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For the Defence
For the Defence

Chapter VIII · A Cry in the Night

Chapter VIII of For the Defence, “A Cry in the Night,” is here in full — 147 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
So far the reader may wonder at the constituent elements of this story.
African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.
But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.
Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.
Tragical, certainly; for herein the elements of comedy seem to be wanting.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

For the Defence

Chapter VIII · A Cry in the Night

Chapter VIII of For the Defence, “A Cry in the Night,” is here in full — 147 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
So far the reader may wonder at the constituent elements of this story.
/soʊ fɑːr ðə ˈriːdər meɪ ˈwʌndər æt ðə kənˈstɪtʃuːənt ˈeləmənts ʌv ðɪs ˈstɔːri/
Line 2
African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.
/ˈæfrəkən ˈwɪtʃkræft mɪˈstɪriəs ˈstreɪndʒərz ənd bɑːrˈbærɪk ˈwɪmən siːm tuː biː aʊt ʌv pleɪs wen set ɪn ðə ˈsoʊbər ˈfreɪmwɜːrk ʌv æn ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ prəˈvɪnʃəl taʊn/
Line 3
But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.
/bʌt roʊˈmæns ɪz nɑːt dɪˈpendənt əˈpɑːn ˈlændskeɪp ɔːr ɑːn sərˈaʊndɪŋz fɔːr ɪts əˈkɜːrəns ɪt ɪz tuː biː faʊnd ˈevriwer ənd ˈveri ˈɔːfən ɪn ðə moʊst ənˈlaɪkli ˈpleɪsəz/
Line 4
Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.
Line 5
Tragical, certainly; for herein the elements of comedy seem to be wanting.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

barbaric adjective US /bɑːrˈbærɪk/

without civilizing influences

From this reading “African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.”

constituent noun US /kənˈstɪtʃuːənt/

an artifact that is one of the individual parts of which a composite entity is made up; especially a part that can be separated from or attached to a system

From this reading “So far the reader may wonder at the constituent elements of this story.”

dependent adjective US /dɪˈpendənt/

relying on or requiring a person or thing for support, supply, or what is needed

From this reading “But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.”

framework noun US /ˈfreɪmwɜːrk/

a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process

From this reading “African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.”

herein adverb US /hɪˈrɪn/

in this place or thing or document

From this reading “Tragical, certainly; for herein the elements of comedy seem to be wanting.”

provincial adjective US /prəˈvɪnʃəl/

of or associated with a province

From this reading “African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.”

unlikely adjective US /ənˈlaɪkli/

not likely to be true or to occur or to have occurred

From this reading “But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.”

witchcraft noun US /ˈwɪtʃkræft/

the art of sorcery

From this reading “African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

provincial town adjective + noun

In this reading “African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.”

most unlikely adverb + adjective

In this reading “But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.”

mysterious strangers adjective + noun counted as “mysterious stranger”

In this reading “African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.”

for instance preposition + noun

as an example

In this reading “Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.”

unlikely places adjective + noun counted as “unlikely place”

In this reading “But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.”

seemed likely verb + adjective counted as “seem likely”

In this reading “Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.”

in motion preposition + noun

In this reading “Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.”

come together verb + particle

come together, as if in an embrace

In this reading “Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

AfricanadjectiveUS /ˈæfrəkən/

of or relating to the nations of Africa or their peoples

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

arousedadjectiveUS /ərˈaʊzd/

aroused to action

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading So far the reader may wonder at the constituent elements of this story.

barbaricadjectiveUS /bɑːrˈbærɪk/

without civilizing influences

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading Tragical, certainly; for herein the elements of comedy seem to be wanting.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

comedynounUS /ˈkɑːmədi/

light and humorous drama with a happy ending

From this reading Tragical, certainly; for herein the elements of comedy seem to be wanting.

conclusionnounUS /kənˈkluːʒən/

a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

constituentnounUS /kənˈstɪtʃuːənt/

an artifact that is one of the individual parts of which a composite entity is made up; especially a part that can be separated from or attached to a system

From this reading So far the reader may wonder at the constituent elements of this story.

dependentadjectiveUS /dɪˈpendənt/

relying on or requiring a person or thing for support, supply, or what is needed

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

dramanounUS /ˈdrɑːmə/

a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

elementsnounUS /ˈeləmənts/

violent or severe weather (viewed as caused by the action of the four elements)

From this reading So far the reader may wonder at the constituent elements of this story.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

everywhereadverbUS /ˈevriwer/

to or in any or all places

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading So far the reader may wonder at the constituent elements of this story.

