective US /əˈneɪdɪd/

carried out without aid or assistance

From this reading “In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Ten days noun + noun

In this reading “Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.”

once more adverb + adjective

anew

In this reading “But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.”

young officer's adjective + noun counted as “young officer”

In this reading “As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.”

all things adjective + noun

In this reading “"Above all things," he kept reflecting, "I must not think too much of myself."”

seized with verb + particle counted as “seize with”

In this reading “But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.”

in the shape preposition + article + noun counted as “in … shape”

In this reading “Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.”

All words in this reading · 98

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

AboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading "Above all things," he kept reflecting, "I must not think too much of myself."

adventurousadjectiveUS /ædˈventʃərəs/

willing to undertake or seeking out new and daring enterprises

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

aidedadjectiveUS /ˈeɪdəd/

having help; often used as a combining form

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading "Above all things," he kept reflecting, "I must not think too much of myself."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

awkwardnessnounUS /ˈɔːkwərdnəs/

unskillfulness resulting from a lack of training

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

chokingadjectiveUS /ˈtʃoʊ.kɪŋ/

Causing difficulty in breathing.

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

communicatedverbUS /kəˈmjuːnəkeɪtɪd/

past form of “communicate” — transmit information

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

contrivedadjectiveUS /kənˈtraɪvd/

showing effects of planning or manipulation

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.

delightverbUS /dɪˈlaɪt/

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

desirenounUS /dɪˈzaɪər/

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

diffidencenoun

lack of self-confidence

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

driveverbUS /draɪv/

operate or control a vehicle

From this reading Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.

drovenounUS /droʊv/

a group of animals (a herd or flock) moving together

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

duelnounUS /ˈduːəl/

a prearranged fight with deadly weapons by two people (accompanied by seconds) in order to settle a quarrel over a point of honor

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

encouragedadjectiveUS /enˈkɜːrɪdʒd/

inspired with confidence

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "Above all things," he kept reflecting, "I must not think too much of myself."

impatiencenounUS /ˌɪmˈpeɪʃəns/

a lack of patience; irritation with anything that causes delay

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

inventedverbUS /ˌɪnˈventəd/

past form of “invent” — come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort

From this reading Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading "Above all things," he kept reflecting, "I must not think too much of myself."

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.

lucknounUS /lʌk/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

memorynounUS /ˈmem.ər.i/

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading "Above all things," he kept reflecting, "I must not think too much of myself."

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading "Above all things," he kept reflecting, "I must not think too much of myself."

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading "Above all things," he kept reflecting, "I must not think too much of myself."

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

Nikolsköe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading "Above all things," he kept reflecting, "I must not think too much of myself."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

officer'snounUS /ˈɔːfɪsərz/

possessive form of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

postilionnoun

someone who rides the near horse of a pair in order to guide the horses pulling a carriage (especially a carriage without a coachman)

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

pretextnounUS /ˈpriːtekst/

something serving to conceal plans; a fictitious reason that is concocted in order to conceal the real reason

From this reading Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.

progressnounUS /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

protectornounUS /prəˈtektər/

a person who cares for persons or property

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

recentadjectiveUS /ˈriːsənt/

new

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

receptionnounUS /rɪˈsepʃən/

the manner in which something is greeted

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

recurverbUS /rɪˈkɜːr/

happen or occur again

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

reflectingadjectiveUS /rɪˈflektɪŋ/

causing reflection or having a device that reflects

From this reading "Above all things," he kept reflecting, "I must not think too much of myself."

schoolsnounUS /skuːlz/

plural of “school” — an educational institution

From this reading Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

seizedverbUS /siːzd/

past form of “seize” — take hold of; grab

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

shapenounUS /ʃeɪp/

any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline)

From this reading Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

studynounUS /ˈstʌdi/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.

SundaynounUS /ˈsʌndeɪ/

first day of the week; observed as a day of rest and worship by most Christians

From this reading Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.

TennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.

testnounUS /test/

trying something to find out about it

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

thenceadverbUS /ðens/

from that place or that time

From this reading Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading "Above all things," he kept reflecting, "I must not think too much of myself."

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading "Above all things," he kept reflecting, "I must not think too much of myself."

timiditynounUS /təˈmɪdəti/

fear of the unknown or unfamiliar or fear of making decisions

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading "Above all things," he kept reflecting, "I must not think too much of myself."

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.

tripnounUS /trɪp/

a journey for some purpose (usually including the return)

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

tryverbUS /traɪ/

make an effort or attempt

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

unaidedadjectiveUS /əˈneɪdɪd/

carried out without aid or assistance

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

visitverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

well-nighadverb

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

winverbUS /wɪn/

be the winner in a contest or competition; be victorious

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

workingadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːrkɪŋ/

actively engaged in paid work

From this reading Ten days later, therefore, he invented a pretext, in the shape of a desire to study the working of Sunday schools, to drive to the town, and thence to Nikolsköe.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading But next there would recur to his memory the recent visit and its cold reception; until once more he would be seized with his old timidity and awkwardness.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading As he drove, the manner in which he encouraged his postilion communicated to his progress the character, rather, of a young officer's trip to fight his first duel, for diffidence, impatience, and delight were well-nigh choking him.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading In the end, however, the spirit of adventurous youth, aided by a secret desire to try his luck, to test his strength unaided, and without a protector, contrived to win the day.

Chapter 9 of Fathers and Sons by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev holds 422 sentences, grouped into 85 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of Fathers and Sons contain?

Chapter 9 holds 422 sentences of Fathers and Sons, unabridged, divided into 85 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of Fathers and Sons by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 422 sentences, grouped into 85 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of Fathers and Sons?

Work through the 85 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 85 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Fathers and Sons

Common questions about reading Fathers and Sons by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Fathers and Sons?

Yes. All 4982 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47935 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Fathers and Sons is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47935, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Fathers and Sons take to read?

About 415 minutes of reading across 997 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Fathers and Sons section by section

How to work through Fathers and Sons section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of Fathers and Sons to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Fathers and Sons

Words and structures a reader meets early in Fathers and Sons, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Translated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fathers and Sons; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Russian
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fathers and Sons; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hogarth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fathers and Sons; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Masterly
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fathers and Sons; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.