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Four American poets
Four American poets

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of Four American poets is here in full — 50 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.
He composed it in his room at the Craigie House, which had been Washington’s chamber.
The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.
For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.
“The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Four American poets

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of Four American poets is here in full — 50 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.
Line 2
He composed it in his room at the Craigie House, which had been Washington’s chamber.
/hiː kəmˈpoʊzd ɪt ɪn hɪz ruːm æt ðə ˈkreɪɡi haʊs wɪtʃ hæd bɪn ˈwɑːʃɪŋtənz ˈtʃeɪmbər/
Line 3
The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.
/ðə deθ ʌv hɪz jʌŋ waɪf hæd əˈflɪktɪd hɪm ˈdiːpli ənd wʌn deɪ æz hiː sæt bɪˈtwiːn tuː ˈwɪndoʊz ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈsædli aʊt ðɪs ˈpoʊəm keɪm ˈɪntuː hɪz maɪnd ənd hiː roʊt ɪt/
Line 4
For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.
/fɔːr ə lɔːŋ taɪm noʊ wʌn nuː ʌv ɪts eɡˈzɪstəns ənd ɪt wɑːz nɑːt ənˈtɪl ˈmeni mʌnθs ˈleɪtər ðæt hiː sent ɪt tuː biː ˈpʌblɪʃt/
Line 5
“The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.
/ðə ˈriːpər ənd ðə ˈflaʊərz wɑːz ˈrɪtən ɪn mʌtʃ ðə seɪm weɪ ənd ðə laɪt ʌv stɑːrz wɑːz kəmˈpoʊzd ɑːn ə sərˈiːn ənd ˈbjuːtəfəl ˈsʌmər ˈiːvnɪŋ ɪɡˈzæktli səˈdʒestɪv ʌv ðə ˈpoʊəm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

afflicted adjective US /əˈflɪktɪd/

grievously affected especially by disease

From this reading “The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.”

Craigie noun US /ˈkreɪɡi/

English lexicographer who was a joint editor of the Oxford English Dictionary (1872-1966)

From this reading “He composed it in his room at the Craigie House, which had been Washington’s chamber.”

Longfellow noun US /ˈlɔːŋfeloʊ/

United States poet remembered for his long narrative poems (1807-1882)

From this reading “HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.”

Psalm noun US /sɑːlm/

one of the 150 lyrical poems and prayers that comprise the Book of Psalms in the Old Testament; said to have been written by David

From this reading “HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.”

Reaper noun US /ˈriːpər/

someone who helps to gather the harvest

From this reading ““The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.”

serene adjective US /sərˈiːn/

not agitated; without losing self-possession

From this reading ““The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.”

suggestive adjective US /səˈdʒestɪv/

tending to suggest or imply

From this reading ““The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.”

Washington's noun US /ˈwɑːʃɪŋtənz/

possessive form of “washington” — the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

summer evening noun + noun

In this reading ““The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.”

long time adjective + noun

a prolonged period of time

In this reading “For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.”

many months adjective + noun counted as “many month”

In this reading “For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.”

often spoken adverb + adjective

In this reading “HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.”

between two preposition + noun

In this reading “The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.”

same way adjective + noun

In this reading ““The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.”

young wife adjective + noun

In this reading “The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.”

two windows noun + noun

In this reading “The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.”

All words in this reading · 89

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.

afflictedadjectiveUS /əˈflɪktɪd/

grievously affected especially by disease

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He composed it in his room at the Craigie House, which had been Washington’s chamber.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading “The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He composed it in his room at the Craigie House, which had been Washington’s chamber.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

chambernounUS /ˈtʃeɪmbər/

a natural or artificial enclosed space

From this reading He composed it in his room at the Craigie House, which had been Washington’s chamber.

composedadjectiveUS /kəmˈpoʊzd/

serenely self-possessed and free from agitation especially in times of stress

From this reading He composed it in his room at the Craigie House, which had been Washington’s chamber.

