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Franklin's Autobiography
Franklin's Autobiography

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Franklin's Autobiography is here in full — 424 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Franklin's Autobiography
Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
HEAD OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT, LOUISVILLE MALE HIGH SCHOOL, LOUISVILLE, KY.
INTRODUCTION.
When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.
The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."
Pope was eighteen years old.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Franklin's Autobiography

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Franklin's Autobiography is here in full — 424 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
HEAD OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT, LOUISVILLE MALE HIGH SCHOOL, LOUISVILLE, KY.
Line 2
INTRODUCTION.
/ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/
Line 3
When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.
Line 4
The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."
Line 5
Pope was eighteen years old.
/poʊp wɑːz eɪˈtiːn jɪrz oʊld/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Anne's noun US /ænz/

possessive form of “anne” — Queen of England and Scotland and Ireland; daughter if James II and the last of the Stuart monarchs; in 1707 she was the last English ruler to exercise the royal veto over parliament (1665-1714)

From this reading “The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."”

Defoe noun US /dɪˈfoʊ/

English writer remembered particularly for his novel about Robinson Crusoe (1660-1731)

From this reading “When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.”

Franklin noun US /ˈfræŋklɪn/

United States historian noted for studies of Black American history (born in 1915)

From this reading “When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.”

louisville noun US /ˈluːivɪl/

the largest city in Kentucky; located in north central Kentucky on the Ohio river; site of the Kentucky Derby

From this reading “HEAD OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT, LOUISVILLE MALE HIGH SCHOOL, LOUISVILLE, KY.”

Robinson noun US /ˈrɑːbənsən/

English chemist noted for his studies of molecular structures in plants (1886-1975)

From this reading “The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."”

Spectator noun US /ˈspekteɪtər/

a close observer; someone who looks at something (such as an exhibition of some kind)

From this reading “The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."”

Steele noun US /stiːl/

English writer (1672-1729)

From this reading “The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."”

Travels noun US /ˈtrævəlz/

plural of “travel” — the act of going from one place to another

From this reading “The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

eighteen years adjective + noun

In this reading “Pope was eighteen years old.”

HIGH SCHOOL adjective + noun

a public secondary school usually including grades 9 through 12

In this reading “HEAD OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT, LOUISVILLE MALE HIGH SCHOOL, LOUISVILLE, KY.”

All words in this reading · 49

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1706

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.

Addison

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.

AnnenounUS /æn/

Queen of England and Scotland and Ireland; daughter if James II and the last of the Stuart monarchs; in 1707 she was the last English ruler to exercise the royal veto over parliament (1665-1714)

From this reading When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.

Anne'snounUS /ænz/

possessive form of “anne” — Queen of England and Scotland and Ireland; daughter if James II and the last of the Stuart monarchs; in 1707 she was the last English ruler to exercise the royal veto over parliament (1665-1714)

From this reading The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."

begunverbUS /bɪˈɡʌn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.

Crusoe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."

DefoenounUS /dɪˈfoʊ/

English writer remembered particularly for his novel about Robinson Crusoe (1660-1731)

From this reading When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.

DEPARTMENTnounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtmənt/

a specialized division of a large organization

From this reading HEAD OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT, LOUISVILLE MALE HIGH SCHOOL, LOUISVILLE, KY.

eighteenadjectiveUS /eɪˈtiːn/

being one more than seventeen

From this reading Pope was eighteen years old.

ENGLISHnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading HEAD OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT, LOUISVILLE MALE HIGH SCHOOL, LOUISVILLE, KY.

FranklinnounUS /ˈfræŋklɪn/

United States historian noted for studies of Black American history (born in 1915)

From this reading When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.

Gulliver's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."

HEADnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading HEAD OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT, LOUISVILLE MALE HIGH SCHOOL, LOUISVILLE, KY.

HIGHadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading HEAD OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT, LOUISVILLE MALE HIGH SCHOOL, LOUISVILLE, KY.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.

INTRODUCTIONnounUS /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/

the act of beginning something new

From this reading INTRODUCTION.

KYnoun

a state in east central United States; a border state during the American Civil War; famous for breeding race horses

From this reading HEAD OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT, LOUISVILLE MALE HIGH SCHOOL, LOUISVILLE, KY.

LOUISVILLEnounUS /ˈluːivɪl/

the largest city in Kentucky; located in north central Kentucky on the Ohio river; site of the Kentucky Derby

From this reading HEAD OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT, LOUISVILLE MALE HIGH SCHOOL, LOUISVILLE, KY.

MALEnounUS /meɪl/

an animal that produces gametes (spermatozoa) that can fertilize female gametes

From this reading HEAD OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT, LOUISVILLE MALE HIGH SCHOOL, LOUISVILLE, KY.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading HEAD OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT, LOUISVILLE MALE HIGH SCHOOL, LOUISVILLE, KY.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Pope was eighteen years old.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."

pamphleteering

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.

PopenounUS /poʊp/

the head of the Roman Catholic Church

From this reading Pope was eighteen years old.

QueennounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.

reignverbUS /reɪn/

have sovereign power

From this reading The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."

RobinsonnounUS /ˈrɑːbənsən/

English chemist noted for his studies of molecular structures in plants (1886-1975)

From this reading The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."

SCHOOLnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading HEAD OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT, LOUISVILLE MALE HIGH SCHOOL, LOUISVILLE, KY.

SpectatornounUS /ˈspekteɪtər/

a close observer; someone who looks at something (such as an exhibition of some kind)

From this reading The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."

SteelenounUS /stiːl/

English writer (1672-1729)

From this reading The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."

SwiftadjectiveUS /swɪft/

moving very fast

From this reading When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.

thronenounUS /θroʊn/

the chair of state for a monarch, bishop, etc.

From this reading When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.

TravelsnounUS /ˈtrævəlz/

plural of “travel” — the act of going from one place to another

From this reading The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When Franklin was born, in 1706, Queen Anne was on the English throne, and Swift and Defoe were pamphleteering.

witsnounUS /wɪts/

the basic human power of intelligent thought and perception

From this reading The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Pope was eighteen years old.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading The one had not yet written "Gulliver's Travels," nor the other "Robinson Crusoe;" neither had Addison and Steele and other wits of Anne's reign begun the "Spectator."

Chapter 1 of Franklin's Autobiography by Benjamin Franklin holds 424 sentences, grouped into 85 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Franklin's Autobiography contain?

Chapter 1 holds 424 sentences of Franklin's Autobiography, unabridged, divided into 85 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Franklin's Autobiography by Benjamin Franklin exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 424 sentences, grouped into 85 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Franklin's Autobiography?

Work through the 85 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 85 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Franklin's Autobiography

Common questions about reading Franklin's Autobiography by Benjamin Franklin on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Franklin's Autobiography?

Yes. All 2541 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #36151 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Franklin's Autobiography is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #36151, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Franklin's Autobiography take to read?

About 211 minutes of reading across 509 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Franklin's Autobiography section by section

How to work through Franklin's Autobiography section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of Franklin's Autobiography to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Franklin's Autobiography

Words and structures a reader meets early in Franklin's Autobiography, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

English
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Franklin's Autobiography; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Department
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Franklin's Autobiography; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Louisville
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Franklin's Autobiography; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
School
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Franklin's Autobiography; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.