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First Love, and Other Stories
First Love, and Other Stories

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of First Love, and Other Stories is here in full — 414 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The novel First Love was Turgénieff’s favourite work, as he more than once confessed.
What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.
In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.
Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.
Famous writers are fond of leading their contemporaries--and still more posterity--astray with regard to the reflection of intimate details of their lives in their artistic works....
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

First Love, and Other Stories

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of First Love, and Other Stories is here in full — 414 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The novelFirst Lovewas Turgénieff’s favourite work, as he more than once confessed.
Line 2
What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.
/wʌt ðə ˈɔːθər praɪzd ɪn ðɪs ˈpjʊrli ˈɪntəmət bʌt ˈbjuːtəfli ˈfɪnɪʃt ˈstɔːri wɑːz ɪts fəˈdeləti tuː ˌæktʃuːˈælətiː ðæt ɪz tuː seɪ hiː praɪzd ðə ˈpɜːrsɪnəl ˌrekəˈlekʃənz ʌv ˈɜːrli juːθ/
Line 3
In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.
Line 4
Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.
Line 5
Famous writers are fond of leading their contemporaries--and still more posterity--astray with regard to the reflection of intimate details of their lives in their artistic works....

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

actuality noun US /ˌæktʃuːˈælətiː/

the state of actually existing objectively

From this reading “What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.”

biographical adjective US /ˌbaɪəˈɡræfɪkəl/

of or relating to or being biography

From this reading “In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.”

contemporaries noun US /kənˈtempəreriz/

all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading “Famous writers are fond of leading their contemporaries--and still more posterity--astray with regard to the reflection of intimate details of their lives in their artistic works....”

credible adjective US /ˈkredəbəl/

capable of being believed

From this reading “In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.”

inherent adjective US /ɪnˈhɪrənt/

existing as an essential constituent or characteristic

From this reading “Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.”

narrates verb US /neˈreɪts/

third-person singular of “narrate” — provide commentary for a film, for example

From this reading “In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.”

personalities noun US /ˌpɜːrsəˈnælɪtiz/

plural of “personality” — the complex of all the attributes--behavioral, temperamental, emotional and mental--that characterize a unique individual

From this reading “Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.”

prized verb US /praɪzd/

past form of “prize” — hold dear

From this reading “What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

early youth adjective + noun

In this reading “What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.”

actual fact adjective + noun

In this reading “In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.”

some extent adjective + noun

In this reading “Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.”

without the slightest preposition + article + noun counted as “without … slight”

In this reading “In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.”

by nature preposition + noun

through inherent nature

In this reading “Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.”

with regard preposition + noun

In this reading “Famous writers are fond of leading their contemporaries--and still more posterity--astray with regard to the reflection of intimate details of their lives in their artistic works....”

All words in this reading · 108

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

actualadjectiveUS /ˈæktʃəwəl/

presently existing in fact and not merely potential or possible

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

actualitynounUS /ˌæktʃuːˈælətiː/

the state of actually existing objectively

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

apparentlyadverbUS /əˈperəntli/

from appearances alone

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

artificialadjectiveUS /ˌɑːrtəˈfɪʃəl/

contrived by art rather than nature

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

artisticadjectiveUS /ɑːrˈtɪstɪk/

relating to or characteristic of art or artists

From this reading Famous writers are fond of leading their contemporaries--and still more posterity--astray with regard to the reflection of intimate details of their lives in their artistic works....

