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Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8)
Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8)

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8) is here in full — 310 sentences across 62 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8)
Context Illustration Reading 1/62 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Denmark Hill, 23rd December, 1871.
My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.
At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.
It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.
For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8)

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8) is here in full — 310 sentences across 62 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/62 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Denmark Hill, 23rd December, 1871.
Line 2
My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.
Line 3
At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.
Line 4
It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.
Line 5
For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.
/fɔːr ðə ˈwaɪzəst men ɑːr waɪz tuː ðə fʊl ɪn deθ ənd ɪf juː wʊd ɡɪv ðem ˌɪnˈsted ʌv ˈsteɪtli tuːmz ˈoʊnli soʊ mʌtʃ ˈɑːnər æz tuː duː ðer wɪl wen ðeɪ ðemˈselvz kæn noʊ mɔːr kənˈtend fɔːr ɪt juː wʊd faɪnd ɪt ɡʊd məˈmɔːriəl ʌv ðem sʌtʃ æz ðə best ʌv ðem wʊd dɪˈzaɪər ənd fʊl ʌv ˈblesɪŋ tuː ɔːl men fɔːr ɔːl taɪm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

contend verb US /kənˈtend/

maintain or assert

From this reading “For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.”

Denmark noun US /ˈdenmɑːrk/

a constitutional monarchy in northern Europe; consists of the mainland of Jutland and many islands between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea

From this reading “Denmark Hill, 23rd December, 1871.”

grants noun US /ɡrænts/

plural of “grant” — any monetary aid

From this reading “It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.”

licence noun US /ˈlaɪsəns/

excessive freedom; lack of due restraint

From this reading “It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.”

memorial noun US /məˈmɔːriəl/

a recognition of meritorious service

From this reading “For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.”

perpetuity noun US /ˌpɜːrpɪˈtjuːɪti/

the property of being perpetual (seemingly ceaseless)

From this reading “At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.”

survivors noun US /sərˈvaɪvərz/

plural of “survivor” — one who lives through affliction

From this reading “It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.”

tithe verb US /taɪð/

exact a tithe from

From this reading “At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

next week adjective + noun

In this reading “My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.”

wisest men adjective + noun counted as “wise men”

(New Testament) the sages who visited Jesus and Mary and Joseph shortly after Jesus was born; the Gospel According to Matthew says they were guided by a star and brought gifts of gold and frankincense and myrrh; because there were three gifts it is usually assumed that there were three of them

In this reading “For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.”

own way verb + noun

In this reading “It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.”

contend for verb + particle

In this reading “For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.”

think of verb + particle

keep in mind for attention or consideration

In this reading “My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.”

All words in this reading · 116

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1871

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Denmark Hill, 23rd December, 1871.

23rd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Denmark Hill, 23rd December, 1871.

7,000

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

allowverbUS /əˈlaʊ/

make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

anythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

blessingnounUS /ˈblesɪŋ/

the formal act of approving

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

ChristmasnounUS /ˈkrɪsməs/

period extending from Dec. 24 to Jan. 6

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

Consols

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

contendverbUS /kənˈtend/

maintain or assert

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

DecembernounUS /dɪˈsembər/

the last (12th) month of the year

From this reading Denmark Hill, 23rd December, 1871.

delightfuladjectiveUS /dɪˈlaɪtfəl/

greatly pleasing or entertaining

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

DenmarknounUS /ˈdenmɑːrk/

a constitutional monarchy in northern Europe; consists of the mainland of Jutland and many islands between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea

From this reading Denmark Hill, 23rd December, 1871.

desirenounUS /dɪˈzaɪər/

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

FriendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

giftnounUS /ɡɪft/

something acquired without compensation

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

gladadjectiveUS /ɡlæd/

showing or causing joy and pleasure; especially made happy

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

grantsnounUS /ɡrænts/

plural of “grant” — any monetary aid

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

helplessadjectiveUS /ˈhelpləs/

lacking in or deprived of strength or power

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

HillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading Denmark Hill, 23rd December, 1871.

honournounUS /ˈɑːnər/

the state of being honored

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

humours

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

inexpedientadjective

not suitable or advisable

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

licencenounUS /ˈlaɪsəns/

excessive freedom; lack of due restraint

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

memorialnounUS /məˈmɔːriəl/

a recognition of meritorious service

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

onesnounUS /wʌnz/

plural of “one” — the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

perpetuitynounUS /ˌpɜːrpɪˈtjuːɪti/

the property of being perpetual (seemingly ceaseless)

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

pleasantadjectiveUS /ˈplezənt/

affording pleasure; being in harmony with your taste or likings

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

promisedverbUS /ˈprɑːməst/

past form of “promise” — make a promise or commitment

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

prospectnounUS /ˈprɑːspekt/

the possibility of future success

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

statelyadjectiveUS /ˈsteɪtli/

impressive in appearance

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

survivorsnounUS /sərˈvaɪvərz/

plural of “survivor” — one who lives through affliction

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

titheverbUS /taɪð/

exact a tithe from

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

tombsnounUS /tuːmz/

plural of “tomb” — a place for the burial of a corpse (especially beneath the ground and marked by a tombstone)

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

unkindadjectiveUS /ənˈkaɪnd/

lacking kindness

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading At least, however, you will be glad to know that I have really made you the Christmas gift I promised--£7,000 Consols, in all, clear; a fair tithe of what I had: and to as much perpetuity as the law will allow me.

whateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading It will not allow the dead to have their own way, long, whatever licence it grants the living in their humours: and this seems to me unkind to those helpless ones;--very certainly it is inexpedient for the survivors.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

whollyadverbUS /ˈhoʊli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

wiseadjectiveUS /waɪz/

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

wisestadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪzəst/

superlative of “wise” — having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading For the wisest men are wise to the full in death; and if you would give them, instead of stately tombs, only so much honour as to do their will, when they themselves can no more contend for it, you would find it good memorial of them, such as the best of them would desire, and full of blessing to all men for all time.

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading My Friends, You will scarcely care to read anything I have to say to you this evening--having much to think of, wholly pleasant, as I hope; and prospect of delightful days to come, next week.

Chapter 12 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8) by John Ruskin holds 310 sentences, grouped into 62 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8) contain?

Chapter 12 holds 310 sentences of Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8), unabridged, divided into 62 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8) by John Ruskin exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 310 sentences, grouped into 62 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8)?

Work through the 62 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 62 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8)

Common questions about reading Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8) by John Ruskin on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8)?

Yes. All 1933 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59456 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59456, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8) take to read?

About 161 minutes of reading across 387 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8) section by section

How to work through Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Denmark
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
January
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Friends
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Begin
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fors Clavigera (Volume 1 of 8); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.