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Four Arthurian Romances
Four Arthurian Romances

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of Four Arthurian Romances is here in full — 279 sentences across 56 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/55 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
(Vv.
2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.
Many an ensign of red, blue, and white, many a veil and many a sleeve were bestowed as tokens of love.
Many a lance was carried there, flying the colours argent and green, or gold and azure blue.
There were many, too, with different devices, some with stripes and some with dots.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Four Arthurian Romances

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of Four Arthurian Romances is here in full — 279 sentences across 56 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/55 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
(Vv.
Line 2
2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.
Line 3
Many an ensign of red, blue, and white, many a veil and many a sleeve were bestowed as tokens of love.
/ˈmeni æn ˈensən ʌv red bluː ənd waɪt ˈmeni ə veɪl ənd ˈmeni ə sliːv wɜːr bɪˈstoʊd æz ˈtoʊkənz ʌv lʌv/
Line 4
Many a lance was carried there, flying the colours argent and green, or gold and azure blue.
/ˈmeni ə læns wɑːz ˈkærid ðer ˈflaɪɪŋ ðə ˈkʌlərz ˈɑːrdʒɪnt ənd ɡriːn ɔːr ɡoʊld ənd ˈæʒər bluː/
Line 5
There were many, too, with different devices, some with stripes and some with dots.
/ðer wɜːr ˈmeni tuː wɪð ˈdɪfərənt dɪˈvaɪsəz sʌm wɪð straɪps ənd sʌm wɪð dɑːts/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

argent noun US /ˈɑːrdʒɪnt/

a metal tincture used in heraldry to give a silvery appearance

From this reading “Many a lance was carried there, flying the colours argent and green, or gold and azure blue.”

dots noun US /dɑːts/

plural of “dot” — a very small circular shape

From this reading “There were many, too, with different devices, some with stripes and some with dots.”

ensign noun US /ˈensən/

a person who holds a commissioned rank in the United States Navy or the United States Coast Guard; below lieutenant junior grade

From this reading “Many an ensign of red, blue, and white, many a veil and many a sleeve were bestowed as tokens of love.”

jousting verb US /ˈdʒaʊstɪŋ/

-ing form of “joust” — joust against somebody in a tournament by fighting on horseback

From this reading “2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.”

Pentecost noun US /ˈpentəkɔːst/

seventh Sunday after Easter; commemorates the emanation of the Holy Spirit to the Apostles; a quarter day in Scotland

From this reading “2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.”

stripes noun US /straɪps/

V-shaped sleeve badge indicating military rank and service

From this reading “There were many, too, with different devices, some with stripes and some with dots.”

tokens noun US /ˈtoʊkənz/

plural of “token” — an individual instance of a type of symbol

From this reading “Many an ensign of red, blue, and white, many a veil and many a sleeve were bestowed as tokens of love.”

tournament noun US /ˈtʊrnəmənt/

a sporting competition in which contestants play a series of games to decide the winner

From this reading “2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.”

All words in this reading · 49

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

2135

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.

2292

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading 2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading 2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Many an ensign of red, blue, and white, many a veil and many a sleeve were bestowed as tokens of love.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading 2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.

argentnounUS /ˈɑːrdʒɪnt/

a metal tincture used in heraldry to give a silvery appearance

From this reading Many a lance was carried there, flying the colours argent and green, or gold and azure blue.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Many an ensign of red, blue, and white, many a veil and many a sleeve were bestowed as tokens of love.

assembledverbUS /əˈsembəld/

past form of “assemble” — create by putting components or members together

From this reading 2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.

azurenounUS /ˈæʒər/

a light shade of blue

From this reading Many a lance was carried there, flying the colours argent and green, or gold and azure blue.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading 2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.

belowprepositionUS /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading 2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.

bestowedverbUS /bɪˈstoʊd/

past form of “bestow” — present

From this reading Many an ensign of red, blue, and white, many a veil and many a sleeve were bestowed as tokens of love.

blueadjectiveUS /bluː/

of the color intermediate between green and violet; having a color similar to that of a clear unclouded sky

From this reading Many an ensign of red, blue, and white, many a veil and many a sleeve were bestowed as tokens of love.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Many a lance was carried there, flying the colours argent and green, or gold and azure blue.

coloursnounUS /ˈkʌlərz/

a distinguishing emblem

From this reading Many a lance was carried there, flying the colours argent and green, or gold and azure blue.

devicesnounUS /dɪˈvaɪsəz/

an inclination or desire; used in the plural in the phrase “left to your own devices”

From this reading There were many, too, with different devices, some with stripes and some with dots.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading There were many, too, with different devices, some with stripes and some with dots.