FatenounUS /feɪt/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

frameworknounUS /ˈfreɪmwɜːrk/

a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

hereinadverbUS /hɪˈrɪn/

in this place or thing or document

From this reading Tragical, certainly; for herein the elements of comedy seem to be wanting.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

instancenounUS /ˈɪnstəns/

an occurrence of something

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

landscapenounUS /ˈlændskeɪp/

an expanse of scenery that can be seen in a single view

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

likelyadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪkli/

has a good chance of being the case or of coming about

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading So far the reader may wonder at the constituent elements of this story.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

motionnounUS /ˈmoʊʃən/

the use of movements (especially of the hands) to communicate familiar or prearranged signals

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

mysteriousadjectiveUS /mɪˈstɪriəs/

of an obscure nature

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

occurrencenounUS /əˈkɜːrəns/

an event that happens

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading So far the reader may wonder at the constituent elements of this story.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

passionsnounUS /ˈpæʃənz/

plural of “passion” — a strong feeling or emotion

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

provincialadjectiveUS /prəˈvɪnʃəl/

of or associated with a province

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

readernounUS /ˈriːdər/

a person who enjoys reading

From this reading So far the reader may wonder at the constituent elements of this story.

romancenounUS /roʊˈmæns/

a relationship between two lovers

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

seemverbUS /siːm/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So far the reader may wonder at the constituent elements of this story.

soberadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊbər/

not affected by a chemical substance (especially alcohol)

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading So far the reader may wonder at the constituent elements of this story.

strangersnounUS /ˈstreɪndʒərz/

plural of “stranger” — anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

surroundingsnounUS /sərˈaʊndɪŋz/

the environmental condition

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading So far the reader may wonder at the constituent elements of this story.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading So far the reader may wonder at the constituent elements of this story.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

tragicaladjective

very sad; especially involving grief or death or destruction

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

tricknounUS /trɪk/

a cunning or deceitful action or device

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

unlikelyadjectiveUS /ənˈlaɪkli/

not likely to be true or to occur or to have occurred

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading But romance is not dependent upon landscape or on surroundings for its occurrence: it is to be found everywhere, and very often in the most unlikely places.

wantingadjectiveUS /ˈwɑːntɪŋ/

nonexistent

From this reading Tragical, certainly; for herein the elements of comedy seem to be wanting.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

witchcraftnounUS /ˈwɪtʃkræft/

the art of sorcery

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading African witchcraft, mysterious strangers, and barbaric women seem to be out of place when set in the sober framework of an English provincial town.

wondernounUS /ˈwʌndər/

the feeling aroused by something strange and surprising

From this reading So far the reader may wonder at the constituent elements of this story.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Here, for instance, by some trick of Fate, certain people had come together, certain passions had been aroused, and now that the drama had been set in motion, it seemed likely that it would play itself out to a tragical conclusion.

Chapter 8 of For the Defence by Fergus Hume holds 147 sentences, grouped into 30 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of For the Defence contain?

Chapter 8 holds 147 sentences of For the Defence, unabridged, divided into 30 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of For the Defence by Fergus Hume exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 147 sentences, grouped into 30 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of For the Defence?

Work through the 30 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 30 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading For the Defence

Common questions about reading For the Defence by Fergus Hume on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of For the Defence?

Yes. All 4062 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #55420 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of For the Defence is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #55420, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does For the Defence take to read?

About 338 minutes of reading across 813 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read For the Defence section by section

How to work through For the Defence section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of For the Defence to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in For the Defence

Words and structures a reader meets early in For the Defence, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Laurence
A word that appears in the opening chapter of For the Defence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Retired
A word that appears in the opening chapter of For the Defence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Major
A word that appears in the opening chapter of For the Defence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bachelor
A word that appears in the opening chapter of For the Defence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.