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First on the Moon
First on the Moon

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of First on the Moon is here in full — 312 sentences across 63 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for First on the Moon
Context Illustration Reading 1/62 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The earth was no longer a round full ball.
It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.
Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.
Larkwell and Nagel had finished the airlock.
The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

First on the Moon

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of First on the Moon is here in full — 312 sentences across 63 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/62 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The earth was no longer a round full ball.
/ðə ɜːrθ wɑːz noʊ ˈlɔːŋɡər ə raʊnd fʊl bɔːl/
Line 2
It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.
Line 3
Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.
Line 4
Larkwell and Nagel had finished the airlock.
Line 5
The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.
/ðə ˈrɑːkət hæd bɪn ˈtestɪd ənd dɪˈspaɪt ə fjuː ˈmɪnət liːks ðeɪ hæd feɪld tuː ˈloʊkeɪt ðə speɪs ˈkæbən wɑːz səˈfɪʃəntli ˈertaɪt tuː sɜːrv ðer ˈpɜːrpəs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

airlock noun US /ˈerlɔːk/

a chamber that provides access to space where air is under pressure

From this reading “Larkwell and Nagel had finished the airlock.”

airtight adjective US /ˈertaɪt/

having no weak points

From this reading “The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.”

creamy adjective US /ˈkriːmi/

of the color of cream

From this reading “Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.”

leaks noun US /liːks/

plural of “leak” — an accidental hole that allows something (fluid or light etc.) to enter or escape

From this reading “The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.”

lunar adjective US /ˈluːnər/

of or relating to or associated with the moon

From this reading “It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.”

outlining verb US /ˈaʊtlaɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “outline” — describe roughly or briefly or give the main points or summary of

From this reading “Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.”

sheen noun US /ʃiːn/

the visual property of something that shines with reflected light

From this reading “Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.”

structures noun US /ˈstrʌktʃərz/

plural of “structure” — a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts

From this reading “Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

few minute adjective + noun

In this reading “The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.”

through space preposition + noun

In this reading “Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.”

All words in this reading · 70

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The earth was no longer a round full ball.

airlocknounUS /ˈerlɔːk/

a chamber that provides access to space where air is under pressure

From this reading Larkwell and Nagel had finished the airlock.

airtightadjectiveUS /ˈertaɪt/

having no weak points

From this reading The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

Arzachel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.

ballnounUS /bɔːl/

round object that is hit or thrown or kicked in games

From this reading The earth was no longer a round full ball.

beaconnounUS /ˈbiːkən/

a fire (usually on a hill or tower) that can be seen from a distance

From this reading Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.

brightestadjectiveUS /ˈbraɪtəst/

superlative of “bright” — emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

cabinnounUS /ˈkæbən/

small room on a ship or boat where people sleep

From this reading The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.

CraternounUS /ˈkreɪtər/

a bowl-shaped geological formation at the top of a volcano

From this reading Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.

creamyadjectiveUS /ˈkriːmi/

of the color of cream

From this reading Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.

despiteprepositionUS /dɪˈspaɪt/

although something is true; in spite of

From this reading The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.

dimadjectiveUS /dɪm/

lacking in light; not bright or harsh

From this reading Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.

dimmedadjectiveUS /dɪmd/

made dim or less bright

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading The earth was no longer a round full ball.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

failedverbUS /feɪld/

past form of “fail” — fail to do something; leave something undone

From this reading The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.

fallingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlɪŋ/

decreasing in amount or degree

From this reading Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.

finishedadjectiveUS /ˈfɪnɪʃt/

(of materials or goods) brought to the desired final state

From this reading Larkwell and Nagel had finished the airlock.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading The earth was no longer a round full ball.

giantnounUS /ˈdʒaɪənt/

any creature of exceptional size

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

gibbousadjective

characteristic of or suffering from kyphosis, an abnormality of the vertebral column

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

glownounUS /ɡloʊ/

an alert and refreshed state

From this reading Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Larkwell and Nagel had finished the airlock.

humpbackedadjective

characteristic of or suffering from kyphosis, an abnormality of the vertebral column

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

ItsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.

Larkwell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Larkwell and Nagel had finished the airlock.

leaksnounUS /liːks/

plural of “leak” — an accidental hole that allows something (fluid or light etc.) to enter or escape

From this reading The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

locateverbUS /ˈloʊkeɪt/

discover the location of; determine the place of; find by searching or examining

From this reading The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading The earth was no longer a round full ball.

lunaradjectiveUS /ˈluːnər/

of or relating to or associated with the moon

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

massnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

milk-whiteadjective

of a white the color of fresh milk

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

minutenounUS /ˈmɪnət/

a unit of time equal to 60 seconds or 1/60th of an hour

From this reading The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.

Nagel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Larkwell and Nagel had finished the airlock.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The earth was no longer a round full ball.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.

outliningverbUS /ˈaʊtlaɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “outline” — describe roughly or briefly or give the main points or summary of

From this reading Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.

radiancenounUS /ˈreɪdiːəns/

the amount of electromagnetic radiation leaving or arriving at a point on a surface

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

reflectedadjectiveUS /rɪˈflektɪd/

(especially of incident sound or light) bent or sent back

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

rocketnounUS /ˈrɑːkət/

any vehicle self-propelled by a rocket engine

From this reading The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading The earth was no longer a round full ball.

serveverbUS /sɜːrv/

serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.

sheennounUS /ʃiːn/

the visual property of something that shines with reflected light

From this reading Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

softadjectiveUS /sɑːft/

yielding readily to pressure or weight

From this reading Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.

spacenounUS /speɪs/

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.

starsnounUS /stɑːrz/

plural of “star” — (astronomy) a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

structuresnounUS /ˈstrʌktʃərz/

plural of “structure” — a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts

From this reading Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.

sufficientlyadverbUS /səˈfɪʃəntli/

to a sufficient degree

From this reading The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.

sweptadjectiveUS /swept/

possessing sweep

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

testedadjectiveUS /ˈtestɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The earth was no longer a round full ball.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The rocket had been tested and, despite a few minute leaks they had failed to locate, the space cabin was sufficiently airtight to serve their purpose.

twistedadjectiveUS /ˈtwɪstɪd/

having an intended meaning altered or misrepresented

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The earth was no longer a round full ball.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading It was a gibbous mass of milk-white light, humpbacked, a twisted giant in the sky whose reflected radiance swept the lunar night and dimmed even the brightest of the stars.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Its beacon swept out through space, falling in Crater Arzachel with a soft creamy sheen, outlining the structures of the plain with its dim glow.

Chapter 20 of First on the Moon by Jeff Sutton holds 312 sentences, grouped into 63 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of First on the Moon contain?

Chapter 20 holds 312 sentences of First on the Moon, unabridged, divided into 63 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of First on the Moon by Jeff Sutton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 312 sentences, grouped into 63 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of First on the Moon?

Work through the 63 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 63 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading First on the Moon

Common questions about reading First on the Moon by Jeff Sutton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of First on the Moon?

Yes. All 5657 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #43235 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of First on the Moon is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #43235, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does First on the Moon take to read?

About 471 minutes of reading across 1132 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read First on the Moon section by section

How to work through First on the Moon section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of First on the Moon to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in First on the Moon

Words and structures a reader meets early in First on the Moon, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Books
A word that appears in the opening chapter of First on the Moon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Avenue
A word that appears in the opening chapter of First on the Moon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Americas
A word that appears in the opening chapter of First on the Moon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Scrutinized
A word that appears in the opening chapter of First on the Moon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.