Chapter 20 of Four Arthurian Romances is here in full — 231 sentences across 47 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.
Chapter XX
Chapter 20 of Four Arthurian Romances is here in full — 231 sentences across 47 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
(Vv. 5401-5466.) And she replies: "So let it be." With her permission Cligés left the room and went away. And she sends for Thessala, her maid, whom she brought with her from her native land. Thessala came at once without delay, yet not knowing why she was summoned.
Chapter 20 of Four Arthurian Romances is here in full — 231 sentences across 47 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
Reading 1/46 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5
These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.
Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.
cause to be slowed down or delayed
From this reading “Thessala came at once without delay, yet not knowing why she was summoned.”
evidencing the possession of inside information
From this reading “Thessala came at once without delay, yet not knowing why she was summoned.”
a female domestic
From this reading “And she sends for Thessala, her maid, whom she brought with her from her native land.”
characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin
From this reading “And she sends for Thessala, her maid, whom she brought with her from her native land.”
approval to do something
From this reading “With her permission Cligés left the room and went away.”
plural of “reply” — a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation
From this reading “5401-5466.) And she replies: "So let it be."”
third-person singular of “send” — cause to go somewhere
From this reading “And she sends for Thessala, her maid, whom she brought with her from her native land.”
past form of “summon” — call in an official matter, such as to attend court
From this reading “Thessala came at once without delay, yet not knowing why she was summoned.”
Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.
Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading 5401-5466.) And she replies: "So let it be."
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading 5401-5466.) And she replies: "So let it be."
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading 5401-5466.) And she replies: "So let it be."
in or near a particular place or position
From this reading Thessala came at once without delay, yet not knowing why she was summoned.
from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)
From this reading With her permission Cligés left the room and went away.
used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses
From this reading 5401-5466.) And she replies: "So let it be."
inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere
From this reading And she sends for Thessala, her maid, whom she brought with her from her native land.
inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody
From this reading Thessala came at once without delay, yet not knowing why she was summoned.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading With her permission Cligés left the room and went away.
cause to be slowed down or delayed
From this reading Thessala came at once without delay, yet not knowing why she was summoned.
intended to be given to, or used by, somebody
From this reading And she sends for Thessala, her maid, whom she brought with her from her native land.
showing where something starts, or who sent it
From this reading And she sends for Thessala, her maid, whom she brought with her from her native land.
belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned
From this reading With her permission Cligés left the room and went away.
a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned
From this reading 5401-5466.) And she replies: "So let it be."
evidencing the possession of inside information
From this reading Thessala came at once without delay, yet not knowing why she was summoned.
the land on which real estate is located
From this reading And she sends for Thessala, her maid, whom she brought with her from her native land.
location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east
From this reading With her permission Cligés left the room and went away.
used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker
From this reading 5401-5466.) And she replies: "So let it be."
a female domestic
From this reading And she sends for Thessala, her maid, whom she brought with her from her native land.
characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin
From this reading And she sends for Thessala, her maid, whom she brought with her from her native land.
used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative
From this reading Thessala came at once without delay, yet not knowing why she was summoned.
on one occasion
From this reading Thessala came at once without delay, yet not knowing why she was summoned.
approval to do something
From this reading With her permission Cligés left the room and went away.
plural of “reply” — a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation
From this reading 5401-5466.) And she replies: "So let it be."
an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling
From this reading With her permission Cligés left the room and went away.
third-person singular of “send” — cause to go somewhere
From this reading And she sends for Thessala, her maid, whom she brought with her from her native land.
a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading 5401-5466.) And she replies: "So let it be."
for that reason; with the result that
From this reading 5401-5466.) And she replies: "So let it be."
past form of “summon” — call in an official matter, such as to attend court
From this reading Thessala came at once without delay, yet not knowing why she was summoned.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading With her permission Cligés left the room and went away.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading And she sends for Thessala, her maid, whom she brought with her from her native land.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading (Vv.
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading Thessala came at once without delay, yet not knowing why she was summoned.
inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically
From this reading With her permission Cligés left the room and went away.
the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition
From this reading And she sends for Thessala, her maid, whom she brought with her from her native land.
the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”
From this reading Thessala came at once without delay, yet not knowing why she was summoned.
in the company of; together with
From this reading With her permission Cligés left the room and went away.
not having, not using, or not accompanied by
From this reading Thessala came at once without delay, yet not knowing why she was summoned.
but in spite of that
From this reading Thessala came at once without delay, yet not knowing why she was summoned.
Chapter 20 of Four Arthurian Romances by de Troyes, active 12th century Chrétien holds 231 sentences, grouped into 47 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.
Chapter 20 holds 231 sentences of Four Arthurian Romances, unabridged, divided into 47 reading sections.
This page carries chapter 20 of Four Arthurian Romances by de Troyes, active 12th century Chrétien exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 231 sentences, grouped into 47 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.
Work through the 47 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.
Each of the 47 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.
Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.
Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.
Common questions about reading Four Arthurian Romances by de Troyes, active 12th century Chrétien on this page, its source edition and its audio.
Yes. All 9290 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #831 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.
Project Gutenberg eBook #831, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.
About 600 minutes of reading across 1858 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.
How to work through Four Arthurian Romances section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.
Choose one of the 40 chapters of Four Arthurian Romances to begin.
Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.
Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.
Words and structures a reader meets early in Four Arthurian Romances, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.
