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French Pathfinders in North America
French Pathfinders in North America

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of French Pathfinders in North America is here in full — 140 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
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THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.
Originally the Iroquois people was one, but as the parent stock grew large, it broke up into separate groups.
Dissensions arose among these, and they made war upon one another.
Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.
This wise counsel was followed.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

French Pathfinders in North America

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of French Pathfinders in North America is here in full — 140 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.
Line 2
Originally the Iroquois people was one, but as the parent stock grew large, it broke up into separate groups.
/ərˈɪdʒənəli ðə ˈɪrəkwɔɪ ˈpiːpəl wɑːz wʌn bʌt æz ðə ˈperənt stɑːk ɡruː lɑːrdʒ ɪt broʊk ʌp ˈɪntuː ˈsepəreɪt ɡruːps/
Line 3
Dissensions arose among these, and they made war upon one another.
Line 4
Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.
Line 5
This wise counsel was followed.
/ðɪs waɪz ˈkaʊnsəl wɑːz ˈfɑːloʊd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Assemblies noun US /əˈsembliz/

plural of “assembly” — a group of machine parts that fit together to form a self-contained unit

From this reading “THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.”

exercised verb US /ˈeksərsaɪzd/

past form of “exercise” — put to use

From this reading “THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.”

Hiawatha noun US /ˌhaɪəˈwɑːθə/

a Native American chieftain who argued for peace with the European settlers (16th century)

From this reading “Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.”

ills noun US /ɪlz/

plural of “ill” — an often persistent bodily disorder or disease; a cause for complaining

From this reading “Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.”

iroquois noun US /ˈɪrəkwɔɪ/

any member of the warlike North American Indian peoples formerly living in New York State; the Iroquois League were allies of the British during the American Revolution

From this reading “THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.”

legend noun US /ˈledʒənd/

a story about mythical or supernatural beings or events

From this reading “Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.”

Onondaga noun US /ˌɑːnənˈdɔːɡə/

a member of the Iroquoian people formerly living between Lake Champlain and the Saint Lawrence River

From this reading “Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.”

Originally adverb US /ərˈɪdʒənəli/

in an original manner

From this reading “Originally the Iroquois people was one, but as the parent stock grew large, it broke up into separate groups.”

All words in this reading · 70

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Dissensions arose among these, and they made war upon one another.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Dissensions arose among these, and they made war upon one another.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Dissensions arose among these, and they made war upon one another.

aroseverbUS /ərˈoʊz/

inflected form of “arise” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading Dissensions arose among these, and they made war upon one another.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Originally the Iroquois people was one, but as the parent stock grew large, it broke up into separate groups.

AssembliesnounUS /əˈsembliz/

plural of “assembly” — a group of machine parts that fit together to form a self-contained unit

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

AuthoritynounUS /əˈθɔːrəti/

the power or right to give orders or make decisions

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

brokeadjectiveUS /broʊk/

lacking funds

From this reading Originally the Iroquois people was one, but as the parent stock grew large, it broke up into separate groups.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Originally the Iroquois people was one, but as the parent stock grew large, it broke up into separate groups.

CommunitynounUS /kəˈmjuːnəti/

a group of people living in a particular local area

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

counselnounUS /ˈkaʊnsəl/

a lawyer who pleads cases in court

From this reading This wise counsel was followed.

cureverbUS /kjʊr/

provide a cure for, make healthy again

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

Daganoweda

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

Dissensions

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Dissensions arose among these, and they made war upon one another.

dividedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪdɪd/

separated into parts or pieces

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

earnounUS /iːr/

the sense organ for hearing and equilibrium

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

exercisedverbUS /ˈeksərsaɪzd/

past form of “exercise” — put to use

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading This wise counsel was followed.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

GovernmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading Originally the Iroquois people was one, but as the parent stock grew large, it broke up into separate groups.

groupsnounUS /ɡruːps/

plural of “group” — any number of entities (members) considered as a unit

From this reading Originally the Iroquois people was one, but as the parent stock grew large, it broke up into separate groups.

