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Forest Life and Forest Trees
Forest Life and Forest Trees

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Forest Life and Forest Trees is here in full — 116 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Observations on the St. Croix River.--Boundary Line.--Pine Timber.
--Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.
--Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.
Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.
The Mschoodiac, more generally known as the St. Croix, constitutes the first link in the boundary between Maine and the province of New Brunswick.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Forest Life and Forest Trees

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Forest Life and Forest Trees is here in full — 116 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Observations on the St. Croix River.--Boundary Line.--Pine Timber.
Line 2
--Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.
Line 3
--Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.
Line 4
Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.
Line 5
The Mschoodiac, more generally known as the St. Croix, constitutes the first link in the boundary between Maine and the province of New Brunswick.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Brunswick noun US /ˈbrʌnzwɪk/

a university town in southwestern Maine

From this reading “Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.”

constitutes verb US /ˈkɑːnstətuːts/

third-person singular of “constitute” — form or compose

From this reading “The Mschoodiac, more generally known as the St. Croix, constitutes the first link in the boundary between Maine and the province of New Brunswick.”

devoting verb US /dɪˈvoʊtɪŋ/

-ing form of “devote” — give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause

From this reading “Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.”

foregoing adjective US /fɔːrˈɡoʊɪŋ/

especially of writing or speech; going before

From this reading “Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.”

Hemlock noun US /ˈhemlɑːk/

poisonous drug derived from an Eurasian plant of the genus Conium

From this reading “--Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.”

lumbering noun US /ˈlʌmbərɪŋ/

the trade of cutting or preparing or selling timber

From this reading “--Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.”

Reciprocal adjective US /rɪˈsɪprəkəl/

concerning each of two or more persons or things; especially given or done in return

From this reading “--Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.”

statistics noun US /stəˈtɪstɪks/

a branch of applied mathematics concerned with the collection and interpretation of quantitative data and the use of probability theory to estimate population parameters

From this reading “--Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Boundary Line noun + noun

a line that indicates a boundary

In this reading “Observations on the St. Croix River.--Boundary Line.--Pine Timber.”

brief sketches adjective + noun counted as “brief sketch”

In this reading “Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.”

most interesting adverb + adjective

In this reading “Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.”

generally known adverb + adjective

In this reading “The Mschoodiac, more generally known as the St. Croix, constitutes the first link in the boundary between Maine and the province of New Brunswick.”

considerable attention adjective + noun

In this reading “Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.”

consist of verb + particle

In this reading “Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.”

White Pine noun + noun

any of several five-needled pines with white wood and smooth usually light grey bark when young; especially the eastern white pine

In this reading “Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.”

Name of verb + particle

In this reading “--Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.”

All words in this reading · 97

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adventuresnounUS /ædˈventʃərz/

plural of “adventure” — a wild and exciting undertaking (not necessarily lawful)

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

AgriculturenounUS /ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃər/

a large-scale farming enterprise

From this reading --Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.

AmericansnounUS /əˈmerəkənz/

plural of “american” — a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

AssociationsnounUS /əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “association” — a formal organization of people or groups of people

From this reading --Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

BoundarynounUS /ˈbaʊn.də.ri/

A line that marks the limits of an area.

From this reading Observations on the St. Croix River.--Boundary Line.--Pine Timber.

BranchnounUS /bræntʃ/

a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading --Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.

briefadjectiveUS /briːf/

of short duration or distance

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

BrunswicknounUS /ˈbrʌnzwɪk/

a university town in southwestern Maine

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

CapacitynounUS /kəˈpæsəti/

capability to perform or produce

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

CharacternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

Che-pet-na-cook

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading --Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.

concludingadjectiveUS /kənˈkluːdɪŋ/

occurring at or forming an end or termination

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

consistverbUS /kənˈsɪst/

originate

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

constitutesverbUS /ˈkɑːnstətuːts/

third-person singular of “constitute” — form or compose

From this reading The Mschoodiac, more generally known as the St. Croix, constitutes the first link in the boundary between Maine and the province of New Brunswick.

Croix

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Observations on the St. Croix River.--Boundary Line.--Pine Timber.

curiousadjectiveUS /ˈkjʊriəs/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

DefinitionnounUS /ˌdefəˈnɪʃən/

a concise explanation of the meaning of a word or phrase or symbol

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

devotingverbUS /dɪˈvoʊtɪŋ/

-ing form of “devote” — give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

EasternadjectiveUS /ˈiːstərn/

lying toward or situated in the east

From this reading --Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.

extentnounUS /ɪkˈstent/

the point or degree to which something extends

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The Mschoodiac, more generally known as the St. Croix, constitutes the first link in the boundary between Maine and the province of New Brunswick.

foregoingadjectiveUS /fɔːrˈɡoʊɪŋ/

especially of writing or speech; going before

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

FranklinnounUS /ˈfræŋklɪn/

United States historian noted for studies of Black American history (born in 1915)

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading The Mschoodiac, more generally known as the St. Croix, constitutes the first link in the boundary between Maine and the province of New Brunswick.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

GrandadjectiveUS /ɡrænd/

of behavior that is impressive and ambitious in scale or scope

From this reading --Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.

Havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

HemlocknounUS /ˈhemlɑːk/

poisonous drug derived from an Eurasian plant of the genus Conium

From this reading --Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading --Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

interestingadjectiveUS /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/

arousing or holding the attention

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

InterestsnounUS /ˈɪntrəsts/

plural of “interest” — a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

InterioradjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtɪriər/

situated within or suitable for inside a building

From this reading --Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

LakenounUS /leɪk/

a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading --Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

LinenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading Observations on the St. Croix River.--Boundary Line.--Pine Timber.

linkverbUS /lɪŋk/

make a logical or causal connection

From this reading The Mschoodiac, more generally known as the St. Croix, constitutes the first link in the boundary between Maine and the province of New Brunswick.

