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Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8)
Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8)

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) is here in full — 197 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/39 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Brantwood, 27th January, 1873.
"If it were not so, I would have told you."
I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.
It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.
But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8)

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) is here in full — 197 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/39 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Brantwood, 27th January, 1873.
Line 2
"If it were not so, I would have told you."
/ɪf ɪt wɜːr nɑːt soʊ aɪ wʊd hæv toʊld juː/
Line 3
I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.
Line 4
It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.
Line 5
But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

effacing verb US /ɪˈfeɪsɪŋ/

-ing form of “efface” — remove completely from recognition or memory

From this reading “But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.”

John's noun US /dʒɑːnz/

possessive form of “john” — a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading “I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.”

Mona noun US /ˈmoʊnə/

an island to the northwest of Wales

From this reading “But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.”

slips noun US /slɪps/

plural of “slip” — a socially awkward or tactless act

From this reading “It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.”

tenth noun US /tenθ/

a tenth part; one part in ten equal parts

From this reading “But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.”

thousandth noun US /ˈθaʊzəndθ/

position 1,000 in a countable series of things

From this reading “I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.”

unchallenged adjective US /ənˈtʃælɪndʒd/

generally agreed upon; not subject to dispute

From this reading “It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.”

unnoticed adjective US /ənˈnoʊtɪst/

not noticed

From this reading “It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

tenth century noun + noun

In this reading “But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.”

first time adjective + noun

In this reading “I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.”

slips into verb + particle counted as “slip into”

In this reading “It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.”

any attention adjective + noun

In this reading “I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1873

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Brantwood, 27th January, 1873.

27th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Brantwood, 27th January, 1873.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

attendverbUS /əˈtend/

be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc.

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

Brantwood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Brantwood, 27th January, 1873.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.

chance-help

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

definiteadjectiveUS /ˈdefənət/

precise; explicit and clearly defined

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

difficultadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfəkəlt/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

effacingverbUS /ɪˈfeɪsɪŋ/

-ing form of “efface” — remove completely from recognition or memory

From this reading But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

familiaradjectiveUS /fəˈmɪljər/

well known or easily recognized

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

Fors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

gospelnounUS /ˈɡɑːspəl/

the four books in the New Testament (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John) that tell the story of Christ's life and teachings

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

guestnounUS /ɡest/

a visitor to whom hospitality is extended

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "If it were not so, I would have told you."

helpedverbUS /helpt/

past form of “help” — give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.

householdnounUS /ˈhaʊshoʊld/

a social unit living together

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "If it were not so, I would have told you."

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading "If it were not so, I would have told you."

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading "If it were not so, I would have told you."

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

JanuarynounUS /ˈdʒænjuːeri/

the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice

From this reading Brantwood, 27th January, 1873.

John'snounUS /dʒɑːnz/

possessive form of “john” — a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.

MonanounUS /ˈmoʊnə/

an island to the northwest of Wales

From this reading But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

motivenounUS /ˈmoʊtɪv/

the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal; the reason for the action; that which gives purpose and direction to behavior

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

MSnounUS /mɪz/

a chronic progressive nervous disorder involving loss of myelin sheath around certain nerve fibers

From this reading But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.

nnounUS /en/

a common nonmetallic element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless inert diatomic gas; constitutes 78 percent of the atmosphere by volume; a constituent of all living tissues

From this reading But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading "If it were not so, I would have told you."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

re-read

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

rememberverbUS /rɪˈmɛm.bər/

To recall to mind.

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

rightlyadverbUS /ˈraɪtli/

with honesty

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

slipsnounUS /slɪps/

plural of “slip” — a socially awkward or tactless act

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading "If it were not so, I would have told you."

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

tenthnounUS /tenθ/

a tenth part; one part in ten equal parts

From this reading But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

ThirdnounUS /θɜːrd/

one of three equal parts of a divisible whole

From this reading But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

thousandthnounUS /ˈθaʊzəndθ/

position 1,000 in a countable series of things

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

to-day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading "If it were not so, I would have told you."

unchallengedadjectiveUS /ənˈtʃælɪndʒd/

generally agreed upon; not subject to dispute

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

unnoticedadjectiveUS /ənˈnoʊtɪst/

not noticed

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "If it were not so, I would have told you."

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading It is difficult, if not impossible, to attend rightly without some definite motive, or chance-help, to words which one has read and re-read till every one of them slips into its place unnoticed, as a familiar guest,--unchallenged as a household friend.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading But the Third Fors helped me, to-day, by half effacing the n in the word Mona, in the tenth century MS.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading I read those strange words of St. John's gospel this morning, for at least the thousandth time; and for the first time, that I remember, with any attention.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading "If it were not so, I would have told you."

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "If it were not so, I would have told you."

Chapter 3 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) by John Ruskin holds 197 sentences, grouped into 40 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) contain?

Chapter 3 holds 197 sentences of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8), unabridged, divided into 40 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) by John Ruskin exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 197 sentences, grouped into 40 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8)?

Work through the 40 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 40 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8)

Common questions about reading Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) by John Ruskin on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8)?

Yes. All 3014 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #61634 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #61634, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) take to read?

About 251 minutes of reading across 603 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) section by section

How to work through Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Brantwood
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
January
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Third
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Having
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.