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First Book in Physiology and Hygiene
First Book in Physiology and Hygiene

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene is here in full — 45 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for First Book in Physiology and Hygiene
Context Illustration Reading 1/9 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
HOW TO TAKE CARE OF THE SKIN.
~1.
Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.
The little gilded boy looked very pretty for a short time, but soon he became very sick, and in a few hours he was dead.
Can you guess what made him die?
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

First Book in Physiology and Hygiene

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene is here in full — 45 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/9 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
HOW TO TAKE CARE OF THE SKIN.
Line 2
~1.
Line 3
Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.
Line 4
The little gilded boy looked very pretty for a short time, but soon he became very sick, and in a few hours he was dead.
/ðə ˈlɪtəl ˈɡɪldɪd bɔɪ lʊkt ˈveri ˈprɪti fɔːr ə ʃɔːrt taɪm bʌt suːn hiː bɪˈkeɪm ˈveri sɪk ənd ɪn ə fjuː ˈaʊərz hiː wɑːz ded/
Line 5
Can you guess what made him die?
/kæn juː ɡes wʌt meɪd hɪm daɪ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

angel noun US /ˈeɪndʒəl/

spiritual being attendant upon God

From this reading “Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.”

celebration noun US /ˌseləˈbreɪʃən/

a joyful occasion for special festivities to mark some happy event

From this reading “Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.”

gilded adjective US /ˈɡɪldɪd/

having the deep slightly brownish color of gold

From this reading “The little gilded boy looked very pretty for a short time, but soon he became very sick, and in a few hours he was dead.”

leaf noun US /liːf/

the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading “Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.”

Pores noun US /pɔːrz/

plural of “pore” — any tiny hole admitting passage of a liquid (fluid or gas)

From this reading “Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.”

represent verb US /ˌreprɪˈzent/

take the place of or be parallel or equivalent to

From this reading “Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.”

Uses noun US /ˈjuːsəz/

plural of “use” — the act of using

From this reading “Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.”

varnish noun US /ˈvɑːrnɪʃ/

a coating that provides a hard, lustrous, transparent finish to a surface

From this reading “Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.”

All words in this reading · 57

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ~1.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

angelnounUS /ˈeɪndʒəl/

spiritual being attendant upon God

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading The little gilded boy looked very pretty for a short time, but soon he became very sick, and in a few hours he was dead.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The little gilded boy looked very pretty for a short time, but soon he became very sick, and in a few hours he was dead.

Canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Can you guess what made him die?

CAREnounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading HOW TO TAKE CARE OF THE SKIN.

celebrationnounUS /ˌseləˈbreɪʃən/

a joyful occasion for special festivities to mark some happy event

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading The little gilded boy looked very pretty for a short time, but soon he became very sick, and in a few hours he was dead.

dieverbUS /daɪ/

pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading Can you guess what made him die?

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading The little gilded boy looked very pretty for a short time, but soon he became very sick, and in a few hours he was dead.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The little gilded boy looked very pretty for a short time, but soon he became very sick, and in a few hours he was dead.

gildedadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪldɪd/

having the deep slightly brownish color of gold

From this reading The little gilded boy looked very pretty for a short time, but soon he became very sick, and in a few hours he was dead.

goldnounUS /ɡoʊld/

coins made of gold

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

guessverbUS /ɡes/

expect, believe, or suppose

From this reading Can you guess what made him die?

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The little gilded boy looked very pretty for a short time, but soon he became very sick, and in a few hours he was dead.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading The little gilded boy looked very pretty for a short time, but soon he became very sick, and in a few hours he was dead.

HOW

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HOW TO TAKE CARE OF THE SKIN.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The little gilded boy looked very pretty for a short time, but soon he became very sick, and in a few hours he was dead.

leafnounUS /liːf/

the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The little gilded boy looked very pretty for a short time, but soon he became very sick, and in a few hours he was dead.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Can you guess what made him die?

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

ManyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading HOW TO TAKE CARE OF THE SKIN.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

PoresnounUS /pɔːrz/

plural of “pore” — any tiny hole admitting passage of a liquid (fluid or gas)

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

prettyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪti/

pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing

From this reading The little gilded boy looked very pretty for a short time, but soon he became very sick, and in a few hours he was dead.

representverbUS /ˌreprɪˈzent/

take the place of or be parallel or equivalent to

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading The little gilded boy looked very pretty for a short time, but soon he became very sick, and in a few hours he was dead.

sickadjectiveUS /sɪk/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading The little gilded boy looked very pretty for a short time, but soon he became very sick, and in a few hours he was dead.

SKINnounUS /skɪn/

a natural protective body covering and site of the sense of touch

From this reading HOW TO TAKE CARE OF THE SKIN.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading The little gilded boy looked very pretty for a short time, but soon he became very sick, and in a few hours he was dead.

TAKEverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading HOW TO TAKE CARE OF THE SKIN.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading HOW TO TAKE CARE OF THE SKIN.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The little gilded boy looked very pretty for a short time, but soon he became very sick, and in a few hours he was dead.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading HOW TO TAKE CARE OF THE SKIN.

UsesnounUS /ˈjuːsəz/

plural of “use” — the act of using

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

varnishnounUS /ˈvɑːrnɪʃ/

a coating that provides a hard, lustrous, transparent finish to a surface

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The little gilded boy looked very pretty for a short time, but soon he became very sick, and in a few hours he was dead.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Can you guess what made him die?

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Uses of the Pores of the Skin.~--Many years ago, at a great celebration, a little boy was covered all over with varnish and gold leaf, so as to make him represent an angel.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Can you guess what made him die?

Chapter 11 of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene by John Harvey Kellogg holds 45 sentences, grouped into 9 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene contain?

Chapter 11 holds 45 sentences of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene, unabridged, divided into 9 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene by John Harvey Kellogg exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 45 sentences, grouped into 9 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene?

Work through the 9 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 9 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading First Book in Physiology and Hygiene

Common questions about reading First Book in Physiology and Hygiene by John Harvey Kellogg on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene?

Yes. All 2969 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #17367 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #17367, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does First Book in Physiology and Hygiene take to read?

About 247 minutes of reading across 594 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read First Book in Physiology and Hygiene section by section

How to work through First Book in Physiology and Hygiene section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 35 chapters of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in First Book in Physiology and Hygiene

Words and structures a reader meets early in First Book in Physiology and Hygiene, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

General
A word that appears in the opening chapter of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Parts
A word that appears in the opening chapter of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Trunk
A word that appears in the opening chapter of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Called
A word that appears in the opening chapter of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.