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Fighting in France
Fighting in France

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Fighting in France is here in full — 127 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Fighting in France
Context Illustration Reading 1/25 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
UNDERGROUND "Look out, Leon!" cried Earl sharply.
"Look out for that fellow."
Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.
He ducked almost without thinking and the blow fell harmlessly on the back of one of the chairs in the little room.
Before the gun could be raised again Earl sprang upon their foe and grappled with him.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Fighting in France

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Fighting in France is here in full — 127 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
UNDERGROUND "Look out, Leon!" cried Earl sharply.
/ˈʌndərɡraʊnd lʊk aʊt ˈliːɑːn kraɪd ɜːrl ˈʃɑːrpli/
Line 2
"Look out for that fellow."
/lʊk aʊt fɔːr ðæt ˈfeloʊ/
Line 3
Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.
Line 4
He ducked almost without thinking and the blow fell harmlessly on the back of one of the chairs in the little room.
/hiː dʌkt ˈɔːlmoʊst wɪˈθaʊt ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ənd ðə bloʊ fel ˈhɑːrmləsli ɑːn ðə bæk ʌv wʌn ʌv ðə tʃerz ɪn ðə ˈlɪtəl ruːm/
Line 5
Before the gun could be raised again Earl sprang upon their foe and grappled with him.
/bɪˈfɔːr ðə ɡʌn kʊd biː reɪzd əˈɡen ɜːrl spræŋ əˈpɑːn ðer foʊ ənd ˈɡræpəld wɪð hɪm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

butt verb US /bʌt/

lie adjacent to another or share a boundary

From this reading “Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.”

ducked verb US /dʌkt/

past form of “duck” — to move (the head or body) quickly downwards or away

From this reading “He ducked almost without thinking and the blow fell harmlessly on the back of one of the chairs in the little room.”

foe noun US /foʊ/

an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading “Before the gun could be raised again Earl sprang upon their foe and grappled with him.”

grappled verb US /ˈɡræpəld/

past form of “grapple” — succeed in doing, achieving, or producing (something) with the limited or inadequate means available

From this reading “Before the gun could be raised again Earl sprang upon their foe and grappled with him.”

harmlessly adverb US /ˈhɑːrmləsli/

in a harmless manner

From this reading “He ducked almost without thinking and the blow fell harmlessly on the back of one of the chairs in the little room.”

Leon noun US /ˈliːɑːn/

a historical area and former kingdom in northwestern Spain

From this reading “UNDERGROUND "Look out, Leon!" cried Earl sharply.”

underground adjective US /ˈʌndərɡraʊnd/

under the level of the ground

From this reading “UNDERGROUND "Look out, Leon!" cried Earl sharply.”

whirled verb US /wɜːrld/

past form of “whirl” — turn in a twisting or spinning motion

From this reading “Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.”

All words in this reading · 56

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Before the gun could be raised again Earl sprang upon their foe and grappled with him.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading He ducked almost without thinking and the blow fell harmlessly on the back of one of the chairs in the little room.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He ducked almost without thinking and the blow fell harmlessly on the back of one of the chairs in the little room.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading He ducked almost without thinking and the blow fell harmlessly on the back of one of the chairs in the little room.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Before the gun could be raised again Earl sprang upon their foe and grappled with him.

BeforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Before the gun could be raised again Earl sprang upon their foe and grappled with him.

big-helmeted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.

blowverbUS /bloʊ/

exhale hard

From this reading He ducked almost without thinking and the blow fell harmlessly on the back of one of the chairs in the little room.

buttverbUS /bʌt/

lie adjacent to another or share a boundary

From this reading Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.

chairsnounUS /tʃerz/

plural of “chair” — a seat for one person, with a support for the back

From this reading He ducked almost without thinking and the blow fell harmlessly on the back of one of the chairs in the little room.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Before the gun could be raised again Earl sprang upon their foe and grappled with him.

criedverbUS /kraɪd/

inflected form of “cry” — utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading UNDERGROUND "Look out, Leon!" cried Earl sharply.

duckedverbUS /dʌkt/

past form of “duck” — to move (the head or body) quickly downwards or away

From this reading He ducked almost without thinking and the blow fell harmlessly on the back of one of the chairs in the little room.