LumbernounUS /ˈlʌmbər/

the wood of trees cut and prepared for use as building material

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

LumberingnounUS /ˈlʌmbərɪŋ/

the trade of cutting or preparing or selling timber

From this reading --Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.

lumbermen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

Machias

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

MainenounUS /meɪn/

a state in New England

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

mattersnounUS /ˈmætərz/

plural of “matter” — a vaguely specified concern

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

MillsnounUS /mɪlz/

United States architect who was the presidentially appointed architect of Washington D.C. (1781-1855)

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The Mschoodiac, more generally known as the St. Croix, constitutes the first link in the boundary between Maine and the province of New Brunswick.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

Mschoodiac

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Mschoodiac, more generally known as the St. Croix, constitutes the first link in the boundary between Maine and the province of New Brunswick.

NameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading --Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.

Narraguagues

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

ObservationsnounUS /ˌɑːbzərˈveɪʃənz/

plural of “observation” — the act of making and recording a measurement

From this reading Observations on the St. Croix River.--Boundary Line.--Pine Timber.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading --Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Observations on the St. Croix River.--Boundary Line.--Pine Timber.

operationsnounUS /ˌɑːpərˈeɪʃənz/

financial transactions at a brokerage; having to do with the execution of trades and keeping customer records

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

OriginnounUS /ˈɔːrədʒən/

the place where something begins, where it springs into being

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

pagesnounUS /ˈpeɪdʒəz/

plural of “page” — one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

PinenounUS /paɪn/

a coniferous tree

From this reading Observations on the St. Croix River.--Boundary Line.--Pine Timber.

ProspectsnounUS /ˈprɑːspekts/

plural of “prospect” — the possibility of future success

From this reading --Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.

provincenounUS /ˈprɑːvəns/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading The Mschoodiac, more generally known as the St. Croix, constitutes the first link in the boundary between Maine and the province of New Brunswick.

Provincials

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

ReciprocaladjectiveUS /rɪˈsɪprəkəl/

concerning each of two or more persons or things; especially given or done in return

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

RelationsnounUS /riˈleɪʃənz/

mutual dealings or connections or communications among persons or groups

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

ResourcesnounUS /ˈriːsɔːrsɪz/

plural of “resource” — available source of wealth; a new or reserve supply that can be drawn upon when needed

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

RiseverbUS /raɪz/

move upward

From this reading --Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.

RivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Observations on the St. Croix River.--Boundary Line.--Pine Timber.

RiversnounUS /ˈrɪvərz/

plural of “river” — a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

sketchesnounUS /ˈsketʃəz/

plural of “sketch” — preliminary drawing for later elaboration

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

SoilnounUS /sɔɪl/

the state of being covered with unclean things

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Observations on the St. Croix River.--Boundary Line.--Pine Timber.

StatisticsnounUS /stəˈtɪstɪks/

a branch of applied mathematics concerned with the collection and interpretation of quantitative data and the use of probability theory to estimate population parameters

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

StreamnounUS /striːm/

a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Observations on the St. Croix River.--Boundary Line.--Pine Timber.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

TimbernounUS /ˈtɪmbər/

the wood of trees cut and prepared for use as building material

From this reading Observations on the St. Croix River.--Boundary Line.--Pine Timber.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

TradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

Traditionary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading --Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

UnionnounUS /ˈjuːnjən/

an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

WestnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading --Reciprocal Relations of the Lumber Trade between Americans and Provincials.--The Machias Rivers.--Origin of Name.--Character of Soil.--Lumber Resources and Statistics.--West Machias.--Narraguagues River, curious Definition of.--Capacity of Stream.--Statistics.-- Union River.--Observations on its Lumbering Interests.--Mills in Franklin.

WhitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Having in the foregoing pages given brief sketches of some of the most interesting _trees_ known to us, devoting considerable attention to the White Pine, and the life and adventures of lumbermen, the concluding pages of this book will consist of brief sketches of the rivers of Maine and New Brunswick, and such statistics as to the extent of the lumbering operations on each river as may interest the curious in such matters.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading --Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.

YouthfuladjectiveUS /ˈjuːθfəl/

suggestive of youth; vigorous and fresh

From this reading --Agriculture in the Interior.--Youthful Associations with Grand Lake.--Traditionary Name of Grand Lake.--Lake Che-pet-na-cook.-- Rise of Eastern Branch St. Croix.--Lumbering Prospects.--Hemlock.

Chapter 15 of Forest Life and Forest Trees by John S. Springer holds 116 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of Forest Life and Forest Trees contain?

Chapter 15 holds 116 sentences of Forest Life and Forest Trees, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of Forest Life and Forest Trees by John S. Springer exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 116 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of Forest Life and Forest Trees?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Forest Life and Forest Trees

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Yes. All 2771 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37684 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #37684, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 230 minutes of reading across 555 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Forest Life and Forest Trees

Words and structures a reader meets early in Forest Life and Forest Trees, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Winter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Forest Life and Forest Trees; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Camp-life
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Forest Life and Forest Trees; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Among
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Forest Life and Forest Trees; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Loggers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Forest Life and Forest Trees; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.