GrowthnounUS /ɡroʊθ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

Hayawentha

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

HiawathanounUS /ˌhaɪəˈwɑːθə/

a Native American chieftain who argued for peace with the European settlers (16th century)

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

HistorynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

illsnounUS /ɪlz/

plural of “ill” — an often persistent bodily disorder or disease; a cause for complaining

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

IndianadjectiveUS /ˈɪndiən/

of or relating to or characteristic of India or the East Indies or their peoples or languages or cultures

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Originally the Iroquois people was one, but as the parent stock grew large, it broke up into separate groups.

IROQUOISnounUS /ˈɪrəkwɔɪ/

any member of the warlike North American Indian peoples formerly living in New York State; the Iroquois League were allies of the British during the American Revolution

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Originally the Iroquois people was one, but as the parent stock grew large, it broke up into separate groups.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Originally the Iroquois people was one, but as the parent stock grew large, it broke up into separate groups.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

LEAGUEnounUS /liːɡ/

an association of sports teams that organizes matches for its members

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

legendnounUS /ˈledʒənd/

a story about mythical or supernatural beings or events

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

LifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Dissensions arose among these, and they made war upon one another.

NaturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Originally the Iroquois people was one, but as the parent stock grew large, it broke up into separate groups.

OnondaganounUS /ˌɑːnənˈdɔːɡə/

a member of the Iroquoian people formerly living between Lake Champlain and the Saint Lawrence River

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

OriginallyadverbUS /ərˈɪdʒənəli/

in an original manner

From this reading Originally the Iroquois people was one, but as the parent stock grew large, it broke up into separate groups.

parentnounUS /ˈperənt/

a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian

From this reading Originally the Iroquois people was one, but as the parent stock grew large, it broke up into separate groups.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Originally the Iroquois people was one, but as the parent stock grew large, it broke up into separate groups.

PopularadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːpjələr/

regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

PublicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

sachemnoun

a political leader (especially of Tammany Hall)

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

separateverbUS /ˈsepəreɪt/

act as a barrier between; stand between

From this reading Originally the Iroquois people was one, but as the parent stock grew large, it broke up into separate groups.

SpeakingnounUS /ˈspiːkɪŋ/

the utterance of intelligible speech

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

stocknounUS /stɑːk/

the capital raised by a corporation through the issue of shares entitling holders to an ownership interest

From this reading Originally the Iroquois people was one, but as the parent stock grew large, it broke up into separate groups.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Dissensions arose among these, and they made war upon one another.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Dissensions arose among these, and they made war upon one another.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This wise counsel was followed.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

unionnounUS /ˈjuːnjən/

an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Originally the Iroquois people was one, but as the parent stock grew large, it broke up into separate groups.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Dissensions arose among these, and they made war upon one another.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading Dissensions arose among these, and they made war upon one another.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE IROQUOIS LEAGUE History of the League.--Natural Growth of Indian Government.--How Authority was exercised, how divided.--Popular Assemblies.--Public Speaking.--Community Life.

whisperedadjectiveUS /ˈwɪspərd/

spoken in soft hushed tones without vibrations of the vocal cords

From this reading Then, according to their legend, Hayawentha, or Hiawatha, whispered into the ear of Daganoweda, an Onondaga sachem, that the cure for their ills lay in union.

wiseadjectiveUS /waɪz/

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading This wise counsel was followed.

Chapter 3 of French Pathfinders in North America by William Henry Johnson holds 140 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of French Pathfinders in North America contain?

Chapter 3 holds 140 sentences of French Pathfinders in North America, unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of French Pathfinders in North America by William Henry Johnson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 140 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of French Pathfinders in North America?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 2961 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #21543 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #21543, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 246 minutes of reading across 593 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in French Pathfinders in North America

Words and structures a reader meets early in French Pathfinders in North America, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

America
A word that appears in the opening chapter of French Pathfinders in North America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Probably
A word that appears in the opening chapter of French Pathfinders in North America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Peopled
A word that appears in the opening chapter of French Pathfinders in North America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Unity
A word that appears in the opening chapter of French Pathfinders in North America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.