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Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants
Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants is here in full — 307 sentences across 62 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants
Context Illustration Reading 1/61 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.
In short, the streets of Paris have every human quality, and impress us, by what we must call their physiognomy, with certain ideas against which we are defenceless.
There are, for instance, streets of a bad neighborhood in which you could not be induced to live, and streets where you would willingly take up your abode.
Some streets, like the rue Montmartre, have a charming head, and end in a fish’s tail.
The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants is here in full — 307 sentences across 62 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/61 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.
Line 2
In short, the streets of Paris have every human quality, and impress us, by what we must call their physiognomy, with certain ideas against which we are defenceless.
Line 3
There are, for instance, streets of a bad neighborhood in which you could not be induced to live, and streets where you would willingly take up your abode.
/ðer ɑːr fɔːr ˈɪnstəns striːts ʌv ə bæd ˈneɪbərhʊd ɪn wɪtʃ juː kʊd nɑːt biː ˌɪnˈduːst tuː laɪv ənd striːts wer juː wʊd ˈwɪlɪŋli teɪk ʌp jɔːr əˈboʊd/
Line 4
Some streets, like the rue Montmartre, have a charming head, and end in a fish’s tail.
/sʌm striːts laɪk ðə ruː ˌmɑːnˈmærtrə hæv ə ˈtʃɑːrmɪŋ hed ənd end ɪn ə ˈfɪʃɪz teɪl/
Line 5
The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

estimable adjective US /ˈestəməbəl/

deserving of respect or high regard

From this reading “Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.”

fish's noun US /ˈfɪʃɪz/

possessive form of “fish” — any of various mostly cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates usually having scales and breathing through gills

infamy noun US /ˈɪnfəmi/

a state of extreme dishonor

From this reading “Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.”

laboring adjective US /ˈleɪbərɪŋ/

doing arduous or unpleasant work

From this reading “Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.”

lacks noun US /læks/

plural of “lack” — the state of needing something that is absent or unavailable

From this reading “The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.”

mercantile adjective US /ˈmɜːrkəntaɪl/

of or relating to the economic system of mercantilism

From this reading “Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.”

Montmartre noun US /ˌmɑːnˈmærtrə/

the highest point in Paris; famous for its associations with many artists

From this reading “Some streets, like the rue Montmartre, have a charming head, and end in a fish’s tail.”

reigns noun US /reɪnz/

plural of “reign” — a period during which something or somebody is dominant or powerful

From this reading “The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.”

All words in this reading · 111

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

abodenounUS /əˈboʊd/

any address at which you dwell more than temporarily

From this reading There are, for instance, streets of a bad neighborhood in which you could not be induced to live, and streets where you would willingly take up your abode.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading In short, the streets of Paris have every human quality, and impress us, by what we must call their physiognomy, with certain ideas against which we are defenceless.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

badadjectiveUS /bæd/

having undesirable or negative qualities

From this reading There are, for instance, streets of a bad neighborhood in which you could not be induced to live, and streets where you would willingly take up your abode.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading There are, for instance, streets of a bad neighborhood in which you could not be induced to live, and streets where you would willingly take up your abode.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In short, the streets of Paris have every human quality, and impress us, by what we must call their physiognomy, with certain ideas against which we are defenceless.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading In short, the streets of Paris have every human quality, and impress us, by what we must call their physiognomy, with certain ideas against which we are defenceless.

CertainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

charmingadjectiveUS /ˈtʃɑːrmɪŋ/

pleasing or delighting

From this reading Some streets, like the rue Montmartre, have a charming head, and end in a fish’s tail.

cleanadjectiveUS /kliːn/

free from dirt or impurities; or having clean habits

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading There are, for instance, streets of a bad neighborhood in which you could not be induced to live, and streets where you would willingly take up your abode.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

cut-throat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

defencelessadjective

lacking protection or support

From this reading In short, the streets of Paris have every human quality, and impress us, by what we must call their physiognomy, with certain ideas against which we are defenceless.

