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French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays
French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays is here in full — 423 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays
Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"Lady," answered the chamberlain, "as I deem, he loves you, and truly.
Eliduc is no cozener with words.
I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.
I gave him greeting in your name, and granted him your gifts.
He set the ring upon his finger, and as to your girdle, he girt it upon him, and belted it tightly about his middle.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays is here in full — 423 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"Lady," answered the chamberlain, "as I deem, he loves you, and truly.
/ˈleɪdi ˈænsərd ðə ˈtʃeɪmbərlən æz aɪ diːm hiː lʌvz juː ənd ˈtruːli/
Line 2
Eliduc is no cozener with words.
Line 3
I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.
Line 4
I gave him greeting in your name, and granted him your gifts.
/aɪ ɡeɪv hɪm ˈɡriːtɪŋ ɪn jɔːr neɪm ənd ˈɡræntəd hɪm jɔːr ɡɪfts/
Line 5
He set the ring upon his finger, and as to your girdle, he girt it upon him, and belted it tightly about his middle.
/hiː set ðə rɪŋ əˈpɑːn hɪz ˈfɪŋɡər ənd æz tuː jɔːr ˈɡɜːrdəl hiː ɡɜːrt ɪt əˈpɑːn hɪm ənd ˈbeltəd ɪt ˈtaɪtli əˈbaʊt hɪz ˈmɪdəl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

belted adjective US /ˈbeltəd/

having or provided with a belt

From this reading “He set the ring upon his finger, and as to your girdle, he girt it upon him, and belted it tightly about his middle.”

chamberlain noun US /ˈtʃeɪmbərlən/

British statesman who as Prime Minister pursued a policy of appeasement toward fascist Germany (1869-1940)

From this reading “"Lady," answered the chamberlain, "as I deem, he loves you, and truly.”

deem verb US /diːm/

keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view

From this reading “"Lady," answered the chamberlain, "as I deem, he loves you, and truly.”

discreet adjective US /dɪˈskriːt/

marked by prudence or modesty and wise self-restraint

From this reading “I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.”

girdle noun US /ˈɡɜːrdəl/

an encircling or ringlike structure

From this reading “He set the ring upon his finger, and as to your girdle, he girt it upon him, and belted it tightly about his middle.”

girt verb US /ɡɜːrt/

inflected form of “gird” — prepare oneself for a military confrontation

From this reading “He set the ring upon his finger, and as to your girdle, he girt it upon him, and belted it tightly about his middle.”

prudent adjective US /ˈpruːdənt/

careful and sensible; marked by sound judgment

From this reading “I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.”

tightly adverb US /ˈtaɪtli/

in a tight or constricted manner

From this reading “He set the ring upon his finger, and as to your girdle, he girt it upon him, and belted it tightly about his middle.”

All words in this reading · 52

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading He set the ring upon his finger, and as to your girdle, he girt it upon him, and belted it tightly about his middle.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "Lady," answered the chamberlain, "as I deem, he loves you, and truly.

answeredverbUS /ˈænsərd/

past form of “answer” — react verbally

From this reading "Lady," answered the chamberlain, "as I deem, he loves you, and truly.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading "Lady," answered the chamberlain, "as I deem, he loves you, and truly.

beltedadjectiveUS /ˈbeltəd/

having or provided with a belt

From this reading He set the ring upon his finger, and as to your girdle, he girt it upon him, and belted it tightly about his middle.

chamberlainnounUS /ˈtʃeɪmbərlən/

British statesman who as Prime Minister pursued a policy of appeasement toward fascist Germany (1869-1940)

From this reading "Lady," answered the chamberlain, "as I deem, he loves you, and truly.

cozener

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eliduc is no cozener with words.

deemverbUS /diːm/

keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view

From this reading "Lady," answered the chamberlain, "as I deem, he loves you, and truly.

discreetadjectiveUS /dɪˈskriːt/

marked by prudence or modesty and wise self-restraint

From this reading I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.

