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Field and Forest
Field and Forest

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Field and Forest is here in full — 129 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/25 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
IN WHICH PHIL LOSES AN OLD AND VALUED FRIEND.
Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.
He wore a cap made of skins, so tall that it seemed to add another foot to his height.
It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.
His beard, gray and massive, was more than a foot long, and gave him a patriarchal aspect.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Field and Forest

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Field and Forest is here in full — 129 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IN WHICH PHIL LOSES AN OLD AND VALUED FRIEND.
Line 2
Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.
Line 3
He wore a cap made of skins, so tall that it seemed to add another foot to his height.
/hiː wɔːr ə kæp meɪd ʌv skɪnz soʊ tɔːl ðæt ɪt siːmd tuː æd əˈnʌðər fʊt tuː hɪz haɪt/
Line 4
It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.
Line 5
His beard, gray and massive, was more than a foot long, and gave him a patriarchal aspect.
/hɪz bɪrd ɡreɪ ənd ˈmæsɪv wɑːz mɔːr ðæn ə fʊt lɔːŋ ənd ɡeɪv hɪm ə ˌpeɪtriˈɑːrkəl ˈæspekt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bushy adjective US /ˈbʊʃi/

used of hair; thick and poorly groomed

From this reading “It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.”

dangled verb US /ˈdæŋɡəld/

past form of “dangle” — hang freely

From this reading “It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.”

hussar noun US /ˈhʌsər/

a member of a European light cavalry unit; renowned for elegant dress

From this reading “It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.”

loses verb US /ˈluːzəz/

third-person singular of “lose” — fail to keep or to maintain; cease to have, either physically or in an abstract sense

From this reading “IN WHICH PHIL LOSES AN OLD AND VALUED FRIEND.”

Matt noun US /mæt/

the property of having little or no contrast; lacking highlights or gloss

From this reading “Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.”

ornamented verb US /ˈɔːrnəmentɪd/

past form of “ornament” — make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.

From this reading “It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.”

patriarchal adjective US /ˌpeɪtriˈɑːrkəl/

characteristic of a form of social organization in which the male is the family head and title is traced through the male line

From this reading “His beard, gray and massive, was more than a foot long, and gave him a patriarchal aspect.”

valued adjective US /ˈvæljuːd/

(usually used in combination) having value of a specified kind

From this reading “IN WHICH PHIL LOSES AN OLD AND VALUED FRIEND.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

addverbUS /æd/

make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading He wore a cap made of skins, so tall that it seemed to add another foot to his height.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL LOSES AN OLD AND VALUED FRIEND.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL LOSES AN OLD AND VALUED FRIEND.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading He wore a cap made of skins, so tall that it seemed to add another foot to his height.

aspectnounUS /ˈæspekt/

a distinct feature or element in a problem

From this reading His beard, gray and massive, was more than a foot long, and gave him a patriarchal aspect.

beardnounUS /bɪrd/

the hair growing on the lower part of a man's face

From this reading His beard, gray and massive, was more than a foot long, and gave him a patriarchal aspect.

bownounUS /baʊ/

a knot with two loops and loose ends; used to tie shoelaces

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

bushyadjectiveUS /ˈbʊʃi/

used of hair; thick and poorly groomed

From this reading It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.

cabinnounUS /ˈkæbən/

small room on a ship or boat where people sleep

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

capnounUS /kæp/

a tight-fitting headdress

From this reading He wore a cap made of skins, so tall that it seemed to add another foot to his height.

Cruncher

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

dangledverbUS /ˈdæŋɡəld/

past form of “dangle” — hang freely

From this reading It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading He wore a cap made of skins, so tall that it seemed to add another foot to his height.

foxnounUS /fɑːks/

alert carnivorous mammal with pointed muzzle and ears and a bushy tail; most are predators that do not hunt in packs

From this reading It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.

FRIENDnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL LOSES AN OLD AND VALUED FRIEND.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading His beard, gray and massive, was more than a foot long, and gave him a patriarchal aspect.

graynounUS /ɡreɪ/

a neutral achromatic color midway between white and black

From this reading His beard, gray and massive, was more than a foot long, and gave him a patriarchal aspect.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

heightnounUS /haɪt/

the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top

From this reading He wore a cap made of skins, so tall that it seemed to add another foot to his height.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading His beard, gray and massive, was more than a foot long, and gave him a patriarchal aspect.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

humbleadjectiveUS /ˈhʌmbəl/

low or inferior in station or quality

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

hussarnounUS /ˈhʌsər/

a member of a European light cavalry unit; renowned for elegant dress

From this reading It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL LOSES AN OLD AND VALUED FRIEND.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

KitnounUS /kɪt/

a case for containing a set of articles

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.

logverbUS /lɔːɡ/

enter into a log, as on ships and planes

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.

LOSESverbUS /ˈluːzəz/

third-person singular of “lose” — fail to keep or to maintain; cease to have, either physically or in an abstract sense

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL LOSES AN OLD AND VALUED FRIEND.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading He wore a cap made of skins, so tall that it seemed to add another foot to his height.

massiveadjectiveUS /ˈmæsɪv/

imposing in size or bulk or solidity

From this reading His beard, gray and massive, was more than a foot long, and gave him a patriarchal aspect.

MattnounUS /mæt/

the property of having little or no contrast; lacking highlights or gloss

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading His beard, gray and massive, was more than a foot long, and gave him a patriarchal aspect.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

OLDadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL LOSES AN OLD AND VALUED FRIEND.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.

ornamentedverbUS /ˈɔːrnəmentɪd/

past form of “ornament” — make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.

From this reading It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.

patriarchaladjectiveUS /ˌpeɪtriˈɑːrkəl/

characteristic of a form of social organization in which the male is the family head and title is traced through the male line

From this reading His beard, gray and massive, was more than a foot long, and gave him a patriarchal aspect.

PHIL

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL LOSES AN OLD AND VALUED FRIEND.

Rockwood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading He wore a cap made of skins, so tall that it seemed to add another foot to his height.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

skinsnounUS /skɪnz/

plural of “skin” — a natural protective body covering and site of the sense of touch

From this reading He wore a cap made of skins, so tall that it seemed to add another foot to his height.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He wore a cap made of skins, so tall that it seemed to add another foot to his height.

tailnounUS /teɪl/

the posterior part of the body of a vertebrate especially when elongated and extending beyond the trunk or main part of the body

From this reading It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.

talladjectiveUS /tɔːl/

great in vertical dimension; high in stature

From this reading He wore a cap made of skins, so tall that it seemed to add another foot to his height.

tassels

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading His beard, gray and massive, was more than a foot long, and gave him a patriarchal aspect.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He wore a cap made of skins, so tall that it seemed to add another foot to his height.

VALUEDadjectiveUS /ˈvæljuːd/

(usually used in combination) having value of a specified kind

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL LOSES AN OLD AND VALUED FRIEND.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Kit Cruncher was about six feet and a half high, and it was necessary that he should bow his head when he entered even the humble log cabin of Matt Rockwood.

WHICHpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL LOSES AN OLD AND VALUED FRIEND.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It was ornamented with the long, bushy tail of a fox, which dangled on one side like the tassels from the cap of a hussar.

woreverbUS /wɔːr/

inflected form of “wear” — be dressed in

From this reading He wore a cap made of skins, so tall that it seemed to add another foot to his height.

Chapter 4 of Field and Forest by Oliver Optic holds 129 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Field and Forest contain?

Chapter 4 holds 129 sentences of Field and Forest, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Field and Forest by Oliver Optic exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 129 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Field and Forest?

Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Field and Forest

Common questions about reading Field and Forest by Oliver Optic on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Field and Forest?

Yes. All 3333 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #24582 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Field and Forest is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #24582, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Field and Forest take to read?

About 277 minutes of reading across 667 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Field and Forest section by section

How to work through Field and Forest section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in Field and Forest

Words and structures a reader meets early in Field and Forest, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Upward
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Field and Forest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Onward
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Field and Forest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Field and Forest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fortunes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Field and Forest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.