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Folk-lore of Shakespeare
Folk-lore of Shakespeare

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of Folk-lore of Shakespeare is here in full — 256 sentences across 52 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/51 · 5 lines
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INSECTS AND REPTILES.
As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is the poet of nature,” for his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.
Whether life or nature be his subject, Shakespeare shows plainly that he has seen with his own eyes.”
So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.
In numerous cases, also, the peculiarities of certain natural objects have furnished the poet with many excellent metaphors.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Folk-lore of Shakespeare

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of Folk-lore of Shakespeare is here in full — 256 sentences across 52 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/51 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
INSECTS AND REPTILES.
/ˈɪnsekts ənd ˈreptaɪlz/
Line 2
As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare isthe poet of nature,” forhis attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.
Line 3
Whether life or nature be his subject, Shakespeare shows plainly that he has seen with his own eyes.”
/ˈweðər laɪf ɔːr ˈneɪtʃər biː hɪz səbˈdʒekt ˈʃeɪkspiːr ʃoʊz ˈpleɪnli ðæt hiː hæz siːn wɪð hɪz oʊn aɪz/
Line 4
So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.
/soʊ tuː hiː wɑːz ɪn ðə ˈhæbət ʌv ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈmɪnət ˌɑːbzərˈveɪʃən ʌv ðə ˈpɑːpjələr ˈnoʊʃənz rɪˈleɪtɪŋ tuː ˈnætʃərəl ˈhɪstəri soʊ ˈmeni ʌv wɪtʃ hiː hæz ˌɪntrəˈduːst ˈɪntuː hɪz pleɪz ˈjuːzɪŋ ðem tuː noʊ smɔːl ædˈvæntɪdʒ/
Line 5
In numerous cases, also, the peculiarities of certain natural objects have furnished the poet with many excellent metaphors.
/ɪn ˈnuːmərəs ˈkeɪsəz ˈɔːlsoʊ ðə pɪˌkjuːliˈerətiz ʌv ˈsɜːrtən ˈnætʃərəl ˈɑːbdʒekts hæv ˈfɜːrnɪʃt ðə ˈpoʊət wɪð ˈmeni ˈeksələnt ˈmetəfɔːrz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

contemplating verb US /ˈkɑːntəmpleɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “contemplate” — look at thoughtfully; observe deep in thought

From this reading “As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.”

descriptions noun US /dɪˈskrɪpʃənz/

plural of “description” — a statement that represents something in words

From this reading “As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.”

inanimate adjective US /ˌɪˈnænəmət/

belonging to the class of nouns denoting nonliving things

From this reading “As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.”

metaphors noun US /ˈmetəfɔːrz/

plural of “metaphor” — a figure of speech in which an expression is used to refer to something that it does not literally denote in order to suggest a similarity

From this reading “In numerous cases, also, the peculiarities of certain natural objects have furnished the poet with many excellent metaphors.”

peculiarities noun US /pɪˌkjuːliˈerətiz/

plural of “peculiarity” — an odd or unusual characteristic

From this reading “In numerous cases, also, the peculiarities of certain natural objects have furnished the poet with many excellent metaphors.”

peculiarity noun US /pɪˌkjuːliˈerəti/

an odd or unusual characteristic

From this reading “As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.”

reptiles noun US /ˈreptaɪlz/

plural of “reptile” — any cold-blooded vertebrate of the class Reptilia including tortoises, turtles, snakes, lizards, alligators, crocodiles, and extinct forms

From this reading “INSECTS AND REPTILES.”

surveyor noun US /sərˈveɪər/

an engineer who determines the boundaries and elevations of land or structures

From this reading “As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

natural history adjective + noun

the scientific study of plants or animals (more observational than experimental) usually published in popular magazines rather than in academic journals

In this reading “So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.”

shows plainly verb + particle counted as “show plainly”

In this reading “Whether life or nature be his subject, Shakespeare shows plainly that he has seen with his own eyes.””