EarlnounUS /ɜːrl/

a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount

From this reading UNDERGROUND "Look out, Leon!" cried Earl sharply.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading He ducked almost without thinking and the blow fell harmlessly on the back of one of the chairs in the little room.

fellownounUS /ˈfeloʊ/

a boy or man

From this reading "Look out for that fellow."

foenounUS /foʊ/

an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading Before the gun could be raised again Earl sprang upon their foe and grappled with him.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "Look out for that fellow."

GermannounUS /ˈdʒɜːrmən/

a person of German nationality

From this reading Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.

grappledverbUS /ˈɡræpəld/

past form of “grapple” — succeed in doing, achieving, or producing (something) with the limited or inadequate means available

From this reading Before the gun could be raised again Earl sprang upon their foe and grappled with him.

gunnounUS /ɡʌn/

a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

From this reading Before the gun could be raised again Earl sprang upon their foe and grappled with him.

harmlesslyadverbUS /ˈhɑːrmləsli/

in a harmless manner

From this reading He ducked almost without thinking and the blow fell harmlessly on the back of one of the chairs in the little room.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He ducked almost without thinking and the blow fell harmlessly on the back of one of the chairs in the little room.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Before the gun could be raised again Earl sprang upon their foe and grappled with him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.

LeonnounUS /ˈliːɑːn/

a historical area and former kingdom in northwestern Spain

From this reading UNDERGROUND "Look out, Leon!" cried Earl sharply.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading He ducked almost without thinking and the blow fell harmlessly on the back of one of the chairs in the little room.

LookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading UNDERGROUND "Look out, Leon!" cried Earl sharply.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He ducked almost without thinking and the blow fell harmlessly on the back of one of the chairs in the little room.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading He ducked almost without thinking and the blow fell harmlessly on the back of one of the chairs in the little room.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading UNDERGROUND "Look out, Leon!" cried Earl sharply.

preparingverbUS /priˈperɪŋ/

-ing form of “prepare” — make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc

From this reading Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.

raisedadjectiveUS /reɪzd/

located or moved above the surround or above the normal position

From this reading Before the gun could be raised again Earl sprang upon their foe and grappled with him.

rifleverbUS /ˈraɪfəl/

steal goods; take as spoils

From this reading Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading He ducked almost without thinking and the blow fell harmlessly on the back of one of the chairs in the little room.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.

sharplyadverbUS /ˈʃɑːrpli/

in an aggressive manner

From this reading UNDERGROUND "Look out, Leon!" cried Earl sharply.

sprangverbUS /spræŋ/

inflected form of “spring” — move forward by leaps and bounds

From this reading Before the gun could be raised again Earl sprang upon their foe and grappled with him.

strikeverbUS /straɪk/

deliver a sharp blow, as with the hand, fist, or weapon

From this reading Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.

swiftlyadverbUS /ˈswɪftli/

in a swift manner

From this reading Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "Look out for that fellow."

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Before the gun could be raised again Earl sprang upon their foe and grappled with him.

thinkingnounUS /ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/

the process of using your mind to consider something carefully

From this reading He ducked almost without thinking and the blow fell harmlessly on the back of one of the chairs in the little room.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.

UNDERGROUNDadjectiveUS /ˈʌndərɡraʊnd/

under the level of the ground

From this reading UNDERGROUND "Look out, Leon!" cried Earl sharply.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Before the gun could be raised again Earl sprang upon their foe and grappled with him.

upraisedadjective

held up in the air

From this reading Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.

whirledverbUS /wɜːrld/

past form of “whirl” — turn in a twisting or spinning motion

From this reading Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Leon whirled swiftly in time to see a big-helmeted German with the butt end of his rifle upraised preparing to strike.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading He ducked almost without thinking and the blow fell harmlessly on the back of one of the chairs in the little room.

Chapter 4 of Fighting in France by Ross Kay holds 127 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Fighting in France contain?

Chapter 4 holds 127 sentences of Fighting in France, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Fighting in France by Ross Kay exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 127 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Fighting in France?

Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Fighting in France

Common questions about reading Fighting in France by Ross Kay on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Fighting in France?

Yes. All 3321 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #20995 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Fighting in France is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #20995, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Fighting in France take to read?

About 276 minutes of reading across 665 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Fighting in France section by section

How to work through Fighting in France section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 27 chapters of Fighting in France to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Fighting in France

Words and structures a reader meets early in Fighting in France, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Looks
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fighting in France; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Going
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fighting in France; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fight
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fighting in France; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Around
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fighting in France; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.