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France and England in North America, Part III
France and England in North America, Part III

Chapter XXIV

Chapter 24 of France and England in North America, Part III is here in full — 368 sentences across 74 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

By Francis Parkman • Curated US English Learning Edition
Cover illustration for France and England in North America, Part III
Context Illustration Reading 1/73 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
1680, 1681.
HENNEPIN AMONG THE SIOUX.
Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.
As Hennepin entered the village, he beheld a sight which caused him to invoke Saint Anthony of Padua.
In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

France and England in North America, Part III

Chapter XXIV

Chapter 24 of France and England in North America, Part III is here in full — 368 sentences across 74 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/73 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
1680, 1681.
Line 2
HENNEPIN AMONG THE SIOUX.
Line 3
Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.
Line 4
As Hennepin entered the village, he beheld a sight which caused him to invoke Saint Anthony of Padua.
Line 5
In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.
/ɪn frʌnt ʌv ðə ˈlɑːdʒəz wɜːr ˈsɜːrtən steɪks tuː wɪtʃ wɜːr əˈtætʃt ˈbʌndəlz ʌv strɔː ˌɪnˈtendɪd æz hiː səˈpoʊzd fɔːr ˈbɜːrnɪŋ hɪm ənd hɪz frendz əˈlaɪv/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Adoption noun US /əˈdɑːpʃən/

the act of accepting with approval; favorable reception

From this reading “Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
bundles noun US /ˈbʌndəlz/

plural of “bundle” — a collection of things wrapped or boxed together

From this reading “In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
invoke verb US /ˌɪnˈvoʊk/

summon into action or bring into existence, often as if by magic

From this reading “As Hennepin entered the village, he beheld a sight which caused him to invoke Saint Anthony of Padua.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
lodges noun US /ˈlɑːdʒəz/

plural of “lodge” — English physicist who studied electromagnetic radiation and was a pioneer of radiotelegraphy (1851-1940)

From this reading “In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Padua noun US /ˈpædjuːə/

a city in Veneto

From this reading “As Hennepin entered the village, he beheld a sight which caused him to invoke Saint Anthony of Padua.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
sioux noun US /suː/

a member of a group of North American Indian peoples who spoke a Siouan language and who ranged from Lake Michigan to the Rocky Mountains

From this reading “HENNEPIN AMONG THE SIOUX.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
stakes noun US /steɪks/

the money risked on a gamble

From this reading “In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Vagabond noun US /ˈvæɡəbɑːnd/

anything that resembles a vagabond in having no fixed place

From this reading “Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Hunting Party noun + noun

In this reading “Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.”

800 times in 426,211 chapters
In front preposition + noun

at or in the front

In this reading “In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.”

87,341 times in 426,211 chapters

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1680

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1680, 1681.

Pending verification
1681

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1680, 1681.

Pending verification
AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
AdoptionnounUS /əˈdɑːpʃən/

the act of accepting with approval; favorable reception

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
AdventuresnounUS /ædˈventʃərz/

plural of “adventure” — a wild and exciting undertaking (not necessarily lawful)

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
aliveadjectiveUS /əˈlaɪv/

possessing life

From this reading In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
AMONGprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading HENNEPIN AMONG THE SIOUX.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
AnthonynounUS /ˈænθəni/

Roman general under Julius Caesar in the Gallic wars; repudiated his wife for the Egyptian queen Cleopatra; they were defeated by Octavian at Actium (83-30 BC)

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As Hennepin entered the village, he beheld a sight which caused him to invoke Saint Anthony of Padua.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
attachedadjectiveUS /əˈtætʃt/

being joined in close association

From this reading In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
beheldverbUS /biˈheld/

inflected form of “behold” — see with attention

From this reading As Hennepin entered the village, he beheld a sight which caused him to invoke Saint Anthony of Padua.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
bundlesnounUS /ˈbʌndəlz/

plural of “bundle” — a collection of things wrapped or boxed together

From this reading In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
burningnounUS /ˈbɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of burning something

From this reading In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
CampnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
causedverbUS /kɑːzd/

past form of “cause” — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally

From this reading As Hennepin entered the village, he beheld a sight which caused him to invoke Saint Anthony of Padua.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
CivilizationnounUS /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
DangernounUS /ˈdeɪndʒər/

the condition of being susceptible to harm or injury

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
du

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

Pending verification
enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading As Hennepin entered the village, he beheld a sight which caused him to invoke Saint Anthony of Padua.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
FallsnounUS /fɔːlz/

the petals or sepals of a flower that bend downward (especially the outer perianth of an iris)

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
FriarnounUS /ˈfraɪər/

a male member of a religious order that originally relied solely on alms

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Greysolon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

Pending verification
hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As Hennepin entered the village, he beheld a sight which caused him to invoke Saint Anthony of Padua.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
HENNEPIN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HENNEPIN AMONG THE SIOUX.

