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Four Arthurian Romances
Four Arthurian Romances

Chapter XXV · Chapter 25

Chapter 25 of Four Arthurian Romances is here in full — 199 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/39 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
(Vv.
1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.
They found the lady seated upon a red cushion.
I assure you my lord Yvain was terrified upon entering the room, where he found the lady who spoke not a word to him.
At this he was still more afraid, being overcome with fear at the thought that he had been betrayed.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Four Arthurian Romances

Chapter XXV · Chapter 25

Chapter 25 of Four Arthurian Romances is here in full — 199 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/39 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
(Vv.
Line 2
1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.
Line 3
They found the lady seated upon a red cushion.
/ðeɪ faʊnd ðə ˈleɪdi ˈsiːtɪd əˈpɑːn ə red ˈkʊʃən/
Line 4
I assure you my lord Yvain was terrified upon entering the room, where he found the lady who spoke not a word to him.
Line 5
At this he was still more afraid, being overcome with fear at the thought that he had been betrayed.
/æt ðɪs hiː wɑːz stɪl mɔːr əˈfreɪd ˈbiːɪŋ ˈoʊvərkʌm wɪð fɪr æt ðə θɔːt ðæt hiː hæd bɪn bɪˈtreɪd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

betrayed verb US /bɪˈtreɪd/

past form of “betray” — reveal unintentionally

From this reading “At this he was still more afraid, being overcome with fear at the thought that he had been betrayed.”

cushion noun US /ˈkʊʃən/

a mechanical damper; absorbs energy of sudden impulses

From this reading “They found the lady seated upon a red cushion.”

damsel noun US /ˈdæmzəl/

a young unmarried woman

From this reading “1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.”

dearly adverb US /ˈdɪrli/

in a sincere and heartfelt manner

From this reading “1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.”

expecting verb US /ɪkˈspektɪŋ/

-ing form of “expect” — regard something as probable or likely

From this reading “1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.”

leads noun US /liːdz/

plural of “lead” — an advantage held by a competitor in a race

From this reading “1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.”

overcome verb US /ˈoʊvərkʌm/

win a victory over

From this reading “At this he was still more afraid, being overcome with fear at the thought that he had been betrayed.”

terrified adjective US /ˈterəfaɪd/

thrown into a state of intense fear or desperation

From this reading “I assure you my lord Yvain was terrified upon entering the room, where he found the lady who spoke not a word to him.”

All words in this reading · 61

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1943

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

2036

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading They found the lady seated upon a red cushion.

afraidadjectiveUS /əˈfreɪd/

filled with fear or apprehension

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

assureverbUS /əˈʃʊr/

make certain of

From this reading I assure you my lord Yvain was terrified upon entering the room, where he found the lady who spoke not a word to him.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At this he was still more afraid, being overcome with fear at the thought that he had been betrayed.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading At this he was still more afraid, being overcome with fear at the thought that he had been betrayed.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading At this he was still more afraid, being overcome with fear at the thought that he had been betrayed.

betrayedverbUS /bɪˈtreɪd/

past form of “betray” — reveal unintentionally

From this reading At this he was still more afraid, being overcome with fear at the thought that he had been betrayed.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

cushionnounUS /ˈkʊʃən/

a mechanical damper; absorbs energy of sudden impulses

From this reading They found the lady seated upon a red cushion.

damselnounUS /ˈdæmzəl/

a young unmarried woman

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

dearlyadverbUS /ˈdɪrli/

in a sincere and heartfelt manner

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

enteringnounUS /ˈentərɪŋ/

a movement into or inward

From this reading I assure you my lord Yvain was terrified upon entering the room, where he found the lady who spoke not a word to him.

expectingverbUS /ɪkˈspektɪŋ/

-ing form of “expect” — regard something as probable or likely

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

fearverbUS /fɪr/

be afraid or feel anxious or apprehensive about a possible or probable situation or event

From this reading At this he was still more afraid, being overcome with fear at the thought that he had been betrayed.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading They found the lady seated upon a red cushion.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading At this he was still more afraid, being overcome with fear at the thought that he had been betrayed.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I assure you my lord Yvain was terrified upon entering the room, where he found the lady who spoke not a word to him.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

illadjectiveUS /ɪl/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading They found the lady seated upon a red cushion.

leadsnounUS /liːdz/

plural of “lead” — an advantage held by a competitor in a race

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

lordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

lovedadjectiveUS /lʌvd/

held dear

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading At this he was still more afraid, being overcome with fear at the thought that he had been betrayed.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

overcomeverbUS /ˈoʊvərkʌm/

win a victory over

From this reading At this he was still more afraid, being overcome with fear at the thought that he had been betrayed.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

rednounUS /red/

red color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood

From this reading They found the lady seated upon a red cushion.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading I assure you my lord Yvain was terrified upon entering the room, where he found the lady who spoke not a word to him.

seatedadjectiveUS /ˈsiːtɪd/

(of persons) having the torso erect and legs bent with the body supported on the buttocks

From this reading They found the lady seated upon a red cushion.

spokenounUS /spoʊk/

support consisting of a radial member of a wheel joining the hub to the rim

From this reading I assure you my lord Yvain was terrified upon entering the room, where he found the lady who spoke not a word to him.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading At this he was still more afraid, being overcome with fear at the thought that he had been betrayed.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

TakingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

terrifiedadjectiveUS /ˈterəfaɪd/

thrown into a state of intense fear or desperation

From this reading I assure you my lord Yvain was terrified upon entering the room, where he found the lady who spoke not a word to him.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading At this he was still more afraid, being overcome with fear at the thought that he had been betrayed.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They found the lady seated upon a red cushion.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading At this he was still more afraid, being overcome with fear at the thought that he had been betrayed.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading At this he was still more afraid, being overcome with fear at the thought that he had been betrayed.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading They found the lady seated upon a red cushion.

Vv

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading (Vv.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I assure you my lord Yvain was terrified upon entering the room, where he found the lady who spoke not a word to him.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading I assure you my lord Yvain was terrified upon entering the room, where he found the lady who spoke not a word to him.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading At this he was still more afraid, being overcome with fear at the thought that he had been betrayed.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading I assure you my lord Yvain was terrified upon entering the room, where he found the lady who spoke not a word to him.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading I assure you my lord Yvain was terrified upon entering the room, where he found the lady who spoke not a word to him.

Yvain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1943-2036.) Taking my lord Yvain by the hand, the damsel leads him where he will be dearly loved; but expecting to be ill received, it is not strange if he is afraid.

Chapter 25 of Four Arthurian Romances by de Troyes, active 12th century Chrétien holds 199 sentences, grouped into 40 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 25 of Four Arthurian Romances contain?

Chapter 25 holds 199 sentences of Four Arthurian Romances, unabridged, divided into 40 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 25 of Four Arthurian Romances by de Troyes, active 12th century Chrétien exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 199 sentences, grouped into 40 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 25 of Four Arthurian Romances?

Work through the 40 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 40 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 25 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 25 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Four Arthurian Romances

Common questions about reading Four Arthurian Romances by de Troyes, active 12th century Chrétien on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Four Arthurian Romances?

Yes. All 9290 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #831 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Four Arthurian Romances is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #831, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Four Arthurian Romances take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1858 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Four Arthurian Romances section by section

How to work through Four Arthurian Romances section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Four Arthurian Romances to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Four Arthurian Romances

Words and structures a reader meets early in Four Arthurian Romances, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Century
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Four Arthurian Romances; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Originally
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Four Arthurian Romances; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Written
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Four Arthurian Romances; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
French
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Four Arthurian Romances; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.