CraigienounUS /ˈkreɪɡi/

English lexicographer who was a joint editor of the Oxford English Dictionary (1872-1966)

From this reading He composed it in his room at the Craigie House, which had been Washington’s chamber.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

deeplyadverbUS /ˈdiːpli/

to a great depth psychologically or emotionally

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading “The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

exactlyadverbUS /ɪɡˈzæktli/

indicating exactness or preciseness

From this reading “The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.

existencenounUS /eɡˈzɪstəns/

the state or fact of existing

From this reading For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.

FlowersnounUS /ˈflaʊərz/

plural of “flower” — a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading “The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.

GREATadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

greatestadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He composed it in his room at the Craigie House, which had been Washington’s chamber.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He composed it in his room at the Craigie House, which had been Washington’s chamber.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He composed it in his room at the Craigie House, which had been Washington’s chamber.

HousenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading He composed it in his room at the Craigie House, which had been Washington’s chamber.

HOW

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He composed it in his room at the Craigie House, which had been Washington’s chamber.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He composed it in his room at the Craigie House, which had been Washington’s chamber.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.

LifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

LightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading “The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.

LongfellownounUS /ˈlɔːŋfeloʊ/

United States poet remembered for his long narrative poems (1807-1882)

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading “The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading “The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

poemnounUS /ˈpoʊəm/

a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

POEMSnounUS /ˈpoʊəmz/

plural of “poem” — a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

PsalmnounUS /sɑːlm/

one of the 150 lyrical poems and prayers that comprise the Book of Psalms in the Old Testament; said to have been written by David

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

publishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.

ReapernounUS /ˈriːpər/

someone who helps to gather the harvest

From this reading “The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading He composed it in his room at the Craigie House, which had been Washington’s chamber.

sadlyadverbUS /ˈsædli/

in an unfortunate way

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading “The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.

sereneadjectiveUS /sərˈiːn/

not agitated; without losing self-possession

From this reading “The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.

SOMEadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

spokenadjectiveUS /ˈspoʊkən/

uttered through the medium of speech or characterized by speech; sometimes used in combination

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

StarsnounUS /stɑːrz/

plural of “star” — (astronomy) a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior

From this reading “The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.

suggestiveadjectiveUS /səˈdʒestɪv/

tending to suggest or imply

From this reading “The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading “The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading For a long time no one knew of its existence, and it was not until many months later that he sent it to be published.

Washington'snounUS /ˈwɑːʃɪŋtənz/

possessive form of “washington” — the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791

From this reading He composed it in his room at the Craigie House, which had been Washington’s chamber.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading “The Reaper and the Flowers” was written in much the same way, and “The Light of Stars” was composed on a serene and beautiful summer evening, exactly suggestive of the poem.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

WEREauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He composed it in his room at the Craigie House, which had been Washington’s chamber.

wifenounUS /waɪf/

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

windowsnounUS /ˈwɪndoʊz/

(trademark) an operating system with a graphical user interface

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

WRITTENadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

wroteverbUS /roʊt/

inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading HOW SOME OF THE GREAT POEMS WERE WRITTEN We have already often spoken of the “Psalm of Life,” perhaps the greatest poem Longfellow ever wrote.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading The death of his young wife had afflicted him deeply, and one day as he sat between two windows, looking sadly out, this poem came into his mind and he wrote it.

Chapter 19 of Four American poets by Sherwin Cody holds 50 sentences, grouped into 10 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of Four American poets contain?

Chapter 19 holds 50 sentences of Four American poets, unabridged, divided into 10 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of Four American poets by Sherwin Cody exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 50 sentences, grouped into 10 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of Four American poets?

Work through the 10 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 10 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Four American poets

Common questions about reading Four American poets by Sherwin Cody on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Four American poets?

Yes. All 1981 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #76822 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Four American poets is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #76822, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Four American poets take to read?

About 165 minutes of reading across 397 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Four American poets section by section

How to work through Four American poets section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Four American poets to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Four American poets

Words and structures a reader meets early in Four American poets, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Sherwin
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Four American poets; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Four American poets; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Short
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Four American poets; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Four American poets; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.