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Four American Naval Heroes
Four American Naval Heroes

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Four American Naval Heroes is here in full — 418 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Four American Naval Heroes
Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Paul Jones at once signaled to his ships to form in line of battle.
Captain Landais disobeyed.
The sight of the American squadron seemed to cause confusion in the English fleet.
They let fly their top gallant sails and fired many signals.
The _Serapis_ and the _Countess_ drew up in line of battle and waited for the enemy, while the merchant ships ran into port.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
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Four American Naval Heroes

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Four American Naval Heroes is here in full — 418 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Paul Jones at once signaled to his ships to form in line of battle.
/pɔːl dʒoʊnz æt wʌns ˈsɪɡnəld tuː hɪz ʃɪps tuː fɔːrm ɪn laɪn ʌv ˈbætəl/
Line 2
Captain Landais disobeyed.
Line 3
The sight of the American squadron seemed to cause confusion in the English fleet.
/ðə saɪt ʌv ðə əˈmerəkən ˈskwɑːdrən siːmd tuː kɑːz kənˈfjuːʒən ɪn ðə ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ fliːt/
Line 4
They let fly their top gallant sails and fired many signals.
/ðeɪ let flaɪ ðer tɑːp ˈɡælənt seɪlz ənd ˈfaɪərd ˈmeni ˈsɪɡnəlz/
Line 5
The _Serapis_ and the _Countess_ drew up in line of battle and waited for the enemy, while the merchant ships ran into port.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

disobeyed verb US /ˌdɪsoʊˈbeɪd/

past form of “disobey” — refuse to go along with; refuse to follow; be disobedient

From this reading “Captain Landais disobeyed.”

fleet noun US /fliːt/

group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading “The sight of the American squadron seemed to cause confusion in the English fleet.”

gallant adjective US /ˈɡælənt/

unflinching in battle or action

From this reading “They let fly their top gallant sails and fired many signals.”

merchant noun US /ˈmɜːr.tʃənt/

A person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially with foreign countries.

From this reading “The _Serapis_ and the _Countess_ drew up in line of battle and waited for the enemy, while the merchant ships ran into port.”

sails noun US /seɪlz/

plural of “sail” — a large piece of fabric (usually canvas fabric) by means of which wind is used to propel a sailing vessel

From this reading “They let fly their top gallant sails and fired many signals.”

signaled verb US /ˈsɪɡnəld/

past form of “signal” — communicate silently and non-verbally by signals or signs

From this reading “Paul Jones at once signaled to his ships to form in line of battle.”

signals noun US /ˈsɪɡnəlz/

plural of “signal” — any nonverbal action or gesture that encodes a message

From this reading “They let fly their top gallant sails and fired many signals.”

squadron noun US /ˈskwɑːdrən/

a cavalry unit consisting of two or more troops and headquarters and supporting arms

From this reading “The sight of the American squadron seemed to cause confusion in the English fleet.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

at once preposition + adverb

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

In this reading “Paul Jones at once signaled to his ships to form in line of battle.”

waited for verb + particle counted as “wait for”

In this reading “The _Serapis_ and the _Countess_ drew up in line of battle and waited for the enemy, while the merchant ships ran into port.”

into port preposition + noun

In this reading “The _Serapis_ and the _Countess_ drew up in line of battle and waited for the enemy, while the merchant ships ran into port.”

ran into verb + particle counted as “run into”

be beset by

In this reading “The _Serapis_ and the _Countess_ drew up in line of battle and waited for the enemy, while the merchant ships ran into port.”

All words in this reading · 48

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading The sight of the American squadron seemed to cause confusion in the English fleet.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading They let fly their top gallant sails and fired many signals.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Paul Jones at once signaled to his ships to form in line of battle.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading Paul Jones at once signaled to his ships to form in line of battle.

CaptainnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading Captain Landais disobeyed.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading The sight of the American squadron seemed to cause confusion in the English fleet.

confusionnounUS /kənˈfjuːʒən/

disorder resulting from a failure to behave predictably

From this reading The sight of the American squadron seemed to cause confusion in the English fleet.

CountessnounUS /ˈkaʊntəs/

female equivalent of a count or earl

From this reading The _Serapis_ and the _Countess_ drew up in line of battle and waited for the enemy, while the merchant ships ran into port.

disobeyedverbUS /ˌdɪsoʊˈbeɪd/

past form of “disobey” — refuse to go along with; refuse to follow; be disobedient

From this reading Captain Landais disobeyed.

drewnounUS /druː/

United States actor (born in Ireland); father of Georgiana Emma Barrymore (1827-1862)

From this reading The _Serapis_ and the _Countess_ drew up in line of battle and waited for the enemy, while the merchant ships ran into port.

enemynounUS /ˈenəmi/

an opposing military force

From this reading The _Serapis_ and the _Countess_ drew up in line of battle and waited for the enemy, while the merchant ships ran into port.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading The sight of the American squadron seemed to cause confusion in the English fleet.