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The novel “First Love” was Turgénieff’s favourite work, as he more than once confessed.

astrayadverbUS /əˈstreɪ/

away from the right path or direction

From this reading Famous writers are fond of leading their contemporaries--and still more posterity--astray with regard to the reflection of intimate details of their lives in their artistic works....

authornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

beautifullyadverbUS /ˈbjuːtəfli/

in a beautiful manner

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

biographicaladjectiveUS /ˌbaɪəˈɡræfɪkəl/

of or relating to or being biography

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

characteristicnounUS /ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪk/

a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

colouringnounUS /ˈkʌlərrɪŋ/

a digestible substance used to give color to food

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

confessedverbUS /kənˈfest/

past form of “confess” — confess to a punishable or reprehensible deed, usually under pressure

From this reading The novel “First Love” was Turgénieff’s favourite work, as he more than once confessed.

contemporariesnounUS /kənˈtempəreriz/

all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading Famous writers are fond of leading their contemporaries--and still more posterity--astray with regard to the reflection of intimate details of their lives in their artistic works....

coquetrynoun

playful behavior intended to arouse sexual interest

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

credibleadjectiveUS /ˈkredəbəl/

capable of being believed

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

criticnounUS /ˈkrɪtɪk/

a person who is professionally engaged in the analysis and interpretation of works of art

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

decidedadjectiveUS /ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd/

recognizable; marked

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

despiteprepositionUS /dɪˈspaɪt/

although something is true; in spite of

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

detailsnounUS /dɪˈteɪlz/

true confidential information

From this reading Famous writers are fond of leading their contemporaries--and still more posterity--astray with regard to the reflection of intimate details of their lives in their artistic works....

documentsnounUS /ˈdɑːkjəmənts/

plural of “document” — writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

extentnounUS /ɪkˈstent/

the point or degree to which something extends

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

FamousadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪməs/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

favouritenounUS /ˈfeɪvərɪt/

a competitor thought likely to win

From this reading The novel “First Love” was Turgénieff’s favourite work, as he more than once confessed.

fidelitynounUS /fəˈdeləti/

accuracy with which an electronic system reproduces the sound or image of its input signal

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

finishedadjectiveUS /ˈfɪnɪʃt/

(of materials or goods) brought to the desired final state

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

FirstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The novel “First Love” was Turgénieff’s favourite work, as he more than once confessed.

fondadjectiveUS /fɑːnd/

having or displaying warmth or affection

From this reading Famous writers are fond of leading their contemporaries--and still more posterity--astray with regard to the reflection of intimate details of their lives in their artistic works....

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The novel “First Love” was Turgénieff’s favourite work, as he more than once confessed.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

inclinedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈklaɪnd/

(often followed by “to”) having a preference, disposition, or tendency

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

inherentadjectiveUS /ɪnˈhɪrənt/

existing as an essential constituent or characteristic

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

intimateadjectiveUS /ˈɪntəmət/

marked by close acquaintance, association, or familiarity

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

leadingadjectiveUS /ˈliːdɪŋ/

indicating the most important performer or role

From this reading Famous writers are fond of leading their contemporaries--and still more posterity--astray with regard to the reflection of intimate details of their lives in their artistic works....

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

livesnounUS /lɪvz/

plural of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Famous writers are fond of leading their contemporaries--and still more posterity--astray with regard to the reflection of intimate details of their lives in their artistic works....

LovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading The novel “First Love” was Turgénieff’s favourite work, as he more than once confessed.

modestynounUS /ˈmɑːdəsti/

freedom from vanity or conceit

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The novel “First Love” was Turgénieff’s favourite work, as he more than once confessed.

narratesverbUS /neˈreɪts/

third-person singular of “narrate” — provide commentary for a film, for example

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

novelnounUS /ˈnɑːvəl/

an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story

From this reading The novel “First Love” was Turgénieff’s favourite work, as he more than once confessed.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading The novel “First Love” was Turgénieff’s favourite work, as he more than once confessed.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

particularlyadverbUS /ˌpɑːrˈtɪkjələrli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

personaladjectiveUS /ˈpɜːrsɪnəl/

concerning or affecting a particular person or his or her private life and personality

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

personalitiesnounUS /ˌpɜːrsəˈnælɪtiz/

plural of “personality” — the complex of all the attributes--behavioral, temperamental, emotional and mental--that characterize a unique individual

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

posteritynounUS /pɑːˈsterəti/

all of the offspring of a given progenitor

From this reading Famous writers are fond of leading their contemporaries--and still more posterity--astray with regard to the reflection of intimate details of their lives in their artistic works....