dotsnounUS /dɑːts/

plural of “dot” — a very small circular shape

From this reading There were many, too, with different devices, some with stripes and some with dots.

ensignnounUS /ˈensən/

a person who holds a commissioned rank in the United States Navy or the United States Coast Guard; below lieutenant junior grade

From this reading Many an ensign of red, blue, and white, many a veil and many a sleeve were bestowed as tokens of love.

flyingadjectiveUS /ˈflaɪɪŋ/

moving swiftly

From this reading Many a lance was carried there, flying the colours argent and green, or gold and azure blue.

goldnounUS /ɡoʊld/

coins made of gold

From this reading Many a lance was carried there, flying the colours argent and green, or gold and azure blue.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading Many a lance was carried there, flying the colours argent and green, or gold and azure blue.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading 2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.

joustingverbUS /ˈdʒaʊstɪŋ/

-ing form of “joust” — joust against somebody in a tournament by fighting on horseback

From this reading 2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.

lancenounUS /læns/

a long pointed rod used as a tool or weapon

From this reading Many a lance was carried there, flying the colours argent and green, or gold and azure blue.

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading Many an ensign of red, blue, and white, many a veil and many a sleeve were bestowed as tokens of love.

ManyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Many an ensign of red, blue, and white, many a veil and many a sleeve were bestowed as tokens of love.

monthnounUS /mʌnθ/

one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading 2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Many an ensign of red, blue, and white, many a veil and many a sleeve were bestowed as tokens of love.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Many a lance was carried there, flying the colours argent and green, or gold and azure blue.

PentecostnounUS /ˈpentəkɔːst/

seventh Sunday after Easter; commemorates the emanation of the Holy Spirit to the Apostles; a quarter day in Scotland

From this reading 2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading 2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.

rednounUS /red/

red color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood

From this reading Many an ensign of red, blue, and white, many a veil and many a sleeve were bestowed as tokens of love.

sleevenounUS /sliːv/

the part of a garment that is attached at the armhole and that provides a cloth covering for the arm

From this reading Many an ensign of red, blue, and white, many a veil and many a sleeve were bestowed as tokens of love.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading There were many, too, with different devices, some with stripes and some with dots.

stripesnounUS /straɪps/

V-shaped sleeve badge indicating military rank and service

From this reading There were many, too, with different devices, some with stripes and some with dots.

Tenebroc

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading 2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Many a lance was carried there, flying the colours argent and green, or gold and azure blue.

tokensnounUS /ˈtoʊkənz/

plural of “token” — an individual instance of a type of symbol

From this reading Many an ensign of red, blue, and white, many a veil and many a sleeve were bestowed as tokens of love.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading There were many, too, with different devices, some with stripes and some with dots.

tournamentnounUS /ˈtʊrnəmənt/

a sporting competition in which contestants play a series of games to decide the winner

From this reading 2135-2292.) A month after Pentecost the tournament assembled, and the jousting began in the plain below Tenebroc.

veilnounUS /veɪl/

a garment that covers the head and face

From this reading Many an ensign of red, blue, and white, many a veil and many a sleeve were bestowed as tokens of love.

Vv

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading (Vv.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Many a lance was carried there, flying the colours argent and green, or gold and azure blue.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Many an ensign of red, blue, and white, many a veil and many a sleeve were bestowed as tokens of love.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading Many an ensign of red, blue, and white, many a veil and many a sleeve were bestowed as tokens of love.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading There were many, too, with different devices, some with stripes and some with dots.

Chapter 5 of Four Arthurian Romances by de Troyes, active 12th century Chrétien holds 279 sentences, grouped into 56 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of Four Arthurian Romances contain?

Chapter 5 holds 279 sentences of Four Arthurian Romances, unabridged, divided into 56 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of Four Arthurian Romances by de Troyes, active 12th century Chrétien exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 279 sentences, grouped into 56 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of Four Arthurian Romances?

Work through the 56 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 56 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Four Arthurian Romances

Common questions about reading Four Arthurian Romances by de Troyes, active 12th century Chrétien on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Four Arthurian Romances?

Yes. All 9290 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #831 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Four Arthurian Romances is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #831, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Four Arthurian Romances take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1858 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Four Arthurian Romances section by section

How to work through Four Arthurian Romances section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Four Arthurian Romances to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Four Arthurian Romances

Words and structures a reader meets early in Four Arthurian Romances, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Century
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Four Arthurian Romances; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Originally
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Four Arthurian Romances; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Written
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Four Arthurian Romances; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
French
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Four Arthurian Romances; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.