introduced into verb + particle counted as “introduce into”

In this reading “So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.”

natural objects adjective + noun counted as “natural object”

an object occurring naturally; not made by man

In this reading “In numerous cases, also, the peculiarities of certain natural objects have furnished the poet with many excellent metaphors.”

some peculiarity adjective + noun

In this reading “As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.”

own eyes verb + noun

In this reading “Whether life or nature be his subject, Shakespeare shows plainly that he has seen with his own eyes.””

in the habit preposition + article + noun counted as “in … habit”

In this reading “So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

actionsnounUS /ˈækʃənz/

plural of “action” — something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

advantagenounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒ/

the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading In numerous cases, also, the peculiarities of certain natural objects have furnished the poet with many excellent metaphors.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading INSECTS AND REPTILES.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Whether life or nature be his subject, Shakespeare shows plainly that he has seen with his own eyes.”

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

casesnounUS /ˈkeɪsəz/

plural of “case” — an occurrence of something

From this reading In numerous cases, also, the peculiarities of certain natural objects have furnished the poet with many excellent metaphors.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading In numerous cases, also, the peculiarities of certain natural objects have furnished the poet with many excellent metaphors.

confinedadjectiveUS /kənˈfaɪnd/

not invading healthy tissue

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

contemplatingverbUS /ˈkɑːntəmpleɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “contemplate” — look at thoughtfully; observe deep in thought

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

descriptionsnounUS /dɪˈskrɪpʃənz/

plural of “description” — a statement that represents something in words

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

Dr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

exactadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzækt/

Strictly particular and correct.

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

excellentadjectiveUS /ˈeksələnt/

very good; of the highest quality

From this reading In numerous cases, also, the peculiarities of certain natural objects have furnished the poet with many excellent metaphors.

existverbUS /ɪɡˈzɪst/

have an existence, be extant

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Whether life or nature be his subject, Shakespeare shows plainly that he has seen with his own eyes.”

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

furnishedadjectiveUS /ˈfɜːrnɪʃt/

provided with whatever is necessary for a purpose (as furniture or equipment or authority)

From this reading In numerous cases, also, the peculiarities of certain natural objects have furnished the poet with many excellent metaphors.

gatheredadjectiveUS /ˈɡæðərd/

brought together in one place

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

habitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

inanimateadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈnænəmət/

belonging to the class of nouns denoting nonliving things

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

INSECTSnounUS /ˈɪnsekts/

plural of “insect” — small air-breathing arthropod

From this reading INSECTS AND REPTILES.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

introducedverbUS /ˌɪntrəˈduːst/

past form of “introduce” — cause to come to know personally

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

JohnsonnounUS /ˈdʒɑːnsən/

English writer and lexicographer (1709-1784)

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Whether life or nature be his subject, Shakespeare shows plainly that he has seen with his own eyes.”

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

metaphorsnounUS /ˈmetəfɔːrz/

plural of “metaphor” — a figure of speech in which an expression is used to refer to something that it does not literally denote in order to suggest a similarity

From this reading In numerous cases, also, the peculiarities of certain natural objects have furnished the poet with many excellent metaphors.

minutenounUS /ˈmɪnət/

a unit of time equal to 60 seconds or 1/60th of an hour

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

notionsnounUS /ˈnoʊʃənz/

plural of “notion” — a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

numerousadjectiveUS /ˈnuːmərəs/

amounting to a large indefinite number

From this reading In numerous cases, also, the peculiarities of certain natural objects have furnished the poet with many excellent metaphors.

objectsnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekts/

plural of “object” — a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading In numerous cases, also, the peculiarities of certain natural objects have furnished the poet with many excellent metaphors.

observationnounUS /ˌɑːbzərˈveɪʃən/

the act of making and recording a measurement

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Whether life or nature be his subject, Shakespeare shows plainly that he has seen with his own eyes.”

