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First Book in Physiology and Hygiene
First Book in Physiology and Hygiene

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene is here in full — 58 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
DIGESTION OF A MOUTHFUL OF BREAD.
~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.
~2.
Mastication.~--First, we chew or masticate the food with the teeth.
We use the tongue to move the food from one side of the mouth to the other, and to keep the food between the teeth.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

First Book in Physiology and Hygiene

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene is here in full — 58 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
DIGESTION OF A MOUTHFUL OF BREAD.
/daɪˈdʒestʃən ʌv ə ˈmaʊθfʊl ʌv bred/
Line 2
~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.
Line 3
~2.
Line 4
Mastication.~--First, we chew or masticate the food with the teeth.
Line 5
We use the tongue to move the food from one side of the mouth to the other, and to keep the food between the teeth.
/wiː juːs ðə tʌŋ tuː muːv ðə fuːd frʌm wʌn saɪd ʌv ðə maʊθ tuː ðə ˈʌðər ənd tuː kiːp ðə fuːd bɪˈtwiːn ðə tiːθ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bread noun US /bred/

food made from dough of flour or meal and usually raised with yeast or baking powder and then baked

From this reading “DIGESTION OF A MOUTHFUL OF BREAD.”

chew verb US /tʃuː/

chew (food); to bite and grind with the teeth

From this reading “Mastication.~--First, we chew or masticate the food with the teeth.”

digestion noun US /daɪˈdʒestʃən/

the process of decomposing organic matter (as in sewage) by bacteria or by chemical action or heat

From this reading “DIGESTION OF A MOUTHFUL OF BREAD.”

eaten verb US /ˈiːtən/

inflected form of “eat” — take in solid food

From this reading “~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.”

mouthful noun US /ˈmaʊθfʊl/

the quantity that can be held in the mouth

From this reading “DIGESTION OF A MOUTHFUL OF BREAD.”

processes noun US /ˈprɑːsesəz/

plural of “process” — a particular course of action intended to achieve a result

From this reading “~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.”

teeth noun US /tiːθ/

the kind and number and arrangement of teeth (collectively) in a person or animal

From this reading “Mastication.~--First, we chew or masticate the food with the teeth.”

tongue noun US /tʌŋ/

a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading “We use the tongue to move the food from one side of the mouth to the other, and to keep the food between the teeth.”

All words in this reading · 44

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.

2

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ~2.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading DIGESTION OF A MOUTHFUL OF BREAD.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading ~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading ~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading ~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading We use the tongue to move the food from one side of the mouth to the other, and to keep the food between the teeth.

BREADnounUS /bred/

food made from dough of flour or meal and usually raised with yeast or baking powder and then baked

From this reading DIGESTION OF A MOUTHFUL OF BREAD.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading ~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.

chewverbUS /tʃuː/

chew (food); to bite and grind with the teeth

From this reading Mastication.~--First, we chew or masticate the food with the teeth.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading ~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.

DIGESTIONnounUS /daɪˈdʒestʃən/

the process of decomposing organic matter (as in sewage) by bacteria or by chemical action or heat

From this reading DIGESTION OF A MOUTHFUL OF BREAD.

eatenverbUS /ˈiːtən/

inflected form of “eat” — take in solid food

From this reading ~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.

FirstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Mastication.~--First, we chew or masticate the food with the teeth.

foodnounUS /fuːd/

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading Mastication.~--First, we chew or masticate the food with the teeth.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading We use the tongue to move the food from one side of the mouth to the other, and to keep the food between the teeth.

goesnounUS /ɡoʊz/

plural of “go” — a time period for working (after which you will be relieved by someone else)

From this reading ~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading ~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading ~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading We use the tongue to move the food from one side of the mouth to the other, and to keep the food between the teeth.

Letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading ~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.

masticateverb

grind and knead

From this reading Mastication.~--First, we chew or masticate the food with the teeth.

Masticationnoun

biting and grinding food in your mouth so it becomes soft enough to swallow

From this reading Mastication.~--First, we chew or masticate the food with the teeth.

mouthnounUS /maʊθ/

the opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge

From this reading We use the tongue to move the food from one side of the mouth to the other, and to keep the food between the teeth.

MOUTHFULnounUS /ˈmaʊθfʊl/

the quantity that can be held in the mouth

From this reading DIGESTION OF A MOUTHFUL OF BREAD.

moveverbUS /muːv/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading We use the tongue to move the food from one side of the mouth to the other, and to keep the food between the teeth.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading DIGESTION OF A MOUTHFUL OF BREAD.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading We use the tongue to move the food from one side of the mouth to the other, and to keep the food between the teeth.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Mastication.~--First, we chew or masticate the food with the teeth.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading We use the tongue to move the food from one side of the mouth to the other, and to keep the food between the teeth.

processesnounUS /ˈprɑːsesəz/

plural of “process” — a particular course of action intended to achieve a result

From this reading ~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading We use the tongue to move the food from one side of the mouth to the other, and to keep the food between the teeth.

supposeverbUS /səˈpoʊz/

express a supposition

From this reading ~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.

teethnounUS /tiːθ/

the kind and number and arrangement of teeth (collectively) in a person or animal

From this reading Mastication.~--First, we chew or masticate the food with the teeth.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading ~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading ~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading We use the tongue to move the food from one side of the mouth to the other, and to keep the food between the teeth.

tonguenounUS /tʌŋ/

a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading We use the tongue to move the food from one side of the mouth to the other, and to keep the food between the teeth.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading ~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading We use the tongue to move the food from one side of the mouth to the other, and to keep the food between the teeth.

watchverbUS /wɑːtʃ/

look attentively

From this reading ~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading ~1.~ Let us suppose that we have eaten a mouthful of bread, and can watch it as it goes through all the different processes of digestion.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Mastication.~--First, we chew or masticate the food with the teeth.

Chapter 5 of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene by John Harvey Kellogg holds 58 sentences, grouped into 12 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene contain?

Chapter 5 holds 58 sentences of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene, unabridged, divided into 12 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene by John Harvey Kellogg exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 58 sentences, grouped into 12 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene?

Work through the 12 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 12 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading First Book in Physiology and Hygiene

Common questions about reading First Book in Physiology and Hygiene by John Harvey Kellogg on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene?

Yes. All 2969 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #17367 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #17367, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does First Book in Physiology and Hygiene take to read?

About 247 minutes of reading across 594 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in First Book in Physiology and Hygiene

Words and structures a reader meets early in First Book in Physiology and Hygiene, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

General
A word that appears in the opening chapter of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Parts
A word that appears in the opening chapter of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Trunk
A word that appears in the opening chapter of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Called
A word that appears in the opening chapter of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.