Eliduc

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eliduc is no cozener with words.

fingerverbUS /ˈfɪŋɡər/

feel or handle with the fingers

From this reading He set the ring upon his finger, and as to your girdle, he girt it upon him, and belted it tightly about his middle.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading I gave him greeting in your name, and granted him your gifts.

gentlemannounUS /ˈdʒentəlmən/

a man of refinement

From this reading I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.

giftsnounUS /ɡɪfts/

plural of “gift” — something acquired without compensation

From this reading I gave him greeting in your name, and granted him your gifts.

girdlenounUS /ˈɡɜːrdəl/

an encircling or ringlike structure

From this reading He set the ring upon his finger, and as to your girdle, he girt it upon him, and belted it tightly about his middle.

girtverbUS /ɡɜːrt/

inflected form of “gird” — prepare oneself for a military confrontation

From this reading He set the ring upon his finger, and as to your girdle, he girt it upon him, and belted it tightly about his middle.

grantedadjectiveUS /ˈɡræntəd/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading I gave him greeting in your name, and granted him your gifts.

greetingnounUS /ˈɡriːtɪŋ/

(usually plural) an acknowledgment or expression of good will (especially on meeting)

From this reading I gave him greeting in your name, and granted him your gifts.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "Lady," answered the chamberlain, "as I deem, he loves you, and truly.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.

hideverbUS /haɪd/

prevent from being seen or discovered

From this reading I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.

holdverbUS /hoʊld/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "Lady," answered the chamberlain, "as I deem, he loves you, and truly.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Eliduc is no cozener with words.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He set the ring upon his finger, and as to your girdle, he girt it upon him, and belted it tightly about his middle.

knowsnounUS /noʊz/

plural of “know” — the fact of being aware of information that is known to few people

From this reading I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.

LadynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading "Lady," answered the chamberlain, "as I deem, he loves you, and truly.

lovesnounUS /lʌvz/

plural of “love” — a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading "Lady," answered the chamberlain, "as I deem, he loves you, and truly.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading He set the ring upon his finger, and as to your girdle, he girt it upon him, and belted it tightly about his middle.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading I gave him greeting in your name, and granted him your gifts.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Eliduc is no cozener with words.

prudentadjectiveUS /ˈpruːdənt/

careful and sensible; marked by sound judgment

From this reading I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.

ringverbUS /rɪŋ/

sound loudly and sonorously

From this reading He set the ring upon his finger, and as to your girdle, he girt it upon him, and belted it tightly about his middle.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading He set the ring upon his finger, and as to your girdle, he girt it upon him, and belted it tightly about his middle.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Lady," answered the chamberlain, "as I deem, he loves you, and truly.

tightlyadverbUS /ˈtaɪtli/

in a tight or constricted manner

From this reading He set the ring upon his finger, and as to your girdle, he girt it upon him, and belted it tightly about his middle.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.

trulyadverbUS /ˈtruːli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading "Lady," answered the chamberlain, "as I deem, he loves you, and truly.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading He set the ring upon his finger, and as to your girdle, he girt it upon him, and belted it tightly about his middle.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading I hold him for a discreet and prudent gentleman, who knows well how to hide what is in his heart.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Eliduc is no cozener with words.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading Eliduc is no cozener with words.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "Lady," answered the chamberlain, "as I deem, he loves you, and truly.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading I gave him greeting in your name, and granted him your gifts.

Chapter 3 of French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays by de France, active 12th century Marie holds 423 sentences, grouped into 85 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays contain?

Chapter 3 holds 423 sentences of French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays, unabridged, divided into 85 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays by de France, active 12th century Marie exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 423 sentences, grouped into 85 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays?

Work through the 85 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 85 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays

Common questions about reading French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays by de France, active 12th century Marie on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays?

Yes. All 3785 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #11417 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #11417, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays take to read?

About 315 minutes of reading across 757 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays section by section

How to work through French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 9 chapters of French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays

Words and structures a reader meets early in French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Marie
A word that appears in the opening chapter of French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
France
A word that appears in the opening chapter of French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Translated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Eugene
A word that appears in the opening chapter of French Mediaeval Romances from the Lays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.