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French Pathfinders in North America
French Pathfinders in North America

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of French Pathfinders in North America is here in full — 215 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/43 · 5 lines
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RENE DE LAUDONNIERE PLANTING A COLONY ON THE ST.
JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.
The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.
It reached the mouth of the St. John's on the 25th of June and was joyfully greeted by the kindly Indians.
The lieutenant, Ottigny, strolling off into the woods with a few men, met some Indians and was conducted to their village.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

French Pathfinders in North America

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of French Pathfinders in North America is here in full — 215 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/43 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
RENE DE LAUDONNIERE PLANTING A COLONY ON THE ST.
Line 2
JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.
Line 3
The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.
Line 4
It reached the mouth of the St. John's on the 25th of June and was joyfully greeted by the kindly Indians.
Line 5
The lieutenant, Ottigny, strolling off into the woods with a few men, met some Indians and was conducted to their village.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

captures noun US /ˈkæptʃərz/

plural of “capture” — the act of forcibly dispossessing an owner of property

From this reading “JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.”

Crews noun US /kruːz/

plural of “crew” — the men and women who man a vehicle (ship, aircraft, etc.)

From this reading “JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.”

discourage verb US /dɪˈskɜːrɪdʒ/

try to prevent; show opposition to

From this reading “The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.”

Dominique noun US /dɔːmɪˈniːk/

American breed of chicken having barred grey plumage raised for meat and brown eggs

From this reading “JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.”

gathers noun US /ˈɡæðərz/

plural of “gather” — sewing consisting of small folds or puckers made by pulling tight a thread in a line of stitching

From this reading “JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.”

massacres noun US /ˈmæsɪkərz/

plural of “massacre” — the savage and excessive killing of many people

From this reading “JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.”

planting noun US /ˈplæntɪŋ/

the act of fixing firmly in place

From this reading “RENE DE LAUDONNIERE PLANTING A COLONY ON THE ST.”

strolling verb US /ˈstroʊlɪŋ/

-ing form of “stroll” — walk leisurely and with no apparent aim

From this reading “The lieutenant, Ottigny, strolling off into the woods with a few men, met some Indians and was conducted to their village.”

All words in this reading · 102

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1562

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

1564

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

25th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It reached the mouth of the St. John's on the 25th of June and was joyfully greeted by the kindly Indians.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading RENE DE LAUDONNIERE PLANTING A COLONY ON THE ST.

AbsurdadjectiveUS /əbˈsɜːrd/

inconsistent with reason or logic or common sense

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

AdmiralnounUS /ˈædmərəl/

the supreme commander of a fleet; ranks above a vice admiral and below a fleet admiral

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

ArrivalnounUS /ərˈaɪvəl/

accomplishment of an objective

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

BadadjectiveUS /bæd/

having undesirable or negative qualities

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

Buccaneeringnoun

hijacking on the high seas or in similar contexts; taking a ship or plane away from the control of those who are legally entitled to it

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

capturesnounUS /ˈkæptʃərz/

plural of “capture” — the act of forcibly dispossessing an owner of property

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

CarolineadjectiveUS /ˈkerəlaɪn/

of or relating to the life and times of kings Charles I or Charles II of England

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

Coligny

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

COLONYnounUS /ˈkɑːləni/

a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading RENE DE LAUDONNIERE PLANTING A COLONY ON THE ST.

commandnounUS /kəˈmænd/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

conductedverbUS /kənˈdʌktəd/

past form of “conduct” — direct the course of; manage or control

From this reading The lieutenant, Ottigny, strolling off into the woods with a few men, met some Indians and was conducted to their village.

CrewsnounUS /kruːz/

plural of “crew” — the men and women who man a vehicle (ship, aircraft, etc.)

