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File No. 113
File No. 113

Chapter XII

Cover illustration for File No. 113
Context Illustration Reading 1/86 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.
She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.
If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.
She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.
But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

File No. 113

Chapter XII

Reading 1/86 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.
Line 2
She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.
Line 3
If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.
Line 4
She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.
Line 5
But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Against preposition US /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading “But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.”

Come noun US /come/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.”

Disappointment noun US /ˈdisappointment/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.”

Hands plural noun US /hændz/

members of a ship’s crew

From this reading “She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.”

Herself pronoun US /hərˈself/

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading “She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.”

Several noun US /ˈseveral/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.”

Whose determiner US /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading “She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

almost

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

asserted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

comenounUS /come/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

condemning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

conduct

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

consciousness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

countess's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

courage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.

crushed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

culpable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

dangers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

delayed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

disappointmentnounUS /ˈdisappointment/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.

escape

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

felt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

guilt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

handsplural nounUS /hændz/

members of a ship’s crew

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

herselfpronounUS /hərˈself/

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

idea

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

inwardly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

maternal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

moment

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

months

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

mother

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

necessity

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

painful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

pined

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

questioning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

rebelled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

recovery

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

refrained

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

resignation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

resisted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

rights

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

sad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

sadly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

saw

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

secretly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

several

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

side

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.

surrendered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

thus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But she secretly pined, and inwardly rebelled against her sad disappointment; and thus her recovery was delayed for several months.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading She had the idea, but not the courage to do so.

too

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

tyranny

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

Valentine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading If, on one side, she saw the dangers of an almost culpable resignation--for she, too, was a mother!--on the other she felt crushed by the consciousness of her guilt.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The moment had come when Valentine should have asserted her maternal rights, and resisted the countess’s tyranny.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.

yielded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She sadly yielded; surrendered herself into the hands of a mother whose conduct she refrained from questioning, to escape the painful necessity of condemning it.