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For the Defence
For the Defence

Chapter XV · Cross-Examination

Chapter XV of For the Defence, “Cross-Examination,” is here in full — 147 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Major Jen sprang to his feet with a loud cry.
This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.
Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.
Battersea had not sufficient craft or strength to do such things.
With a shrug of his shoulders the major resumed his seat.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

For the Defence

Chapter XV · Cross-Examination

Chapter XV of For the Defence, “Cross-Examination,” is here in full — 147 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Major Jen sprang to his feet with a loud cry.
Line 2
This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.
Line 3
Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.
Line 4
Battersea had not sufficient craft or strength to do such things.
Line 5
With a shrug of his shoulders the major resumed his seat.
/wɪð ə ʃrʌɡ ʌv hɪz ˈʃoʊldərz ðə ˈmeɪdʒər rɪˈzuːmd hɪz siːt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

declined verb US /dɪˈklaɪnd/

past form of “decline” — grow worse

From this reading “Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.”

emaciated adjective US /ɪˈmeɪʃieɪtɪd/

very thin especially from disease or hunger or cold

From this reading “Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.”

executed adjective US /ˈeksəkjuːtɪd/

put to death as punishment

From this reading “Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.”

recollected verb US /ˌrekəˈlektɪd/

past form of “recollect” — recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection

From this reading “Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.”

shrug noun US /ʃrʌɡ/

a gesture involving the shoulders

From this reading “With a shrug of his shoulders the major resumed his seat.”

stealing noun US /ˈstiːlɪŋ/

the act of taking something from someone unlawfully

From this reading “Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.”

theft noun US /θeft/

the act of taking something from someone unlawfully

From this reading “Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.”

triple verb US /ˈtrɪpəl/

increase threefold

From this reading “Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

for the moment preposition + article + noun counted as “for … moment”

temporarily

In this reading “This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.”

by surprise preposition + noun

In this reading “This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.”

With a shrug preposition + article + noun counted as “with … shrug”

In this reading “With a shrug of his shoulders the major resumed his seat.”

murder of verb + particle

In this reading “Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Major Jen sprang to his feet with a loud cry.

activitynounUS /ækˈtɪvəti/

any specific behavior

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

altogetheradverbUS /ˌɔːltəˈɡeðər/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

Battersea

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.

believeverbUS /bɪˈliːv/

accept as true; take to be true

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.

conceivedverbUS /kənˈsiːvd/

past form of “conceive” — have the idea for

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

craftnounUS /kræft/

the skilled practice of a practical occupation

From this reading Battersea had not sufficient craft or strength to do such things.

creaturenounUS /ˈkriːtʃər/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

crimenounUS /kraɪm/

(criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

criminaladjectiveUS /ˈkrɪmənəl/

bringing or deserving severe rebuke or censure

From this reading This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.

cryverbUS /kraɪ/

utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading Major Jen sprang to his feet with a loud cry.

declinedverbUS /dɪˈklaɪnd/

past form of “decline” — grow worse

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

devil-stick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Battersea had not sufficient craft or strength to do such things.

emaciatedadjectiveUS /ɪˈmeɪʃieɪtɪd/

very thin especially from disease or hunger or cold

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

executedadjectiveUS /ˈeksəkjuːtɪd/

put to death as punishment

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

feebleadjectiveUS /ˈfiːbəl/

pathetically lacking in force or effectiveness

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading Major Jen sprang to his feet with a loud cry.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Battersea had not sufficient craft or strength to do such things.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Major Jen sprang to his feet with a loud cry.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

informationnounUS /ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən/

a message received and understood

From this reading This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.

intelligencenounUS /ˌɪnˈtelədʒəns/

the ability to comprehend; to understand and profit from experience

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

Jen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Major Jen sprang to his feet with a loud cry.

loudadjectiveUS /laʊd/

characterized by or producing sound of great volume or intensity

From this reading Major Jen sprang to his feet with a loud cry.

MajoradjectiveUS /ˈmeɪdʒər/

of greater importance or stature or rank

From this reading Major Jen sprang to his feet with a loud cry.

Maurice

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.

murderverbUS /ˈmɜːrdər/

kill intentionally and with premeditation

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Battersea had not sufficient craft or strength to do such things.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Battersea had not sufficient craft or strength to do such things.

recalledverbUS /rɪˈkɔːld/

past form of “recall” — recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

recollectedverbUS /ˌrekəˈlektɪd/

past form of “recollect” — recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

resumedverbUS /rɪˈzuːmd/

past form of “resume” — take up or begin anew

From this reading With a shrug of his shoulders the major resumed his seat.

seatnounUS /siːt/

a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane)

From this reading With a shrug of his shoulders the major resumed his seat.

shouldersnounUS /ˈʃoʊldərz/

plural of “shoulder” — the part of the body between the neck and the upper arm

From this reading With a shrug of his shoulders the major resumed his seat.

shrugnounUS /ʃrʌɡ/

a gesture involving the shoulders

From this reading With a shrug of his shoulders the major resumed his seat.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.

sprangverbUS /spræŋ/

inflected form of “spring” — move forward by leaps and bounds

From this reading Major Jen sprang to his feet with a loud cry.

stealingnounUS /ˈstiːlɪŋ/

the act of taking something from someone unlawfully

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading Battersea had not sufficient craft or strength to do such things.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

sufficientadjectiveUS /səˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant

From this reading Battersea had not sufficient craft or strength to do such things.

surprisenounUS /sərˈpraɪz/

the astonishment you feel when something totally unexpected happens to you

From this reading This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.

theftnounUS /θeft/

the act of taking something from someone unlawfully

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading Battersea had not sufficient craft or strength to do such things.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Major Jen sprang to his feet with a loud cry.

tongue-tiedadjective

unable to express yourself clearly or fluently

From this reading This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.

trampnounUS /træmp/

a vagrant

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

tripleverbUS /ˈtrɪpəl/

increase threefold

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

utterlyadverbUS /ˈʌtərli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.

wantingadjectiveUS /ˈwɑːntɪŋ/

nonexistent

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This information that Battersea was the criminal took him so utterly by surprise that for the moment he was tongue-tied.

weakadjectiveUS /wiːk/

wanting in physical strength

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Then, when he recalled the feeble and emaciated form of the old tramp, when he recollected his weak intelligence, he altogether declined to believe that such a creature, one so wanting in activity, could have conceived and executed a triple crime--the theft of the devil-stick, the murder of Maurice, the stealing of the body.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Major Jen sprang to his feet with a loud cry.

Chapter 15 of For the Defence by Fergus Hume holds 147 sentences, grouped into 30 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of For the Defence contain?

Chapter 15 holds 147 sentences of For the Defence, unabridged, divided into 30 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of For the Defence by Fergus Hume exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 147 sentences, grouped into 30 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of For the Defence?

Work through the 30 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 30 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading For the Defence

Common questions about reading For the Defence by Fergus Hume on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of For the Defence?

Yes. All 4062 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #55420 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of For the Defence is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #55420, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does For the Defence take to read?

About 338 minutes of reading across 813 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in For the Defence

Words and structures a reader meets early in For the Defence, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Laurence
A word that appears in the opening chapter of For the Defence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Retired
A word that appears in the opening chapter of For the Defence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Major
A word that appears in the opening chapter of For the Defence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bachelor
A word that appears in the opening chapter of For the Defence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.