prizedverbUS /praɪzd/

past form of “prize” — hold dear

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

prominentadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːmənənt/

having a quality that thrusts itself into attention

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

purelyadverbUS /ˈpjʊrli/

restricted to something

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

readersnounUS /ˈriːdərz/

plural of “reader” — a person who enjoys reading

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

recollectionsnounUS /ˌrekəˈlekʃənz/

plural of “recollection” — the ability to recall past occurrences

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

reflectionnounUS /rɪˈflekʃən/

a calm, lengthy, intent consideration

From this reading Famous writers are fond of leading their contemporaries--and still more posterity--astray with regard to the reflection of intimate details of their lives in their artistic works....

regardnounUS /rɪˈɡɑːrd/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading Famous writers are fond of leading their contemporaries--and still more posterity--astray with regard to the reflection of intimate details of their lives in their artistic works....

remarksnounUS /rɪˈmɑːrks/

plural of “remark” — a statement that expresses a personal opinion or belief or adds information

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

renownedadjectiveUS /rɪˈnaʊnd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

rightlyadverbUS /ˈraɪtli/

with honesty

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

romanticadjectiveUS /roʊˈmæntɪk/

belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

slightestadjectiveUS /ˈslaɪtəst/

superlative of “slight” — (quantifier used with mass nouns) small in quantity or degree; not much or almost none or (with “a”) at least some

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Famous writers are fond of leading their contemporaries--and still more posterity--astray with regard to the reflection of intimate details of their lives in their artistic works....

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

testimonynounUS /ˈtestəmoʊni/

a solemn statement made under oath

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The novel “First Love” was Turgénieff’s favourite work, as he more than once confessed.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The novel “First Love” was Turgénieff’s favourite work, as he more than once confessed.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

Turgénieff

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

Turgénieff's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The novel “First Love” was Turgénieff’s favourite work, as he more than once confessed.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The novel “First Love” was Turgénieff’s favourite work, as he more than once confessed.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading In that respect this story has a prominent interest for readers, since it narrates--according to the testimony of the author--an actual fact in his life, and that without the slightest artificial colouring.[1] To what degree Turgénieff’s testimony is credible, remarks one critic, is a question which can be rightly decided only by biographical documents.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading The novel “First Love” was Turgénieff’s favourite work, as he more than once confessed.

worksnounUS /wɜːrks/

buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading Famous writers are fond of leading their contemporaries--and still more posterity--astray with regard to the reflection of intimate details of their lives in their artistic works....

writersnounUS /ˈraɪtərz/

plural of “writer” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading Famous writers are particularly inclined by nature to romantic coquetry with their own personalities--a characteristic which was, apparently, to some extent, inherent in Turgénieff, despite his renowned modesty.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading What the author prized in this purely intimate but beautifully finished story was its fidelity to actuality; that is to say, he prized the personal recollections of early youth.

Chapter 1 of First Love, and Other Stories by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev holds 414 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of First Love, and Other Stories contain?

Chapter 1 holds 414 sentences of First Love, and Other Stories, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of First Love, and Other Stories by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 414 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of First Love, and Other Stories?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading First Love, and Other Stories

Common questions about reading First Love, and Other Stories by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of First Love, and Other Stories?

Yes. All 4409 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56878 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of First Love, and Other Stories is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56878, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does First Love, and Other Stories take to read?

About 367 minutes of reading across 882 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read First Love, and Other Stories section by section

How to work through First Love, and Other Stories section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 11 chapters of First Love, and Other Stories to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in First Love, and Other Stories

Words and structures a reader meets early in First Love, and Other Stories, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Novel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of First Love, and Other Stories; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of First Love, and Other Stories; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Nieff
A word that appears in the opening chapter of First Love, and Other Stories; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Favourite
A word that appears in the opening chapter of First Love, and Other Stories; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.