Chapter 31 of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene is here in full — 7 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.
Chapter XXXI
Chapter 31 of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene is here in full — 7 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
in the body? Of what are the muscles composed? How are many of the muscles connected to the bones? To what are all bodily movements due? How do the muscles act? What causes the muscles to act? Do all muscles act only when we will to have them act?
Chapter 31 of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene is here in full — 7 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
Reading 1/1 · 7 reading units · Lines 1–7
These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.
Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.
in bodily form
From this reading “To what are all bodily movements due?”
(used in the plural) a percussion instrument consisting of a pair of hollow pieces of wood or bone (usually held between the thumb and fingers) that are made to click together (as by Spanish dancers) in rhythm with the dance
From this reading “How are many of the muscles connected to the bones?”
plural of “cause” — events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something
From this reading “What causes the muscles to act?”
serenely self-possessed and free from agitation especially in times of stress
From this reading “Of what are the muscles composed?”
being joined in close association
From this reading “How are many of the muscles connected to the bones?”
owed and payable immediately or on demand
From this reading “To what are all bodily movements due?”
plural of “movement” — a change of position that does not entail a change of location
From this reading “To what are all bodily movements due?”
plural of “muscle” — one of the contractile organs of the body
From this reading “Of what are the muscles composed?”
Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.
Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)
From this reading How do the muscles act?
(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class
From this reading To what are all bodily movements due?
the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun
From this reading Of what are the muscles composed?
in bodily form
From this reading To what are all bodily movements due?
the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)
From this reading in the body?
(used in the plural) a percussion instrument consisting of a pair of hollow pieces of wood or bone (usually held between the thumb and fingers) that are made to click together (as by Spanish dancers) in rhythm with the dance
From this reading How are many of the muscles connected to the bones?
plural of “cause” — events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something
From this reading What causes the muscles to act?
serenely self-possessed and free from agitation especially in times of stress
From this reading Of what are the muscles composed?
being joined in close association
From this reading How are many of the muscles connected to the bones?
used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis
From this reading How do the muscles act?
owed and payable immediately or on demand
From this reading To what are all bodily movements due?
used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses
From this reading Do all muscles act only when we will to have them act?
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading How are many of the muscles connected to the bones?
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading in the body?
a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number
From this reading How are many of the muscles connected to the bones?
plural of “movement” — a change of position that does not entail a change of location
From this reading To what are all bodily movements due?
plural of “muscle” — one of the contractile organs of the body
From this reading Of what are the muscles composed?
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading Of what are the muscles composed?
and nothing more
From this reading Do all muscles act only when we will to have them act?
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading in the body?
the people or things already mentioned, as the object
From this reading Do all muscles act only when we will to have them act?
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading How are many of the muscles connected to the bones?
the speaker together with one or more other people
From this reading Do all muscles act only when we will to have them act?
used to ask for information about something
From this reading Of what are the muscles composed?
at the time that
From this reading Do all muscles act only when we will to have them act?
used to talk about the future, or about willingness
From this reading Do all muscles act only when we will to have them act?
Chapter 31 of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene by John Harvey Kellogg holds 7 sentences, grouped into 2 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.
Chapter 31 holds 7 sentences of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene, unabridged, divided into 2 reading sections.
This page carries chapter 31 of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene by John Harvey Kellogg exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 7 sentences, grouped into 2 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.
Work through the 2 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.
Each of the 2 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.
Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.
Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.
Common questions about reading First Book in Physiology and Hygiene by John Harvey Kellogg on this page, its source edition and its audio.
Yes. All 2969 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #17367 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.
Project Gutenberg eBook #17367, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.
About 247 minutes of reading across 594 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.
How to work through First Book in Physiology and Hygiene section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.
Choose one of the 35 chapters of First Book in Physiology and Hygiene to begin.
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Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.
Words and structures a reader meets early in First Book in Physiology and Hygiene, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.