firedadjectiveUS /ˈfaɪərd/

having lost your job

From this reading They let fly their top gallant sails and fired many signals.

fleetnounUS /fliːt/

group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading The sight of the American squadron seemed to cause confusion in the English fleet.

flyverbUS /flaɪ/

travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading They let fly their top gallant sails and fired many signals.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The _Serapis_ and the _Countess_ drew up in line of battle and waited for the enemy, while the merchant ships ran into port.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading Paul Jones at once signaled to his ships to form in line of battle.

gallantadjectiveUS /ˈɡælənt/

unflinching in battle or action

From this reading They let fly their top gallant sails and fired many signals.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Paul Jones at once signaled to his ships to form in line of battle.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Paul Jones at once signaled to his ships to form in line of battle.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The _Serapis_ and the _Countess_ drew up in line of battle and waited for the enemy, while the merchant ships ran into port.

JonesnounUS /dʒoʊnz/

United States labor leader (born in Ireland) who helped to found the Industrial Workers of the World (1830-1930)

From this reading Paul Jones at once signaled to his ships to form in line of battle.

Landais

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Captain Landais disobeyed.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading They let fly their top gallant sails and fired many signals.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading Paul Jones at once signaled to his ships to form in line of battle.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading They let fly their top gallant sails and fired many signals.

merchantnounUS /ˈmɜːr.tʃənt/

A person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially with foreign countries.

From this reading The _Serapis_ and the _Countess_ drew up in line of battle and waited for the enemy, while the merchant ships ran into port.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Paul Jones at once signaled to his ships to form in line of battle.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Paul Jones at once signaled to his ships to form in line of battle.

PaulnounUS /pɔːl/

United States feminist (1885-1977)

From this reading Paul Jones at once signaled to his ships to form in line of battle.

portnounUS /pɔːrt/

a place (seaport or airport) where people and merchandise can enter or leave a country

From this reading The _Serapis_ and the _Countess_ drew up in line of battle and waited for the enemy, while the merchant ships ran into port.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading The _Serapis_ and the _Countess_ drew up in line of battle and waited for the enemy, while the merchant ships ran into port.

sailsnounUS /seɪlz/

plural of “sail” — a large piece of fabric (usually canvas fabric) by means of which wind is used to propel a sailing vessel

From this reading They let fly their top gallant sails and fired many signals.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading The sight of the American squadron seemed to cause confusion in the English fleet.

Serapis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The _Serapis_ and the _Countess_ drew up in line of battle and waited for the enemy, while the merchant ships ran into port.

shipsnounUS /ʃɪps/

plural of “ship” — a vessel that carries passengers or freight

From this reading Paul Jones at once signaled to his ships to form in line of battle.

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading The sight of the American squadron seemed to cause confusion in the English fleet.

signaledverbUS /ˈsɪɡnəld/

past form of “signal” — communicate silently and non-verbally by signals or signs

From this reading Paul Jones at once signaled to his ships to form in line of battle.

signalsnounUS /ˈsɪɡnəlz/

plural of “signal” — any nonverbal action or gesture that encodes a message

From this reading They let fly their top gallant sails and fired many signals.

squadronnounUS /ˈskwɑːdrən/

a cavalry unit consisting of two or more troops and headquarters and supporting arms

From this reading The sight of the American squadron seemed to cause confusion in the English fleet.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The sight of the American squadron seemed to cause confusion in the English fleet.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading They let fly their top gallant sails and fired many signals.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They let fly their top gallant sails and fired many signals.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Paul Jones at once signaled to his ships to form in line of battle.

topnounUS /tɑːp/

the upper part of anything

From this reading They let fly their top gallant sails and fired many signals.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The _Serapis_ and the _Countess_ drew up in line of battle and waited for the enemy, while the merchant ships ran into port.

waitedverbUS /ˈweɪtɪd/

past form of “wait” — stay in one place and anticipate or expect something

From this reading The _Serapis_ and the _Countess_ drew up in line of battle and waited for the enemy, while the merchant ships ran into port.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading The _Serapis_ and the _Countess_ drew up in line of battle and waited for the enemy, while the merchant ships ran into port.

Chapter 2 of Four American Naval Heroes by Mabel Borton Beebe holds 418 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Four American Naval Heroes contain?

Chapter 2 holds 418 sentences of Four American Naval Heroes, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Four American Naval Heroes by Mabel Borton Beebe exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 418 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Four American Naval Heroes?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Four American Naval Heroes

Common questions about reading Four American Naval Heroes by Mabel Borton Beebe on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Four American Naval Heroes?

Yes. All 2504 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #36581 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Four American Naval Heroes is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #36581, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Four American Naval Heroes take to read?

About 208 minutes of reading across 501 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Four American Naval Heroes section by section

How to work through Four American Naval Heroes section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of Four American Naval Heroes to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Four American Naval Heroes

Words and structures a reader meets early in Four American Naval Heroes, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Four American Naval Heroes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Times
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Four American Naval Heroes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Four American Naval Heroes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Country
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Four American Naval Heroes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.