degradedadjectiveUS /dɪˈɡreɪdəd/

unrestrained by convention or morality

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

dirtyadjectiveUS /ˈdɜːrti/

soiled or likely to soil with dirt or grime

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

dowagers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Some streets, like the rue Montmartre, have a charming head, and end in a fish’s tail.

estimableadjectiveUS /ˈestəməbəl/

deserving of respect or high regard

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading In short, the streets of Paris have every human quality, and impress us, by what we must call their physiognomy, with certain ideas against which we are defenceless.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

fish'snounUS /ˈfɪʃɪz/

possessive form of “fish” — any of various mostly cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates usually having scales and breathing through gills

From this reading Some streets, like the rue Montmartre, have a charming head, and end in a fish’s tail.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading There are, for instance, streets of a bad neighborhood in which you could not be induced to live, and streets where you would willingly take up your abode.

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

gracefullyadverbUS /ˈɡreɪsfəli/

in a graceful manner

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading In short, the streets of Paris have every human quality, and impress us, by what we must call their physiognomy, with certain ideas against which we are defenceless.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Some streets, like the rue Montmartre, have a charming head, and end in a fish’s tail.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading In short, the streets of Paris have every human quality, and impress us, by what we must call their physiognomy, with certain ideas against which we are defenceless.

ideasnounUS /aɪˈdiːəz/

plural of “idea” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading In short, the streets of Paris have every human quality, and impress us, by what we must call their physiognomy, with certain ideas against which we are defenceless.

impressverbUS /ˌɪmˈpres/

have an emotional or cognitive impact upon

From this reading In short, the streets of Paris have every human quality, and impress us, by what we must call their physiognomy, with certain ideas against which we are defenceless.

impressibleadjective

easily impressed or influenced

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

inducedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈduːst/

brought about or caused; not spontaneous

From this reading There are, for instance, streets of a bad neighborhood in which you could not be induced to live, and streets where you would willingly take up your abode.

infamynounUS /ˈɪnfəmi/

a state of extreme dishonor

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

instancenounUS /ˈɪnstəns/

an occurrence of something

From this reading There are, for instance, streets of a bad neighborhood in which you could not be induced to live, and streets where you would willingly take up your abode.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

lanounUS /lɑː/

a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

laboringadjectiveUS /ˈleɪbərɪŋ/

doing arduous or unpleasant work

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

lacksnounUS /læks/

plural of “lack” — the state of needing something that is absent or unavailable

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Some streets, like the rue Montmartre, have a charming head, and end in a fish’s tail.

liveverbUS /laɪv/

be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading There are, for instance, streets of a bad neighborhood in which you could not be induced to live, and streets where you would willingly take up your abode.

majestynounUS /ˈmædʒəsti/

impressiveness in scale or proportion

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

mercantileadjectiveUS /ˈmɜːrkəntaɪl/

of or relating to the economic system of mercantilism

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

MontmartrenounUS /ˌmɑːnˈmærtrə/

the highest point in Paris; famous for its associations with many artists

From this reading Some streets, like the rue Montmartre, have a charming head, and end in a fish’s tail.

moralitynounUS /mərˈæləti/

concern with the distinction between good and evil or right and wrong; right or good conduct

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading In short, the streets of Paris have every human quality, and impress us, by what we must call their physiognomy, with certain ideas against which we are defenceless.

neighborhoodnounUS /ˈneɪbərhʊd/

a surrounding or nearby region

From this reading There are, for instance, streets of a bad neighborhood in which you could not be induced to live, and streets where you would willingly take up your abode.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

olderadjectiveUS /ˈoʊldər/

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

oldestadjectiveUS /ˈoʊldəst/

superlative of “old” — (used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

opinionnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

Paix

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

ParisnounUS /ˈperɪs/

the capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

physiognomynoun

the human face (“kisser” and “smiler” and “mug” are informal terms for “face” and “phiz” is British)

From this reading In short, the streets of Paris have every human quality, and impress us, by what we must call their physiognomy, with certain ideas against which we are defenceless.

PlacenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

qualitynounUS /ˈkwɑːləti/

an essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone

From this reading In short, the streets of Paris have every human quality, and impress us, by what we must call their physiognomy, with certain ideas against which we are defenceless.

reignsnounUS /reɪnz/

plural of “reign” — a period during which something or somebody is dominant or powerful

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

respectableadjectiveUS /rɪˈspektəbəl/

characterized by socially or conventionally acceptable morals

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

Royale

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

ruenounUS /ruː/

European strong-scented perennial herb with grey-green bitter-tasting leaves; an irritant similar to poison ivy

From this reading Some streets, like the rue Montmartre, have a charming head, and end in a fish’s tail.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading In short, the streets of Paris have every human quality, and impress us, by what we must call their physiognomy, with certain ideas against which we are defenceless.

simplyadverbUS /ˈsɪmpli/

and nothing more

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Some streets, like the rue Montmartre, have a charming head, and end in a fish’s tail.

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

streetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

tailnounUS /teɪl/

the posterior part of the body of a vertebrate especially when elongated and extending beyond the trunk or main part of the body

From this reading Some streets, like the rue Montmartre, have a charming head, and end in a fish’s tail.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading There are, for instance, streets of a bad neighborhood in which you could not be induced to live, and streets where you would willingly take up your abode.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading In short, the streets of Paris have every human quality, and impress us, by what we must call their physiognomy, with certain ideas against which we are defenceless.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

thoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading There are, for instance, streets of a bad neighborhood in which you could not be induced to live, and streets where you would willingly take up your abode.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading There are, for instance, streets of a bad neighborhood in which you could not be induced to live, and streets where you would willingly take up your abode.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading In short, the streets of Paris have every human quality, and impress us, by what we must call their physiognomy, with certain ideas against which we are defenceless.

Vendome

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

wakens

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading In short, the streets of Paris have every human quality, and impress us, by what we must call their physiognomy, with certain ideas against which we are defenceless.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading In short, the streets of Paris have every human quality, and impress us, by what we must call their physiognomy, with certain ideas against which we are defenceless.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading There are, for instance, streets of a bad neighborhood in which you could not be induced to live, and streets where you would willingly take up your abode.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading The rue de la Paix is a wide street, a fine street, yet it wakens none of those gracefully noble thoughts which come to an impressible mind in the middle of the rue Royale, and it certainly lacks the majesty which reigns in the Place Vendome.

willinglyadverbUS /ˈwɪlɪŋli/

in a willing manner

From this reading There are, for instance, streets of a bad neighborhood in which you could not be induced to live, and streets where you would willingly take up your abode.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

workingadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːrkɪŋ/

actively engaged in paid work

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading There are, for instance, streets of a bad neighborhood in which you could not be induced to live, and streets where you would willingly take up your abode.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading There are, for instance, streets of a bad neighborhood in which you could not be induced to live, and streets where you would willingly take up your abode.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Certain streets in Paris are as degraded as a man covered with infamy; also, there are noble streets, streets simply respectable, young streets on the morality of which the public has not yet formed an opinion; also cut-throat streets, streets older than the age of the oldest dowagers, estimable streets, streets always clean, streets always dirty, working, laboring, and mercantile streets.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading There are, for instance, streets of a bad neighborhood in which you could not be induced to live, and streets where you would willingly take up your abode.

Chapter 1 of Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants by Honoré de Balzac holds 307 sentences, grouped into 62 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants contain?

Chapter 1 holds 307 sentences of Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants, unabridged, divided into 62 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants by Honoré de Balzac exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 307 sentences, grouped into 62 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants?

Work through the 62 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 62 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants

Common questions about reading Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants by Honoré de Balzac on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants?

Yes. All 2068 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1649 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1649, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants take to read?

About 172 minutes of reading across 414 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants section by section

How to work through Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 5 chapters of Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Certain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Streets
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Paris
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Degraded
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ferragus, Chief of the Dévorants; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.