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Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose
Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose is here in full — 393 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/78 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A selection gives a very favourable impression of his work.
He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.
Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.
Yet the poem as a whole suffers from the fault that Gower tried to avoid:
It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose is here in full — 393 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/78 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A selection gives a very favourable impression of his work.
Line 2
He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.
Line 3
Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.
Line 4
Yet the poem as a whole suffers from the fault that Gower tried to avoid:
Line 5
It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

classic noun US /ˈklæsɪk/

a creation of the highest excellence

From this reading “He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.”

poetical adjective US /poʊˈetɪkəl/

of or relating to poetry

From this reading “Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.”

predecessors noun US /ˈpredəsesərz/

plural of “predecessor” — one who precedes you in time (as in holding a position or office)

From this reading “He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.”

selection noun US /səˈlekʃən/

the act of choosing or selecting

From this reading “A selection gives a very favourable impression of his work.”

suffers verb US /ˈsʌfərz/

third-person singular of “suffer” — undergo or be subjected to

From this reading “Yet the poem as a whole suffers from the fault that Gower tried to avoid:”

suited adjective US /ˈsuːtɪd/

meant or adapted for an occasion or use

From this reading “He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.”

unprepared adjective US /ˌʌnpriˈperd/

without preparation; not prepared for

From this reading “He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.”

workmanship noun US /ˈwɜːrkmənʃɪp/

skill in an occupation or trade

From this reading “Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

favourable impression adjective + noun

In this reading “A selection gives a very favourable impression of his work.”

well suited adverb + adjective

In this reading “He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.”

suffers from verb + particle counted as “suffer from”

In this reading “Yet the poem as a whole suffers from the fault that Gower tried to avoid:”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

30,000

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A selection gives a very favourable impression of his work.

aldai

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

Amantis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Yet the poem as a whole suffers from the fault that Gower tried to avoid:

avoidverbUS /əˈvɔɪd/

stay clear from; keep away from; keep out of the way of someone or something

From this reading Yet the poem as a whole suffers from the fault that Gower tried to avoid:

classicnounUS /ˈklæsɪk/

a creation of the highest excellence

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

commandnounUS /kəˈmænd/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

Confessio

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

coupletnoun

two items of the same kind

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

dulleth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede.

easyadjectiveUS /ˈiːzi/

posing no difficulty; requiring little effort

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

expressionnounUS /ɪkˈspreʃən/

the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

faultnounUS /fɔːlt/

a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention

From this reading Yet the poem as a whole suffers from the fault that Gower tried to avoid:

favourableadjective

encouraging or approving or pleasing

From this reading A selection gives a very favourable impression of his work.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Yet the poem as a whole suffers from the fault that Gower tried to avoid:

givesnounUS /ɡɪvz/

plural of “give” — the elasticity of something that can be stretched and returns to its original length

From this reading A selection gives a very favourable impression of his work.

Gower

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Yet the poem as a whole suffers from the fault that Gower tried to avoid:

gracefuladjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪsfəl/

characterized by beauty of movement, style, form, or execution

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading A selection gives a very favourable impression of his work.

impressionnounUS /ˌɪmˈpreʃən/

a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading A selection gives a very favourable impression of his work.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede.

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

levelnounUS /ˈlevəl/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

linesnounUS /laɪnz/

plural of “line” — a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

mannes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede.

MiddlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

narrativenounUS /ˈnærətɪv/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

octosyllabicadjective

having or characterized by or consisting of eight syllables

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A selection gives a very favourable impression of his work.

ofte

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede.

pagenounUS /peɪdʒ/

one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

perfectadjectiveUS /pərˈfekt/

being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

poemnounUS /ˈpoʊəm/

a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading Yet the poem as a whole suffers from the fault that Gower tried to avoid:

poeticaladjectiveUS /poʊˈetɪkəl/

of or relating to poetry

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

predecessorsnounUS /ˈpredəsesərz/

plural of “predecessor” — one who precedes you in time (as in holding a position or office)

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

redeverb

give an interpretation or explanation to

From this reading It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede.

remarkableadjectiveUS /rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl/

unusual or striking

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

schal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede.

selectionnounUS /səˈlekʃən/

the act of choosing or selecting

From this reading A selection gives a very favourable impression of his work.

showsnounUS /ʃoʊz/

plural of “show” — the act of publicly exhibiting or entertaining

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

simplicitynounUS /sɪmˈplɪsəti/

the quality of being simple or uncompounded

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

stylenounUS /staɪl/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

suffersverbUS /ˈsʌfərz/

third-person singular of “suffer” — undergo or be subjected to

From this reading Yet the poem as a whole suffers from the fault that Gower tried to avoid:

suitedadjectiveUS /ˈsuːtɪd/

meant or adapted for an occasion or use

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Yet the poem as a whole suffers from the fault that Gower tried to avoid:

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

ThroughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

triedadjectiveUS /traɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading Yet the poem as a whole suffers from the fault that Gower tried to avoid:

unpreparedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnpriˈperd/

without preparation; not prepared for

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

versesnounUS /ˈvɜːrsəz/

plural of “verse” — literature in metrical form

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading A selection gives a very favourable impression of his work.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He has a perfect command of the octosyllabic couplet; an easy style, well suited to narrative; and a classic simplicity of expression for which the work of his predecessors in Middle English leaves us unprepared.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

witnounUS /wɪt/

a message whose ingenuity or verbal skill or incongruity has the power to evoke laughter

From this reading It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading A selection gives a very favourable impression of his work.

workmanshipnounUS /ˈwɜːrkmənʃɪp/

skill in an occupation or trade

From this reading Throughout the whole of the _Confessio Amantis_, more than 30,000 lines, the level of workmanship is remarkable, and almost every page shows some graceful and poetical verses.

YetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Yet the poem as a whole suffers from the fault that Gower tried to avoid:

Chapter 6 of Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose by Kenneth[Editor] Sisam holds 393 sentences, grouped into 79 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 6 of Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose contain?

Chapter 6 holds 393 sentences of Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose, unabridged, divided into 79 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 6 of Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose by Kenneth[Editor] Sisam exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 393 sentences, grouped into 79 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 6 of Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose?

Work through the 79 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 79 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 6 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 6 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose

Common questions about reading Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose by Kenneth[Editor] Sisam on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose?

Yes. All 5880 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #43736 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #43736, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose take to read?

About 490 minutes of reading across 1176 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose section by section

How to work through Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose

Words and structures a reader meets early in Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Periods
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Early
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Promise
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Fourteenth Century Verse & Prose; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.