Chapter 6 of First Lessons in Natural Philosophy for Beginners is here in full — 328 sentences across 66 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.
Chapter VI
Chapter 6 of First Lessons in Natural Philosophy for Beginners is here in full — 328 sentences across 66 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
Water. Where do we find water? We find _water_ almost everywhere; above the earth, on the earth, and beneath the earth’s surface. Where do we find water above the earth? We find it in the air, in the form of vapor.
Chapter 6 of First Lessons in Natural Philosophy for Beginners is here in full — 328 sentences across 66 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
Reading 1/65 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5
These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.
Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.
higher than, or over, something
From this reading “We find _water_ almost everywhere; above the earth, on the earth, and beneath the earth’s surface.”
Directly under; in or to a lower position than.
From this reading “We find _water_ almost everywhere; above the earth, on the earth, and beneath the earth’s surface.”
the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on
From this reading “We find _water_ almost everywhere; above the earth, on the earth, and beneath the earth’s surface.”
possessive form of “earth” — the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on
to or in any or all places
From this reading “We find _water_ almost everywhere; above the earth, on the earth, and beneath the earth’s surface.”
the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something
From this reading “We find it in the air, in the form of vapor.”
the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary
From this reading “We find _water_ almost everywhere; above the earth, on the earth, and beneath the earth’s surface.”
a visible suspension in the air of particles of some substance
From this reading “We find it in the air, in the form of vapor.”
English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.
Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.
In this reading “We find _water_ almost everywhere; above the earth, on the earth, and beneath the earth’s surface.”
on everybody's mind
In this reading “We find it in the air, in the form of vapor.”
In this reading “We find _water_ almost everywhere; above the earth, on the earth, and beneath the earth’s surface.”
Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.
Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
higher than, or over, something
From this reading We find _water_ almost everywhere; above the earth, on the earth, and beneath the earth’s surface.
a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of
From this reading We find it in the air, in the form of vapor.
(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but
From this reading We find _water_ almost everywhere; above the earth, on the earth, and beneath the earth’s surface.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading We find _water_ almost everywhere; above the earth, on the earth, and beneath the earth’s surface.
Directly under; in or to a lower position than.
From this reading We find _water_ almost everywhere; above the earth, on the earth, and beneath the earth’s surface.
used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis
From this reading Where do we find water?
the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on
From this reading We find _water_ almost everywhere; above the earth, on the earth, and beneath the earth’s surface.
possessive form of “earth” — the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on
From this reading We find _water_ almost everywhere; above the earth, on the earth, and beneath the earth’s surface.
to or in any or all places
From this reading We find _water_ almost everywhere; above the earth, on the earth, and beneath the earth’s surface.
come upon, as if by accident; meet with
From this reading Where do we find water?
the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something
From this reading We find it in the air, in the form of vapor.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading We find it in the air, in the form of vapor.
a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned
From this reading We find it in the air, in the form of vapor.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading We find it in the air, in the form of vapor.
touching and supported by a surface
From this reading We find _water_ almost everywhere; above the earth, on the earth, and beneath the earth’s surface.
the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary
From this reading We find _water_ almost everywhere; above the earth, on the earth, and beneath the earth’s surface.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading We find _water_ almost everywhere; above the earth, on the earth, and beneath the earth’s surface.
a visible suspension in the air of particles of some substance
From this reading We find it in the air, in the form of vapor.
binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent
From this reading Water.
the speaker together with one or more other people
From this reading Where do we find water?
in or at the place that
From this reading Where do we find water?
Chapter 6 of First Lessons in Natural Philosophy for Beginners by Joseph C. (Joseph Comly) Martindale holds 328 sentences, grouped into 66 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.
Chapter 6 holds 328 sentences of First Lessons in Natural Philosophy for Beginners, unabridged, divided into 66 reading sections.
This page carries chapter 6 of First Lessons in Natural Philosophy for Beginners by Joseph C. (Joseph Comly) Martindale exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 328 sentences, grouped into 66 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.
Work through the 66 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.
Each of the 66 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.
Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 6 can be played aloud in United States English.
Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.
Common questions about reading First Lessons in Natural Philosophy for Beginners by Joseph C. (Joseph Comly) Martindale on this page, its source edition and its audio.
Yes. All 3205 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #53778 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.
Project Gutenberg eBook #53778, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.
About 267 minutes of reading across 641 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.
How to work through First Lessons in Natural Philosophy for Beginners section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.
Choose one of the 12 chapters of First Lessons in Natural Philosophy for Beginners to begin.
Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.
Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.
Words and structures a reader meets early in First Lessons in Natural Philosophy for Beginners, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.
