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Fort Lafayette
Fort Lafayette

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of Fort Lafayette is here in full — 90 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Fort Lafayette
Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.
But an expression of bewildered and sorrowful surprise suddenly overspread his countenance.
Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.
She was apparently lost in thought to all around her.
She was thinking--of what?
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Fort Lafayette

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of Fort Lafayette is here in full — 90 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.
Line 2
But an expression of bewildered and sorrowful surprise suddenly overspread his countenance.
Line 3
Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.
Line 4
She was apparently lost in thought to all around her.
/ʃiː wɑːz əˈperəntli lɔːst ɪn θɔːt tuː ɔːl ərˈaʊnd hɜːr/
Line 5
She was thinking--of what?

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cushioned adjective US /ˈkʊʃənd/

softened by the addition of cushions or padding

From this reading “Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.”

degradation noun US /ˌdeɡrəˈdeɪʃən/

changing to a lower state (a less respected state)

From this reading “Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.”

harden verb US /ˈhɑːrdən/

become hard or harder

From this reading “Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.”

heaved verb US /hiːvd/

past form of “heave” — utter a sound, as with obvious effort

From this reading “Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.”

involuntary adjective US /ˌɪnˈvɑːlənteri/

not subject to the control of the will

From this reading “Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.”

palms noun US /pɑːmz/

plural of “palm” — the inner surface of the hand from the wrist to the base of the fingers

From this reading “Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.”

womanhood noun US /ˈwʊmənhʊd/

the state of being an adult woman

From this reading “Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.”

wrecks noun US /reks/

plural of “wreck” — something or someone that has suffered ruin or dilapidation

From this reading “Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading She was apparently lost in thought to all around her.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading But an expression of bewildered and sorrowful surprise suddenly overspread his countenance.

apparentlyadverbUS /əˈperəntli/

from appearances alone

From this reading She was apparently lost in thought to all around her.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading She was apparently lost in thought to all around her.

ArthurnounUS /ˈɑːrθər/

elected vice president and became 21st President of the United States when Garfield was assassinated (1830-1886)

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.

bentnounUS /bent/

a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way

From this reading Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.

bewilderedadjectiveUS /bɪˈwɪldərd/

perplexed by many conflicting situations or statements; filled with bewilderment

From this reading But an expression of bewildered and sorrowful surprise suddenly overspread his countenance.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But an expression of bewildered and sorrowful surprise suddenly overspread his countenance.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

chimney-corner

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.

countenancenounUS /ˈkaʊntənəns/

the appearance conveyed by a person's face

From this reading But an expression of bewildered and sorrowful surprise suddenly overspread his countenance.

cushionedadjectiveUS /ˈkʊʃənd/

softened by the addition of cushions or padding

From this reading Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.

degradationnounUS /ˌdeɡrəˈdeɪʃən/

changing to a lower state (a less respected state)

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

displaynounUS /dɪˈspleɪ/

something intended to communicate a particular impression

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

elbowsnounUS /ˈelboʊz/

plural of “elbow” — hinge joint between the forearm and upper arm and the corresponding joint in the forelimb of a quadruped

From this reading Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.

expressionnounUS /ɪkˈspreʃən/

the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading But an expression of bewildered and sorrowful surprise suddenly overspread his countenance.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.

gazedverbUS /ɡeɪzd/

past form of “gaze” — look at with fixed eyes

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

hardenverbUS /ˈhɑːrdən/

become hard or harder

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

heavedverbUS /hiːvd/

past form of “heave” — utter a sound, as with obvious effort

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading But an expression of bewildered and sorrowful surprise suddenly overspread his countenance.

impudentadjective

marked by casual disrespect

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading She was apparently lost in thought to all around her.

involuntaryadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈvɑːlənteri/

not subject to the control of the will

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

kneesnounUS /niːz/

plural of “knee” — hinge joint in the human leg connecting the tibia and fibula with the femur and protected in front by the patella

From this reading Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading She was apparently lost in thought to all around her.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

overspreadverb

spread across or over

From this reading But an expression of bewildered and sorrowful surprise suddenly overspread his countenance.

palmsnounUS /pɑːmz/

plural of “palm” — the inner surface of the hand from the wrist to the base of the fingers

From this reading Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.

restingverbUS /ˈrestɪŋ/

-ing form of “rest” — not move; be in a resting position

From this reading Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.

sadadjectiveUS /sæd/

experiencing or showing sorrow or unhappiness

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

SeatedadjectiveUS /ˈsiːtɪd/

(of persons) having the torso erect and legs bent with the body supported on the buttocks

From this reading Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.

sensenounUS /sens/

a general conscious awareness

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She was apparently lost in thought to all around her.

sighverbUS /saɪ/

heave or utter a sigh; breathe deeply and heavily

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

sorrowfuladjectiveUS /ˈsɑːroʊfəl/

experiencing or marked by or expressing sorrow especially that associated with irreparable loss

From this reading But an expression of bewildered and sorrowful surprise suddenly overspread his countenance.

stoolnounUS /stuːl/

a simple seat without a back or arms

From this reading Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.

strivingnounUS /ˈstraɪvɪŋ/

an effortful attempt to attain a goal

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

suddenlyadverbUS /ˈsʌdənli/

happening unexpectedly

From this reading But an expression of bewildered and sorrowful surprise suddenly overspread his countenance.

surprisenounUS /sərˈpraɪz/

the astonishment you feel when something totally unexpected happens to you

From this reading But an expression of bewildered and sorrowful surprise suddenly overspread his countenance.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

thinkingnounUS /ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/

the process of using your mind to consider something carefully

From this reading She was thinking--of what?

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading She was apparently lost in thought to all around her.

thoughtfullyadverbUS /ˈθɔːtfəli/

in a thoughtful manner

From this reading Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading She was thinking--of what?

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.

womanhoodnounUS /ˈwʊmənhʊd/

the state of being an adult woman

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

wrecksnounUS /reks/

plural of “wreck” — something or someone that has suffered ruin or dilapidation

From this reading Arthur heaved an involuntary sigh, as he gazed upon those sad wrecks of womanhood, striving to harden their sense of degradation by its impudent display.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Seated alone upon a cushioned stool, at the chimney-corner, was a young woman, her elbows resting upon her knees, and her face bent thoughtfully upon her palms.

Chapter 13 of Fort Lafayette by Benjamin Wood holds 90 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Fort Lafayette contain?

Chapter 13 holds 90 sentences of Fort Lafayette, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Fort Lafayette by Benjamin Wood exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 90 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Fort Lafayette?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Fort Lafayette

Common questions about reading Fort Lafayette by Benjamin Wood on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Fort Lafayette?

Yes. All 2836 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12452 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Fort Lafayette is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12452, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Fort Lafayette take to read?

About 236 minutes of reading across 568 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Fort Lafayette section by section

How to work through Fort Lafayette section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of Fort Lafayette to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Fort Lafayette

Words and structures a reader meets early in Fort Lafayette, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Pleasant
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fort Lafayette; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Villa
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fort Lafayette; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Southern
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fort Lafayette; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
James
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fort Lafayette; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.