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Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes
Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes is here in full — 109 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes
Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
SUGGESTIONS TO SPORTSMEN.
The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.
The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.
The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.
The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes is here in full — 109 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SUGGESTIONS TO SPORTSMEN.
/səˈdʒestʃənz tuː ˈspɔːrtsmɪn/
Line 2
The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.
Line 3
The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.
Line 4
The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.
/ðə ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəl huː ˈhævɪŋ treɪnd ə hɔːrs ʌp tuː ðə ˈfaɪnəst kənˈdɪʃən ʌv ækˈtɪvəti ənd ˈendərəns draɪvz ɔːr raɪdz hɪm ˈʌndər læʃ ənd spɜːr raʊnd ə kɔːrs tuː wɪn ə sʌm ʌv ˈmʌni ˌɔːlˈðoʊ hiː meɪ kɔːl hɪmˈself ə ˈspɔːrtsmən ɪz ˈrɪli ə ˈbɪznəs mæn/
Line 5
The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

appropriateness noun US /əˈproʊpriətnəs/

appropriate conduct; doing the right thing

From this reading “The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.”

backwoodsman noun US /ˈbæˈkwʊdzmən/

a man who lives on the frontier

From this reading “The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.”

cheats noun US /tʃiːts/

plural of “cheat” — weedy annual grass often occurs in grainfields and other cultivated land; seeds sometimes considered poisonous

From this reading “The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.”

converting verb US /kənˈvɜːrtɪŋ/

-ing form of “convert” — change from one system to another or to a new plan or policy

From this reading “The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.”

debased adjective US /dəˈbeɪst/

mixed with impurities

From this reading “The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.”

misapplied verb US /ˌmɪsəˈplaɪd/

inflected form of “misapply” — apply to a wrong thing or person; apply badly or incorrectly

From this reading “The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.”

restricted adjective US /riˈstrɪktəd/

subject to restriction or subjected to restriction

From this reading “The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.”

sportsmen noun US /ˈspɔːrtsmɪn/

plural of “sportsman” — someone who engages in sports

From this reading “SUGGESTIONS TO SPORTSMEN.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

miserable wretch adjective + noun

In this reading “The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.”

human nature adjective + noun

the shared psychological attributes of humankind that are assumed to be shared by all human beings

In this reading “The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.”

mighty hunter adjective + noun

In this reading “The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.”

most contemptible adverb + adjective

In this reading “The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.”

business man noun + noun

In this reading “The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.”

with a view preposition + article + noun counted as “with … view”

In this reading “The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.”

All words in this reading · 133

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

abusedadjectiveUS /əˈbjuːzd/

used improperly or excessively especially drugs

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

activitynounUS /ækˈtɪvəti/

any specific behavior

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

appropriatenessnounUS /əˈproʊpriətnəs/

appropriate conduct; doing the right thing

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

associationsnounUS /əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “association” — a formal organization of people or groups of people

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

attacksnounUS /əˈtæks/

plural of “attack” — (military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons)

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

backwoodsmannounUS /ˈbæˈkwʊdzmən/

a man who lives on the frontier

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

buffalonounUS /ˈbʌfəloʊ/

large shaggy-haired brown bison of North American plains

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

callsnounUS /kɔːlz/

plural of “call” — a telephone connection

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

certaintynounUS /ˈsɜːrtənti/

the state of being certain

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

chancenounUS /tʃæns/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

cheatverbUS /tʃiːt/

deprive somebody of something by deceit

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

cheatsnounUS /tʃiːts/

plural of “cheat” — weedy annual grass often occurs in grainfields and other cultivated land; seeds sometimes considered poisonous

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

consciencenounUS /ˈkɑːnʃəns/

motivation deriving logically from ethical or moral principles that govern a person's thoughts and actions

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

contemptibleadjectiveUS /kənˈtemptəbəl/

deserving of contempt or scorn

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

convertingverbUS /kənˈvɜːrtɪŋ/

-ing form of “convert” — change from one system to another or to a new plan or policy

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

daringnounUS /ˈderɪŋ/

a challenge to do something dangerous or foolhardy

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

debasedadjectiveUS /dəˈbeɪst/

mixed with impurities

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

deernounUS /dɪr/

distinguished from Bovidae by the male's having solid deciduous antlers

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

degradedadjectiveUS /dɪˈɡreɪdəd/

unrestrained by convention or morality

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

dishonestadjectiveUS /dɪˈsɑːnəst/

deceptive or fraudulent; disposed to cheat or defraud or deceive

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

drivesnounUS /draɪvz/

plural of “drive” — the act of applying force to propel something

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

eatverbUS /iːt/

take in solid food

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

elegantadjectiveUS /ˈeləɡənt/

refined and tasteful in appearance or behavior or style

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

elknounUS /elk/

large northern deer with enormous flattened antlers in the male; called “elk” in Europe and “moose” in North America