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Whether life or nature be his subject, Shakespeare shows plainly that he has seen with his own eyes.”

peculiaritiesnounUS /pɪˌkjuːliˈerətiz/

plural of “peculiarity” — an odd or unusual characteristic

From this reading In numerous cases, also, the peculiarities of certain natural objects have furnished the poet with many excellent metaphors.

peculiaritynounUS /pɪˌkjuːliˈerəti/

an odd or unusual characteristic

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

plainlyadverbUS /ˈpleɪnli/

unmistakably (“plain” is often used informally for “plainly”)

From this reading Whether life or nature be his subject, Shakespeare shows plainly that he has seen with his own eyes.”

playsnounUS /pleɪz/

plural of “play” — a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

poetnounUS /ˈpoʊət/

a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

popularadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːpjələr/

regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

relatingverbUS /rɪˈleɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “relate” — make a logical or causal connection

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

remarkedverbUS /rɪˈmɑːrkt/

past form of “remark” — make mention of

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

REPTILESnounUS /ˈreptaɪlz/

plural of “reptile” — any cold-blooded vertebrate of the class Reptilia including tortoises, turtles, snakes, lizards, alligators, crocodiles, and extinct forms

From this reading INSECTS AND REPTILES.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Whether life or nature be his subject, Shakespeare shows plainly that he has seen with his own eyes.”

ShakespearenounUS /ˈʃeɪkspiːr/

English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

showsnounUS /ʃoʊz/

plural of “show” — the act of publicly exhibiting or entertaining

From this reading Whether life or nature be his subject, Shakespeare shows plainly that he has seen with his own eyes.”

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading Whether life or nature be his subject, Shakespeare shows plainly that he has seen with his own eyes.”

surveyornounUS /sərˈveɪər/

an engineer who determines the boundaries and elevations of land or structures

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Whether life or nature be his subject, Shakespeare shows plainly that he has seen with his own eyes.”

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

trulyadverbUS /ˈtruːli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

usingnounUS /ˈjuːzɪŋ/

an act that exploits or victimizes someone (treats them unfairly)

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

WhetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Whether life or nature be his subject, Shakespeare shows plainly that he has seen with his own eyes.”

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading So, too, he was in the habit of taking minute observation of the popular notions relating to natural history, so many of which he has introduced into his plays, using them to no small advantage.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Whether life or nature be his subject, Shakespeare shows plainly that he has seen with his own eyes.”

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading As Dr. Johnson has truly remarked, Shakespeare is “the poet of nature,” for “his attention was not confined to the actions of men; he was an exact surveyor of the inanimate world; his descriptions have always some peculiarity, gathered by contemplating things as they really exist.

Chapter 9 of Folk-lore of Shakespeare by T. F. (Thomas Firminger) Thiselton-Dyer holds 256 sentences, grouped into 52 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of Folk-lore of Shakespeare contain?

Chapter 9 holds 256 sentences of Folk-lore of Shakespeare, unabridged, divided into 52 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of Folk-lore of Shakespeare by T. F. (Thomas Firminger) Thiselton-Dyer exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 256 sentences, grouped into 52 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of Folk-lore of Shakespeare?

Work through the 52 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 52 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Folk-lore of Shakespeare

Common questions about reading Folk-lore of Shakespeare by T. F. (Thomas Firminger) Thiselton-Dyer on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Folk-lore of Shakespeare?

Yes. All 9486 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #32183 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Folk-lore of Shakespeare is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #32183, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Folk-lore of Shakespeare take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1898 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Folk-lore of Shakespeare section by section

How to work through Folk-lore of Shakespeare section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of Folk-lore of Shakespeare to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Folk-lore of Shakespeare

Words and structures a reader meets early in Folk-lore of Shakespeare, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Thiselton
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Folk-lore of Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Folk-lore of Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
British
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Folk-lore of Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Popular
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Folk-lore of Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.