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First Plays
First Plays

Chapter I

Cover illustration for First Plays
Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.
They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.
To his other responsibilities the Kaiser now adds this volume.
For these plays were not the work of a professional writer, but the recreation of a (temporary) professional soldier.
Play-writing is a luxury to a journalist, as insidious as golf and much more expensive in time and money.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

First Plays

Chapter I

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.
Line 2
They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.
Line 3
To his other responsibilities the Kaiser now adds this volume.
Line 4
For these plays were not the work of a professional writer, but the recreation of a (temporary) professional soldier.
Line 5
Play-writing is a luxury to a journalist, as insidious as golf and much more expensive in time and money.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Although noun US /ˈalthough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.”

During preposition US /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading “These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.”

Order noun US /order/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.”

These determiner US /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading “These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.”

Time noun US /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Play-writing is a luxury to a journalist, as insidious as golf and much more expensive in time and money.”

Would modal verb US /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1916

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.

1917

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading For these plays were not the work of a professional writer, but the recreation of a (temporary) professional soldier.

adds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To his other responsibilities the Kaiser now adds this volume.

althoughnounUS /ˈalthough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.

appear

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Play-writing is a luxury to a journalist, as insidious as golf and much more expensive in time and money.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading For these plays were not the work of a professional writer, but the recreation of a (temporary) professional soldier.

concerned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.

expensive

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Play-writing is a luxury to a journalist, as insidious as golf and much more expensive in time and money.

five

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.

golf

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Play-writing is a luxury to a journalist, as insidious as golf and much more expensive in time and money.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.

hardly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading To his other responsibilities the Kaiser now adds this volume.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.

insidious

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Play-writing is a luxury to a journalist, as insidious as golf and much more expensive in time and money.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.

journalist

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Play-writing is a luxury to a journalist, as insidious as golf and much more expensive in time and money.

Kaiser

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To his other responsibilities the Kaiser now adds this volume.

luxury

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Play-writing is a luxury to a journalist, as insidious as golf and much more expensive in time and money.

money

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Play-writing is a luxury to a journalist, as insidious as golf and much more expensive in time and money.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Play-writing is a luxury to a journalist, as insidious as golf and much more expensive in time and money.

much

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Play-writing is a luxury to a journalist, as insidious as golf and much more expensive in time and money.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.

only

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.

ordernounUS /order/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.

other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To his other responsibilities the Kaiser now adds this volume.

Play-writing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Play-writing is a luxury to a journalist, as insidious as golf and much more expensive in time and money.

plays

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.

professional

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For these plays were not the work of a professional writer, but the recreation of a (temporary) professional soldier.

recreation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For these plays were not the work of a professional writer, but the recreation of a (temporary) professional soldier.

responsibilities

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To his other responsibilities the Kaiser now adds this volume.

soldier

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For these plays were not the work of a professional writer, but the recreation of a (temporary) professional soldier.

subject

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.

temporary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For these plays were not the work of a professional writer, but the recreation of a (temporary) professional soldier.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading To his other responsibilities the Kaiser now adds this volume.

timenounUS /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Play-writing is a luxury to a journalist, as insidious as golf and much more expensive in time and money.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading To his other responsibilities the Kaiser now adds this volume.

volume

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To his other responsibilities the Kaiser now adds this volume.

war

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.

work

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For these plays were not the work of a professional writer, but the recreation of a (temporary) professional soldier.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading They would hardly have been written had it not been for the war, although only one of them is concerned with that subject.

writer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For these plays were not the work of a professional writer, but the recreation of a (temporary) professional soldier.

written

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.

years

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These five plays were written, in the order in which they appear now, during the years 1916 and 1917.