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Five years of youth
Five years of youth

Chapter IV · Pleasure or Pain?

Chapter IV of Five years of youth, “Pleasure or Pain?,” is here in full — 175 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/35 · 5 lines
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At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.
That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.
Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.
Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.
Presently the young ladies were mounted, and patting the necks of their steeds to sooth them till the signal of departure should be given.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Five years of youth

Chapter IV · Pleasure or Pain?

Chapter IV of Five years of youth, “Pleasure or Pain?,” is here in full — 175 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.
Line 2
That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.
/ðæt pɑːrt ʌv ðə ˌpɑːpjəˈleɪʃən ɪz ment wɪtʃ wɑːz drest ənd ɑːn fʊt baɪ eɪt əˈklɑːk fɔːr ðə ɡruːmz ənd ðə ˈkoʊtʃmən wɜːr ˈveri ˈpʌŋktʃuːəl/
Line 3
Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.
Line 4
Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.
Line 5
Presently the young ladies were mounted, and patting the necks of their steeds to sooth them till the signal of departure should be given.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

apprentice noun US /əˈprentəs/

works for an expert to learn a trade

From this reading “Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.”

assemble verb US /əˈsembəl/

create by putting components or members together

From this reading “At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.”

grooms noun US /ɡruːmz/

plural of “groom” — a man participant in his own marriage ceremony

From this reading “That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.”

nesting verb US /ˈnestɪŋ/

-ing form of “nest” — inhabit a nest, usually after building

From this reading “Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.”

patting verb US /ˈpætɪŋ/

inflected form of “pat” — pat or squeeze fondly or playfully, especially under the chin

From this reading “Presently the young ladies were mounted, and patting the necks of their steeds to sooth them till the signal of departure should be given.”

punctual adjective US /ˈpʌŋktʃuːəl/

acting or arriving or performed exactly at the time appointed

From this reading “That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.”

steeds noun US /stiːdz/

plural of “steed” — (literary) a spirited horse for state of war

From this reading “Presently the young ladies were mounted, and patting the necks of their steeds to sooth them till the signal of departure should be given.”

workman noun US /ˈwɜːrkmən/

an employee who performs manual or industrial labor

From this reading “Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

young ladies adjective + noun counted as “young lady”

a young female

In this reading “Presently the young ladies were mounted, and patting the necks of their steeds to sooth them till the signal of departure should be given.”

stood leaning verb + adjective

In this reading “Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.”

old man adjective + noun

a man who is very old

In this reading “Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.”

for the purpose preposition + article + noun counted as “for … purpose”

In this reading “At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.”

At the sight preposition + article + noun counted as “at … sight”

In this reading “At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.”

lingered in verb + particle counted as “linger in”

In this reading “Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.”

on foot preposition + noun

In this reading “That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.”

All words in this reading · 108

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

apprenticenounUS /əˈprentəs/

works for an expert to learn a trade

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

assembleverbUS /əˈsembəl/

create by putting components or members together

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

basketnounUS /ˈbæskət/

a container that is usually woven and has handles

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

birdsnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.

Byerley's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

carriagenounUS /ˈkærɪdʒ/

a railcar where passengers ride

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

carriage-seat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

church-yard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

coachmannounUS /ˈkoʊtʃmən/

a man who drives a coach (or carriage)

From this reading That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.

companynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

departurenounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtʃər/

the act of departing

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

destinedadjectiveUS /ˈdestɪnd/

headed or intending to head in a certain direction; often used as a combining form as in “college-bound students”

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

dressedadjectiveUS /drest/

dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination

From this reading That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

frailadjectiveUS /freɪl/

physically weak

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading Presently the young ladies were mounted, and patting the necks of their steeds to sooth them till the signal of departure should be given.

glimpsenounUS /ɡlɪmps/

a quick look

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

groomsnounUS /ɡruːmz/

plural of “groom” — a man participant in his own marriage ceremony

From this reading That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

hopesnounUS /hoʊps/

plural of “hope” — a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

ladiesnounUS /ˈleɪdiz/

plural of “lady” — a polite name for any woman

From this reading Presently the young ladies were mounted, and patting the necks of their steeds to sooth them till the signal of departure should be given.

leaningadjectiveUS /ˈliːnɪŋ/

departing or being caused to depart from the true vertical or horizontal

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

lingeredverbUS /ˈlɪŋɡərd/

past form of “linger” — remain present although waning or gradually dying

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

meantverbUS /ment/

inflected form of “mean” — mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.

milliner's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

mountedadjectiveUS /ˈmaʊntəd/

assembled for use; especially by being attached to a support

From this reading Presently the young ladies were mounted, and patting the necks of their steeds to sooth them till the signal of departure should be given.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

necksnounUS /neks/

plural of “neck” — the part of an organism (human or animal) that connects the head to the rest of the body

