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Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8)
Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8)

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8) is here in full — 417 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8)
Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Venice, 4th October, 1876.
I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’
There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.
Hesiod is one of these, Plato another, Dante another, Carpaccio is another.
He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8)

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8) is here in full — 417 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Venice, 4th October, 1876.
Line 2
I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’
Line 3
There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.
/ðer ɑːr ˈsɜːrtən men huː noʊ ðə truːθs ˈnesəseri tuː ˈhjuːmən laɪf ðeɪ duː nɑːt oʊˈpaɪn ðem ənd ˈnoʊbɑːdiːz əˈpɪnjənz ɑːn ˈeni səbˈdʒekt ɑːr ʌv ˈeni ˈkɑːnsəkwəns əˈpoʊzd tuː ðem/
Line 4
Hesiod is one of these, Plato another, Dante another, Carpaccio is another.
Line 5
He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.
/hiː spiːks ˈlɪtəl ənd əˈmʌŋ ðə ˌɪnˈspaɪərd ˈpeɪntərz meɪ biː θɔːt ʌv æz wʌn ʌv ðə ˈlesər ˈprɑːfəts bʌt hɪz briːf bʊk ɪz ʌv ekˈstriːm ˈvæljuː/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Dante noun US /ˈdɑːnteɪ/

an Italian poet famous for writing the Divine Comedy that describes a journey through Hell and purgatory and paradise guided by Virgil and his idealized Beatrice (1265-1321)

From this reading “Hesiod is one of these, Plato another, Dante another, Carpaccio is another.”

Hesiod noun US /ˈhiːsiəd/

Greek poet whose existing works describe rural life and the genealogies of the gods and the beginning of the world (eighth century BC)

From this reading “Hesiod is one of these, Plato another, Dante another, Carpaccio is another.”

ironically adverb US /aɪˈrɑːnɪkli/

contrary to plan or expectation

From this reading “I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’”

nobody's noun US /ˈnoʊbɑːdiːz/

possessive form of “nobody” — a person of no influence

opine verb US /oʊˈpaɪn/

express one's opinion openly and without fear or hesitation

From this reading “There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.”

painters noun US /ˈpeɪntərz/

plural of “painter” — an artist who paints

From this reading “He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.”

Plato noun US /ˈpleɪtoʊ/

ancient Athenian philosopher; pupil of Socrates; teacher of Aristotle (428-347 BC)

From this reading “Hesiod is one of these, Plato another, Dante another, Carpaccio is another.”

prophets noun US /ˈprɑːfəts/

the second of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures

From this reading “He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

human life adjective + noun

In this reading “There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.”

know the truths verb + article + noun counted as “know … truth”

In this reading “There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1876

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Venice, 4th October, 1876.

4th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Venice, 4th October, 1876.

ableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Hesiod is one of these, Plato another, Dante another, Carpaccio is another.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.

briefadjectiveUS /briːf/

of short duration or distance

From this reading He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

Carpaccio

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.

consequencenounUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwəns/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.

DantenounUS /ˈdɑːnteɪ/

an Italian poet famous for writing the Divine Comedy that describes a journey through Hell and purgatory and paradise guided by Virgil and his idealized Beatrice (1265-1321)

From this reading Hesiod is one of these, Plato another, Dante another, Carpaccio is another.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

extremeadjectiveUS /ekˈstriːm/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.

HesiodnounUS /ˈhiːsiəd/

Greek poet whose existing works describe rural life and the genealogies of the gods and the beginning of the world (eighth century BC)

From this reading Hesiod is one of these, Plato another, Dante another, Carpaccio is another.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

inspiredadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈspaɪərd/

being of such surpassing excellence as to suggest inspiration by the gods

From this reading He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.

ironicallyadverbUS /aɪˈrɑːnɪkli/

contrary to plan or expectation

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Hesiod is one of these, Plato another, Dante another, Carpaccio is another.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

lesseradjectiveUS /ˈlesər/

of less size or importance

From this reading He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.

long-promised

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.

nobody'snounUS /ˈnoʊbɑːdiːz/

possessive form of “nobody” — a person of no influence

From this reading There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

OctobernounUS /ɑːkˈtoʊbər/

the month following September and preceding November

From this reading Venice, 4th October, 1876.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Hesiod is one of these, Plato another, Dante another, Carpaccio is another.

opineverbUS /oʊˈpaɪn/

express one's opinion openly and without fear or hesitation

From this reading There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.

opinionsnounUS /əˈpɪnjənz/

plural of “opinion” — a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

opposedadjectiveUS /əˈpoʊzd/

being in opposition or having an opponent

From this reading There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.

paintersnounUS /ˈpeɪntərz/

plural of “painter” — an artist who paints

From this reading He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.

PlatonounUS /ˈpleɪtoʊ/

ancient Athenian philosopher; pupil of Socrates; teacher of Aristotle (428-347 BC)

From this reading Hesiod is one of these, Plato another, Dante another, Carpaccio is another.

practicaladjectiveUS /ˈpræktəkəl/

concerned with actual use or practice

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

prophetsnounUS /ˈprɑːfəts/

the second of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures

From this reading He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

speaksverbUS /spiːks/

third-person singular of “speak” — express in speech

From this reading He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.

subjectsnounUS /ˈsʌbdʒɪkts/

plural of “subject” — the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Hesiod is one of these, Plato another, Dante another, Carpaccio is another.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

truthsnounUS /truːθs/

plural of “truth” — a fact that has been verified

From this reading There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.

valuenounUS /ˈvæljuː/

a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed

From this reading He speaks little, and among the inspired painters may be thought of as one of the lesser prophets; but his brief book is of extreme value.

VenicenounUS /ˈvenəs/

the provincial capital of Veneto; built on 118 islands within a lagoon in the Gulf of Venice; has canals instead of streets; one of Italy's major ports and a famous tourist attraction

From this reading Venice, 4th October, 1876.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading There are certain men who know the truths necessary to human life; they do not ‘opine’ them; and nobody’s ‘opinions,’ on any subject, are of any consequence opposed to them.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading I am able at last to give you some of the long-promised opinions of Carpaccio on practical subjects; not that, except ironically, I ever call them ‘opinions.’

Chapter 11 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8) by John Ruskin holds 417 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8) contain?

Chapter 11 holds 417 sentences of Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8), unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8) by John Ruskin exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 417 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8)?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8)

Common questions about reading Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8) by John Ruskin on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8)?

Yes. All 4192 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #70181 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #70181, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8) take to read?

About 349 minutes of reading across 839 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8) section by section

How to work through Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

November
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
House
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Friend
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Being
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.