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Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8)
Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8)

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) is here in full — 217 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8)
Context Illustration Reading 1/43 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.
Of the essential mischief done by them, there is, unhappily, no doubt whatever.
Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.
Scott made his romance so ridiculous, that, since his day, one can't help fancying helmets were always pasteboard, and horses were always hobby.
Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8)

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) is here in full — 217 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/43 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.
Line 2
Of the essential mischief done by them, there is, unhappily, no doubt whatever.
/ʌv ðə eˈsenʃəl ˈmɪstʃəf dʌn baɪ ðem ðer ɪz ənˈhæpəli noʊ daʊt ˌwʌˈtevər/
Line 3
Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.
Line 4
Scott made his romance so ridiculous, that, since his day, one can't help fancying helmets were always pasteboard, and horses were always hobby.
Line 5
Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bias noun US /ˈbaɪəs/

a partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation

From this reading “Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.”

Commandments noun US /kəˈmændmənts/

plural of “commandment” — something that is commanded

From this reading “Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.”

dynasties noun US /ˈdaɪnəstiz/

plural of “dynasty” — a sequence of powerful leaders in the same family

From this reading “Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.”

helmets noun US /ˈhelməts/

plural of “helmet” — armor plate that protects the head

From this reading “Scott made his romance so ridiculous, that, since his day, one can't help fancying helmets were always pasteboard, and horses were always hobby.”

hobby noun US /ˈhɑːbi/

an auxiliary activity

From this reading “Scott made his romance so ridiculous, that, since his day, one can't help fancying helmets were always pasteboard, and horses were always hobby.”

novelist noun US /ˈnɑːvələst/

one who writes novels

From this reading “Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.”

Thackeray noun US /ˈθækəri/

English writer (born in India) (1811-1863)

From this reading “Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.”

unhappily adverb US /ənˈhæpəli/

in an unpleasant way

From this reading “Of the essential mischief done by them, there is, unhappily, no doubt whatever.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

best intentions noun + noun counted as “best intention”

In this reading “Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.”

in favour preposition + noun

In this reading “Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.”

for dinner preposition + noun

In this reading “Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.”

All words in this reading · 112

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Scott made his romance so ridiculous, that, since his day, one can't help fancying helmets were always pasteboard, and horses were always hobby.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

biasnounUS /ˈbaɪəs/

a partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

can't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Scott made his romance so ridiculous, that, since his day, one can't help fancying helmets were always pasteboard, and horses were always hobby.

CommandmentsnounUS /kəˈmændmənts/

plural of “commandment” — something that is commanded

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

conjecturing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

cryverbUS /kraɪ/

utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Scott made his romance so ridiculous, that, since his day, one can't help fancying helmets were always pasteboard, and horses were always hobby.

DickensnounUS /ˈdɪkənz/

a word used in exclamations of confusion

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

dimlyadverbUS /ˈdɪmli/

in a dim indistinct manner

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

dinnernounUS /ˈdɪnər/

the main meal of the day served in the evening or at midday

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading Of the essential mischief done by them, there is, unhappily, no doubt whatever.

doubtnounUS /daʊt/

the state of being unsure of something

From this reading Of the essential mischief done by them, there is, unhappily, no doubt whatever.

dynastiesnounUS /ˈdaɪnəstiz/

plural of “dynasty” — a sequence of powerful leaders in the same family

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

Edgeworth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

effectedadjectiveUS /ɪˈfektɪd/

settled securely and unconditionally

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

essentialadjectiveUS /eˈsenʃəl/

absolutely necessary; vitally necessary

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

everybodypronounUS /ˈevribɑːdi/

every person

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

facesnounUS /ˈfeɪsəz/

plural of “face” — the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

fancying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Scott made his romance so ridiculous, that, since his day, one can't help fancying helmets were always pasteboard, and horses were always hobby.

favournounUS /ˈfeɪvər/

a feeling of favorable regard

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

fearverbUS /fɪr/

be afraid or feel anxious or apprehensive about a possible or probable situation or event

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

greatlyadverbUS /ˈɡreɪtli/

to an extraordinary extent or degree

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

helmetsnounUS /ˈhelməts/

plural of “helmet” — armor plate that protects the head

From this reading Scott made his romance so ridiculous, that, since his day, one can't help fancying helmets were always pasteboard, and horses were always hobby.

helpverbUS /help/

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading Scott made his romance so ridiculous, that, since his day, one can't help fancying helmets were always pasteboard, and horses were always hobby.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Scott made his romance so ridiculous, that, since his day, one can't help fancying helmets were always pasteboard, and horses were always hobby.