Pending verification
himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading As Hennepin entered the village, he beheld a sight which caused him to invoke Saint Anthony of Padua.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
HuntingnounUS /ˈhʌntɪŋ/

the pursuit and killing or capture of wild animals regarded as a sport

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
IndianadjectiveUS /ˈɪndiən/

of or relating to or characteristic of India or the East Indies or their peoples or languages or cultures

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
intendedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtendɪd/

resulting from one's intentions

From this reading In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
invokeverbUS /ˌɪnˈvoʊk/

summon into action or bring into existence, often as if by magic

From this reading As Hennepin entered the village, he beheld a sight which caused him to invoke Saint Anthony of Padua.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Lhut

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

Pending verification
lodgesnounUS /ˈlɑːdʒəz/

plural of “lodge” — English physicist who studied electromagnetic radiation and was a pioneer of radiotelegraphy (1851-1940)

From this reading In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
MississippinounUS /ˌmɪsɪˈsɪpi/

a major North American river and the chief river of the United States; rises in northern Minnesota and flows southward into the Gulf of Mexico

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
PaduanounUS /ˈpædjuːə/

a city in Veneto

From this reading As Hennepin entered the village, he beheld a sight which caused him to invoke Saint Anthony of Padua.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
PartynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
RelativesnounUS /ˈrelətɪvz/

plural of “relative” — a person related by blood or marriage

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
ReturnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
SaintnounUS /seɪnt/

a person who has died and has been declared a saint by canonization

From this reading As Hennepin entered the village, he beheld a sight which caused him to invoke Saint Anthony of Padua.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading As Hennepin entered the village, he beheld a sight which caused him to invoke Saint Anthony of Padua.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
SignsnounUS /saɪnz/

plural of “sign” — a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
SIOUXnounUS /suː/

a member of a group of North American Indian peoples who spoke a Siouan language and who ranged from Lake Michigan to the Rocky Mountains

From this reading HENNEPIN AMONG THE SIOUX.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

Pending verification
stakesnounUS /steɪks/

the money risked on a gamble

From this reading In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
strawnounUS /strɔː/

plant fiber used e.g. for making baskets and hats or as fodder

From this reading In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
supposedadjectiveUS /səˈpoʊzd/

required or under orders

From this reading In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading HENNEPIN AMONG THE SIOUX.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
VagabondnounUS /ˈvæɡəbɑːnd/

anything that resembles a vagabond in having no fixed place

From this reading Signs of Danger.--Adoption.--Hennepin and his Indian Relatives.--The Hunting Party.--The Sioux Camp.--Falls of St. Anthony.--A Vagabond Friar: his Adventures on the Mississippi.--Greysolon du Lhut.--Return to Civilization.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading As Hennepin entered the village, he beheld a sight which caused him to invoke Saint Anthony of Padua.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In front of the lodges were certain stakes, to which were attached bundles of straw, intended, as he supposed, for burning him and his friends alive.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading As Hennepin entered the village, he beheld a sight which caused him to invoke Saint Anthony of Padua.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary

Chapter 24 of France and England in North America, Part III by Francis Parkman holds 368 sentences, grouped into 74 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 24 of France and England in North America, Part III contain?

Chapter 24 holds 368 sentences of France and England in North America, Part III, unabridged, divided into 74 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 24 of France and England in North America, Part III by Francis Parkman exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 368 sentences, grouped into 74 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 24 of France and England in North America, Part III?

Work through the 74 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 74 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 24 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading France and England in North America, Part III

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Project Gutenberg eBook #40143, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 534 minutes of reading across 1283 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in France and England in North America, Part III

Words and structures a reader meets early in France and England in North America, Part III, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Original
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