From this reading Presently the young ladies were mounted, and patting the necks of their steeds to sooth them till the signal of departure should be given.

nestingverbUS /ˈnestɪŋ/

-ing form of “nest” — inhabit a nest, usually after building

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

o'clockadverbUS /əˈklɑːk/

according to the clock

From this reading That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.

packedadjectiveUS /pækt/

extremely crowed or filled to capacity

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

pattingverbUS /ˈpætɪŋ/

inflected form of “pat” — pat or squeeze fondly or playfully, especially under the chin

From this reading Presently the young ladies were mounted, and patting the necks of their steeds to sooth them till the signal of departure should be given.

pony's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

populationnounUS /ˌpɑːpjəˈleɪʃən/

the people who inhabit a territory or state

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

PresentlyadverbUS /ˈprezəntli/

in the near future

From this reading Presently the young ladies were mounted, and patting the necks of their steeds to sooth them till the signal of departure should be given.

provisionnounUS /prəˈvɪʒən/

a stipulated condition

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

punctualadjectiveUS /ˈpʌŋktʃuːəl/

acting or arriving or performed exactly at the time appointed

From this reading That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

rearedverbUS /rɪrd/

past form of “rear” — stand up on the hind legs, of quadrupeds

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

ridersnounUS /ˈraɪdərz/

plural of “rider” — a traveler who actively rides an animal (as a horse or camel)

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

saddle-horses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Presently the young ladies were mounted, and patting the necks of their steeds to sooth them till the signal of departure should be given.

shoulderverbUS /ˈʃoʊldər/

lift onto one's shoulders

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

side-saddles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

signalnounUS /ˈsɪɡnəl/

any nonverbal action or gesture that encodes a message

From this reading Presently the young ladies were mounted, and patting the necks of their steeds to sooth them till the signal of departure should be given.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

soothnoun

truth or reality

From this reading Presently the young ladies were mounted, and patting the necks of their steeds to sooth them till the signal of departure should be given.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

speculationnounUS /ˌspekjəˈleɪʃən/

a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

staffnounUS /stæf/

personnel who assist their superior in carrying out an assigned task

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

steedsnounUS /stiːdz/

plural of “steed” — (literary) a spirited horse for state of war

From this reading Presently the young ladies were mounted, and patting the necks of their steeds to sooth them till the signal of departure should be given.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Presently the young ladies were mounted, and patting the necks of their steeds to sooth them till the signal of departure should be given.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Presently the young ladies were mounted, and patting the necks of their steeds to sooth them till the signal of departure should be given.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Presently the young ladies were mounted, and patting the necks of their steeds to sooth them till the signal of departure should be given.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

toolsnounUS /tuːlz/

plural of “tool” — an implement used in the practice of a vocation

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

undertakenverbUS /ˈʌndərteɪkən/

inflected form of “undertake” — enter upon an activity or enterprise

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

watchverbUS /wɑːtʃ/

look attentively

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading At the sight of four saddle-horses and a carriage at Mr. Byerley’s door, the population of A—— began to assemble for the purpose of speculation as to what sort of a journey was about to be undertaken.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading That part of the population is meant, which was dressed and on foot by eight o’clock; for the grooms and the coachman were very punctual.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Here, a milliner’s apprentice lingered in hopes of a glimpse of the riders for whom the side-saddles were destined; and there, an old man who was going to sun himself in the church-yard, stood leaning on his staff, to watch the departure of the company.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

workmannounUS /ˈwɜːrkmən/

an employee who performs manual or industrial labor

From this reading Here, a workman with his frail basket of tools on his shoulder stood to see the provision packed in under the carriage-seat; there, a boy who had been birds’-nesting passed so close before the pony’s eyes, that it reared.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Presently the young ladies were mounted, and patting the necks of their steeds to sooth them till the signal of departure should be given.

Chapter 4 of Five years of youth by Harriet Martineau holds 175 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Five years of youth contain?

Chapter 4 holds 175 sentences of Five years of youth, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Five years of youth by Harriet Martineau exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 175 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Five years of youth?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Five years of youth

Common questions about reading Five years of youth by Harriet Martineau on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Five years of youth?

Yes. All 2021 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #71156 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Five years of youth is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #71156, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Five years of youth take to read?

About 168 minutes of reading across 405 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Five years of youth

Words and structures a reader meets early in Five years of youth, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Years
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Five years of youth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Youth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Five years of youth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sense
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Five years of youth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sentiment
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Five years of youth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.