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Forge and furnace: A novel
Forge and furnace: A novel

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Forge and furnace: A novel is here in full — 150 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/30 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
BY THE FURNACE FIRES.
Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.
Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.
With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.
It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.
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/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Forge and furnace: A novel

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Forge and furnace: A novel is here in full — 150 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
BY THE FURNACE FIRES.
/baɪ ðə ˈfɜːrnəs ˈfaɪərz/
Line 2
Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.
Line 3
Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.
/θɪŋz kʊd nɑːt ɡoʊ ɑːn mʌtʃ ˈlɔːŋɡər æt duːks fɑːrm ɪn ðə weɪ ðeɪ hæd bɪn ˈduːɪŋ fɔːr sʌm taɪm naʊ/
Line 4
With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.
/wɪð ˈnoʊbɑːdiː tuː lʊk ˈæftər hɪm ðə fɑːrm ˈbeɪləf ɡruː ˈdeɪli mɔːr nɪˈɡlektfəl ʌv ɔːl ˈbɪznəs bʌt hɪz oʊn/
Line 5
It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bailiff noun US /ˈbeɪləf/

an officer of the court who is employed to execute writs and processes and make arrests etc.

From this reading “With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.”

creeping noun US /ˈkriːpɪŋ/

a slow mode of locomotion on hands and knees or dragging the body

From this reading “It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.”

crisis noun US /ˈkraɪsəs/

an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty

From this reading “Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.”

dreary adjective US /ˈdrɪri/

lacking in liveliness or charm or surprise

From this reading “Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.”

Duke's noun US /duːks/

possessive form of “duke” — a British peer of the highest rank

foreshadow verb US /fɔːrˈʃædoʊ/

indicate, as with a sign or an omen

From this reading “Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.”

furnace noun US /ˈfɜːrnəs/

an enclosed chamber in which heat is produced to heat buildings, destroy refuse, smelt or refine ores, etc.

From this reading “BY THE FURNACE FIRES.”

neglectful adjective US /nɪˈɡlektfəl/

not showing due care or attention

From this reading “With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

helping hand noun + noun

physical assistance

In this reading “It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.”

grew daily verb + noun counted as “grow daily”

In this reading “With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.”

some time adjective + noun

In this reading “Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.”

go on verb + particle

continue a certain state, condition, or activity

In this reading “Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.”

look after verb + particle

keep under careful scrutiny

In this reading “With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.”

put out verb + adjective

to cause inconvenience or discomfort to

In this reading “It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

approachverbUS /əˈproʊtʃ/

move towards

From this reading It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.

approachingnounUS /əˈproʊtʃɪŋ/

the event of one object coming closer to another

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

arrestverbUS /ərˈest/

take into custody

From this reading It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.

bailiffnounUS /ˈbeɪləf/

an officer of the court who is employed to execute writs and processes and make arrests etc.

From this reading With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

Bram

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

Bram's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.

BYprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading BY THE FURNACE FIRES.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

creepingnounUS /ˈkriːpɪŋ/

a slow mode of locomotion on hands and knees or dragging the body

From this reading It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.

crisisnounUS /ˈkraɪsəs/

an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.

daredverbUS /derd/

past form of “dare” — take upon oneself; act presumptuously, without permission

From this reading It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.

doingverbUS /ˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.

drearyadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪri/

lacking in liveliness or charm or surprise

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

Duke'snounUS /duːks/

possessive form of “duke” — a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.

FarmverbUS /fɑːrm/

be a farmer; work as a farmer

From this reading Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

FIRESnounUS /ˈfaɪərz/

plural of “fire” — the event of something burning (often destructive)

From this reading BY THE FURNACE FIRES.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

foreshadowverbUS /fɔːrˈʃædoʊ/

indicate, as with a sign or an omen

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

FURNACEnounUS /ˈfɜːrnəs/

an enclosed chamber in which heat is produced to heat buildings, destroy refuse, smelt or refine ores, etc.

From this reading BY THE FURNACE FIRES.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.

graduallyadverbUS /ˈɡrædʒuːəli/

in a gradual manner

From this reading It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.

hardlyadverbUS /ˈhɑːrdli/

only a very short time before

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.

helpingnounUS /ˈhelpɪŋ/

an individual quantity of food or drink taken as part of a meal

From this reading It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

neareradverbUS /ˈnɪrər/

(comparative of “near” or “close”) within a shorter distance

From this reading It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.

neglectfuladjectiveUS /nɪˈɡlektfəl/

not showing due care or attention

From this reading With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.

nobodypronounUS /ˈnoʊbɑːdiː/

no person; not anyone

From this reading With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.

ruinnounUS /ˈruːən/

an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading BY THE FURNACE FIRES.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.

ThingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.

waitingnounUS /ˈweɪtɪŋ/

the act of waiting (remaining inactive in one place while expecting something)

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Things could not go on much longer at Duke’s Farm in the way they had been doing for some time now.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading It went to Bram’s heart to see ruin creeping gradually nearer, while he dared not put out a helping hand to arrest its approach.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With nobody to look after him, the farm bailiff grew daily more neglectful of all business but his own.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Then there began a strange time of dreary waiting for some crisis which Bram felt was approaching, although he could hardly foreshadow what the nature of it would be.

Chapter 20 of Forge and furnace: A novel by Florence Warden holds 150 sentences, grouped into 30 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Forge and furnace: A novel contain?

Chapter 20 holds 150 sentences of Forge and furnace: A novel, unabridged, divided into 30 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Forge and furnace: A novel by Florence Warden exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 150 sentences, grouped into 30 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Forge and furnace: A novel?

Work through the 30 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 30 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Forge and furnace: A novel

Common questions about reading Forge and furnace: A novel by Florence Warden on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Yes. All 4141 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #68689 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #68689, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 345 minutes of reading across 829 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Forge and furnace: A novel

Words and structures a reader meets early in Forge and furnace: A novel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

House
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Forge and furnace: A novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Marsh
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Forge and furnace: A novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Scheherazade
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Forge and furnace: A novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Prince
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Forge and furnace: A novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.