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

endurancenounUS /ˈendərəns/

the power to withstand hardship or stress

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

extendedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstendəd/

relatively long in duration; tediously protracted

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

FaradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

finestadjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnəst/

superlative of “fine” — being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

fleetnounUS /fliːt/

group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

followsverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊz/

third-person singular of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

formidableadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmədəbəl/

extremely impressive in strength or excellence

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

gamenounUS /ɡeɪm/

a contest with rules to determine a winner

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

gamesnounUS /ɡeɪmz/

plural of “game” — a contest with rules to determine a winner

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

grizzlynounUS /ˈɡrɪzli/

powerful brownish-yellow bear of the uplands of western North America

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

hunternounUS /ˈhʌntər/

someone who hunts game

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

ill-treatedadjective

subjected to cruel treatment

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

improperadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈprɑːpər/

not suitable or right or appropriate

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

individualadjectiveUS /ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

killsnounUS /kɪlz/

plural of “kill” — the act of terminating a life

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

lashverbUS /læʃ/

beat severely with a whip or rod

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

livesnounUS /lɪvz/

plural of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

market-gunner

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

massnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

mattersnounUS /ˈmætərz/

plural of “matter” — a vaguely specified concern

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

mightyadjectiveUS /ˈmaɪti/

having or showing great strength or force or intensity

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

misappliedverbUS /ˌmɪsəˈplaɪd/

inflected form of “misapply” — apply to a wrong thing or person; apply badly or incorrectly

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

miserableadjectiveUS /ˈmɪzərəbəl/

very unhappy; full of misery

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

objectsnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekts/

plural of “object” — a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

passionnounUS /ˈpæʃən/

a strong feeling or emotion

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

pot-hunter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

practisedadjectiveUS /ˈpræktɪst/

skillful after much practice

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

pureadjectiveUS /pjʊr/

free of extraneous elements of any kind

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

refinedadjectiveUS /rəˈfaɪnd/

(used of persons and their behavior) cultivated and genteel

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

restrictedadjectiveUS /riˈstrɪktəd/

subject to restriction or subjected to restriction

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

ridesnounUS /raɪdz/

plural of “ride” — a journey in a vehicle (usually an automobile)

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

rulesnounUS /ruːlz/

plural of “rule” — a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

sellingnounUS /ˈselɪŋ/

the exchange of goods for an agreed sum of money

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

shootsnounUS /ʃuːts/

plural of “shoot” — a new branch

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

significancenounUS /səɡˈnɪfɪkəns/

the quality of being significant

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

significationnoun

the message that is intended or expressed or signified

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

skillnounUS /skɪl/

an ability that has been acquired by training

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

so-calledadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊˈkɔːld/

doubtful or suspect

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

sportnounUS /spɔːrt/

an active diversion requiring physical exertion and competition

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

sportingadjectiveUS /ˈspɔːrtɪŋ/

exhibiting or calling for sportsmanship or fair play

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

sportsmannounUS /ˈspɔːrtsmən/

someone who engages in sports

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

SPORTSMENnounUS /ˈspɔːrtsmɪn/

plural of “sportsman” — someone who engages in sports

From this reading SUGGESTIONS TO SPORTSMEN.

spurnounUS /spɜːr/

a verbalization that encourages you to attempt something

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

SUGGESTIONSnounUS /səˈdʒestʃənz/

plural of “suggestion” — an idea that is suggested

From this reading SUGGESTIONS TO SPORTSMEN.

sumnounUS /sʌm/

a quantity of money

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

timidadjectiveUS /ˈtɪmɪd/

showing fear and lack of confidence

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading SUGGESTIONS TO SPORTSMEN.

trainedadjectiveUS /treɪnd/

shaped or conditioned or disciplined by training; often used as a combining form

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

unfairadjectiveUS /ənˈfer/

not fair; marked by injustice or partiality or deception

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

unworthyadjectiveUS /ənˈwɜːrði/

lacking in value or merit

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

vulgaradjectiveUS /ˈvʌlɡər/

lacking refinement or cultivation or taste

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

WestnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading The daring backwoodsman of the Far West, who follows the fleet elk or timid deer, and who attacks the formidable buffalo or grizzly bear, is less a sportsman than a mighty hunter; the man who shoots with a view of selling his game is a market-gunner; and he who kills that he may eat is a pot-hunter.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

winverbUS /wɪn/

be the winner in a contest or competition; be victorious

From this reading The individual who, having trained a horse up to the finest condition of activity and endurance, drives or rides him under lash and spur round a course to win a sum of money, although he may call himself a sportsman, is really a business man.

winningadjectiveUS /ˈwɪnɪŋ/

having won

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading The word “sport” has been more abused, ill-treated, and misapplied than any other in our language; of a high, pure, and noble signification, it has been debased to unworthy objects; of a restricted and refined significance, it has been extended to a mass of improper matters; from its natural elegant appropriateness, it has been degraded to vulgar and dishonest associations.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

wretchnounUS /retʃ/

performs some wicked deed

From this reading The miserable wretch who lives on the most contemptible passion in human nature, and with practised skill cheats those who would cheat him--winning by the unfair rules of games, so-called, of chance--or, with less conscience, converting that chance into a certainty, calls himself a sporting man.

Chapter 14 of Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes by Robert Barnwell Roosevelt holds 109 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 14 of Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the contain?

Chapter 14 holds 109 sentences of Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 14 of Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes by Robert Barnwell Roosevelt exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 109 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 14 of Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 14 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 14 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes

Common questions about reading Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes by Robert Barnwell Roosevelt on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes?

Yes. All 3422 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #55190 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #55190, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes take to read?

About 285 minutes of reading across 685 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes section by section

How to work through Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 15 chapters of Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes

Words and structures a reader meets early in Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Account
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sporting
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Along
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Seashores
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Florida and the Game Water-Birds of the Atlantic Coast and the Lakes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.