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File No. 113
File No. 113

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of File No. 113 is here in full — 426 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for File No. 113
Context Illustration Reading 1/85 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.
She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.
If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.
She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.
But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

File No. 113

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of File No. 113 is here in full — 426 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/85 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.
Line 2
She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.
/ʃiː hæd ðə aɪˈdiːə bʌt nɑːt ðə ˈkɜːrədʒ tuː duː soʊ/
Line 3
If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.
Line 4
She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.
/ʃiː ˈsædli ˈjiːldɪd sərˈendərd hərˈself ˈɪntuː ðə hændz ʌv ə ˈmʌðər huːz ˈkɑːndəkt ʃiː rɪˈfreɪnd frʌm ˈkwestʃənɪŋ tuː ɪˈskeɪp ðə ˈpeɪnfəl nəˈsesəti ʌv kənˈdemɪŋ ɪt/
Line 5
But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.
/bʌt ʃiː ˈsiːkrɪtli paɪnd ənd ˈɪnwərdli rɪˈbeld əˈɡenst hɜːr sæd ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt ənd ðʌs hɜːr rɪˈkʌvri wɑːz dɪˈleɪd fɔːr ˈsevrəl mʌnθs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

condemning adjective US /kənˈdemɪŋ/

containing or imposing condemnation or censure

From this reading “She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.”

culpable adjective US /ˈkʌlpəbəl/

deserving blame or censure as being wrong or evil or injurious

From this reading “If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.”

inwardly adverb US /ˈɪnwərdli/

with respect to private feelings

From this reading “But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.”

pined verb US /paɪnd/

past form of “pine” — have a desire for something or someone who is not present

From this reading “But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.”

rebelled verb US /rɪˈbeld/

inflected form of “rebel” — take part in a rebellion; renounce a former allegiance

From this reading “But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.”

refrained verb US /rɪˈfreɪnd/

past form of “refrain” — resist doing something

From this reading “She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.”

surrendered verb US /sərˈendərd/

past form of “surrender” — give up or agree to forgo to the power or possession of another

From this reading “She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.”

Valentine noun US /ˈvæləntaɪn/

a sweetheart chosen to receive a greeting on Saint Valentine's Day

From this reading “The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

assertedadjectiveUS /əˈsɜːrtɪd/

confidently declared to be so

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

condemningadjectiveUS /kənˈdemɪŋ/

containing or imposing condemnation or censure

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

conductverbUS /ˈkɑːndəkt/

direct the course of; manage or control

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

consciousnessnounUS /ˈkɑːnʃəsnəs/

an alert cognitive state in which you are aware of yourself and your situation

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

countess's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

couragenounUS /ˈkɜːrədʒ/

a quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear

From this reading She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.

crushedadjectiveUS /krʌʃt/

treated so as to have a permanently wrinkled appearance

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

culpableadjectiveUS /ˈkʌlpəbəl/

deserving blame or censure as being wrong or evil or injurious

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

dangersnounUS /ˈdeɪndʒərz/

plural of “danger” — the condition of being susceptible to harm or injury

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

delayedadjectiveUS /dɪˈleɪd/

not as far along as normal in development

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

disappointmentnounUS /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/

a feeling of dissatisfaction that results when your expectations are not realized

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.

escapenounUS /ɪˈskeɪp/

the act of escaping physically

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

guiltnounUS /ɡɪlt/

the state of having committed an offense

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

herselfpronounUS /hərˈself/

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

inwardlyadverbUS /ˈɪnwərdli/

with respect to private feelings

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

maternaladjectiveUS /məˈtɜːrnəl/

characteristic of a mother

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

necessitynounUS /nəˈsesəti/

the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

painfuladjectiveUS /ˈpeɪnfəl/

causing physical or psychological pain

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

pinedverbUS /paɪnd/

past form of “pine” — have a desire for something or someone who is not present

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

questioningadjectiveUS /ˈkwestʃənɪŋ/

perplexed (as if being expected to know something that you do not know)

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

rebelledverbUS /rɪˈbeld/

inflected form of “rebel” — take part in a rebellion; renounce a former allegiance

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

recoverynounUS /rɪˈkʌvri/

return to an original state

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

refrainedverbUS /rɪˈfreɪnd/

past form of “refrain” — resist doing something

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

resignationnounUS /ˌrezəɡˈneɪʃən/

acceptance of despair

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

resistedverbUS /rɪˈzɪstɪd/

past form of “resist” — elude, especially in a baffling way

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

rightsnounUS /raɪts/

plural of “right” — an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

sadadjectiveUS /sæd/

experiencing or showing sorrow or unhappiness

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

sadlyadverbUS /ˈsædli/

in an unfortunate way

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

secretlyadverbUS /ˈsiːkrɪtli/

in secrecy; not openly

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.

surrenderedverbUS /sərˈendərd/

past form of “surrender” — give up or agree to forgo to the power or possession of another

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

tyrannynounUS /ˈtɪrəni/

a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

ValentinenounUS /ˈvæləntaɪn/

a sweetheart chosen to receive a greeting on Saint Valentine's Day

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

yieldedverbUS /ˈjiːldɪd/

past form of “yield” — be the cause or source of

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

Chapter 12 of File No. 113 by Emile Gaboriau holds 426 sentences, grouped into 86 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of File No. 113 contain?

Chapter 12 holds 426 sentences of File No. 113, unabridged, divided into 86 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of File No. 113 by Emile Gaboriau exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 426 sentences, grouped into 86 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of File No. 113?

Work through the 86 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 86 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading File No. 113

Common questions about reading File No. 113 by Emile Gaboriau on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of File No. 113?

Yes. All 9121 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3803 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of File No. 113 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3803, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does File No. 113 take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1825 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read File No. 113 section by section

How to work through File No. 113 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of File No. 113 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in File No. 113

Words and structures a reader meets early in File No. 113, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Paris
A word that appears in the opening chapter of File No. 113; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Evening
A word that appears in the opening chapter of File No. 113; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Papers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of File No. 113; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tuesday
A word that appears in the opening chapter of File No. 113; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.