hobbynounUS /ˈhɑːbi/

an auxiliary activity

From this reading Scott made his romance so ridiculous, that, since his day, one can't help fancying helmets were always pasteboard, and horses were always hobby.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading Scott made his romance so ridiculous, that, since his day, one can't help fancying helmets were always pasteboard, and horses were always hobby.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

impertinentadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɜːrtənənt/

characterized by a lightly pert and exuberant quality

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

intentionsnounUS /ˌɪnˈtentʃənz/

plural of “intention” — an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Of the essential mischief done by them, there is, unhappily, no doubt whatever.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

laughnounUS /læf/

the sound of laughing

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

meatfly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

memorynounUS /ˈmem.ər.i/

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

mischiefnounUS /ˈmɪstʃəf/

reckless or malicious behavior that causes discomfort or annoyance in others

From this reading Of the essential mischief done by them, there is, unhappily, no doubt whatever.

MissverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

moralitynounUS /mərˈæləti/

concern with the distinction between good and evil or right and wrong; right or good conduct

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Of the essential mischief done by them, there is, unhappily, no doubt whatever.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

novelistnounUS /ˈnɑːvələst/

one who writes novels

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

OfprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Scott made his romance so ridiculous, that, since his day, one can't help fancying helmets were always pasteboard, and horses were always hobby.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

pasteboardnoun

stiff cardboard made by pasting together layers of paper

From this reading Scott made his romance so ridiculous, that, since his day, one can't help fancying helmets were always pasteboard, and horses were always hobby.

pausenounUS /pɔːz/

a time interval during which there is a temporary cessation of something

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

ridiculousadjectiveUS /rɪˈdɪkjələs/

inspiring scornful pity

From this reading Scott made his romance so ridiculous, that, since his day, one can't help fancying helmets were always pasteboard, and horses were always hobby.

risenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪzən/

(of e.g. celestial bodies) above the horizon

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

romancenounUS /roʊˈmæns/

a relationship between two lovers

From this reading Scott made his romance so ridiculous, that, since his day, one can't help fancying helmets were always pasteboard, and horses were always hobby.

ScottnounUS /skɑːt/

award-winning United States film actor (1928-1999)

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

settledadjectiveUS /ˈsetəld/

established or decided beyond dispute or doubt

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

sickadjectiveUS /sɪk/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

slightestadjectiveUS /ˈslaɪtəst/

superlative of “slight” — (quantifier used with mass nouns) small in quantity or degree; not much or almost none or (with “a”) at least some

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

tale-tellers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

TennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

ThackeraynounUS /ˈθækəri/

English writer (born in India) (1811-1863)

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Of the essential mischief done by them, there is, unhappily, no doubt whatever.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

tremblingnounUS /ˈtrembəlɪŋ/

a shaky motion

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

unhappilyadverbUS /ənˈhæpəli/

in an unpleasant way

From this reading Of the essential mischief done by them, there is, unhappily, no doubt whatever.

venturedverbUS /ˈventʃərd/

past form of “venture” — proceed somewhere despite the risk of possible dangers

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Scott made his romance so ridiculous, that, since his day, one can't help fancying helmets were always pasteboard, and horses were always hobby.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

whateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading Of the essential mischief done by them, there is, unhappily, no doubt whatever.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Miss Edgeworth made her morality so impertinent that, since her time, it has only been with fear and trembling that any good novelist has ventured to show the slightest bias in favour of the Ten Commandments.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading Of the four great English tale-tellers whose dynasties have set or risen within my own memory--Miss Edgeworth, Scott, Dickens, and Thackeray--I find myself greatly at pause in conjecturing, however dimly, what essential good has been effected by them, though they all had the best intentions.

wrinklesnounUS /ˈrɪŋkəlz/

plural of “wrinkle” — a slight depression or fold in the smoothness of a surface

From this reading Dickens made everybody laugh, or cry, so that they could not go about their business till they had got their faces in wrinkles; and Thackeray settled like a meatfly on whatever one had got for dinner, and made one sick of it.

Chapter 7 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) by John Ruskin holds 217 sentences, grouped into 44 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) contain?

Chapter 7 holds 217 sentences of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8), unabridged, divided into 44 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) by John Ruskin exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 217 sentences, grouped into 44 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8)?

Work through the 44 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 44 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8)

Common questions about reading Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) by John Ruskin on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8)?

Yes. All 3014 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #61634 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #61634, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) take to read?

About 251 minutes of reading across 603 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) section by section

How to work through Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Brantwood
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
January
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Third
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Having
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.