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

DEnounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading RENE DE LAUDONNIERE PLANTING A COLONY ON THE ST.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

discourageverbUS /dɪˈskɜːrɪdʒ/

try to prevent; show opposition to

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

DominiquenounUS /dɔːmɪˈniːk/

American breed of chicken having barred grey plumage raised for meat and brown eggs

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

DonnounUS /dɑːn/

a Spanish gentleman or nobleman

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

ExpeditionnounUS /ˌekspəˈdɪʃən/

a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

failurenounUS /ˈfeɪljər/

an act that fails

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

FaithnounUS /feɪθ/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

FataladjectiveUS /ˈfeɪtəl/

bringing death

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading The lieutenant, Ottigny, strolling off into the woods with a few men, met some Indians and was conducted to their village.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

FortnounUS /fɔːrt/

a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

FrenchmennounUS /ˈfrentʃmen/

plural of “frenchman” — a person of French nationality

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

GarrisonnounUS /ˈɡærɪsən/

a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

gathersnounUS /ˈɡæðərz/

plural of “gather” — sewing consisting of small folds or puckers made by pulling tight a thread in a line of stitching

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

GoldnounUS /ɡoʊld/

coins made of gold

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

Gourgues

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

greetedverbUS /ˈɡriːtəd/

past form of “greet” — express greetings upon meeting someone

From this reading It reached the mouth of the St. John's on the 25th of June and was joyfully greeted by the kindly Indians.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

HawkinsnounUS /ˈhɔːkɪnz/

English privateer involved in the slave trade; later helped build the fleet that in 1588 defeated the Spanish Armada (1532-1595)

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

IllusionsnounUS /ˌɪˈluːʒənz/

plural of “illusion” — an erroneous mental representation

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

IndiansnounUS /ˈɪndiənz/

plural of “indian” — a native or inhabitant of India

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The lieutenant, Ottigny, strolling off into the woods with a few men, met some Indians and was conducted to their village.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

JOHN'SnounUS /dʒɑːnz/

possessive form of “john” — a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

joyfullyadverbUS /ˈdʒɔɪfəli/

in a joyous and gleeful manner

From this reading It reached the mouth of the St. John's on the 25th of June and was joyfully greeted by the kindly Indians.

JunenounUS /dʒuːn/

the month following May and preceding July

From this reading It reached the mouth of the St. John's on the 25th of June and was joyfully greeted by the kindly Indians.

kindlyadjectiveUS /ˈkaɪndli/

showing or motivated by sympathy and understanding and generosity

From this reading It reached the mouth of the St. John's on the 25th of June and was joyfully greeted by the kindly Indians.

LAUDONNIERE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RENE DE LAUDONNIERE PLANTING A COLONY ON THE ST.

Laudonniere's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

lieutenantnounUS /luːˈtenənt/

a commissioned military officer

From this reading The lieutenant, Ottigny, strolling off into the woods with a few men, met some Indians and was conducted to their village.

massacresnounUS /ˈmæsɪkərz/

plural of “massacre” — the savage and excessive killing of many people

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

MennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

Menendez

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading The lieutenant, Ottigny, strolling off into the woods with a few men, met some Indians and was conducted to their village.

MiserynounUS /ˈmɪzəri/

a state of ill-being due to affliction or misfortune

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

mouthnounUS /maʊθ/

the opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge

From this reading It reached the mouth of the St. John's on the 25th of June and was joyfully greeted by the kindly Indians.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading The lieutenant, Ottigny, strolling off into the woods with a few men, met some Indians and was conducted to their village.

ONprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading RENE DE LAUDONNIERE PLANTING A COLONY ON THE ST.

Ottigny

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The lieutenant, Ottigny, strolling off into the woods with a few men, met some Indians and was conducted to their village.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

Pedro

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

PLANTINGnounUS /ˈplæntɪŋ/

the act of fixing firmly in place

From this reading RENE DE LAUDONNIERE PLANTING A COLONY ON THE ST.

PortnounUS /pɔːrt/

a place (seaport or airport) where people and merchandise can enter or leave a country

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading It reached the mouth of the St. John's on the 25th of June and was joyfully greeted by the kindly Indians.

RelievedadjectiveUS /rɪˈliːvd/

(of pain or sorrow) made easier to bear

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

RENE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RENE DE LAUDONNIERE PLANTING A COLONY ON THE ST.

ResultsnounUS /rɪˈzʌlts/

plural of “result” — a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

rewardedverbUS /rɪˈwɔːrdɪd/

past form of “reward” — bestow honor or rewards upon

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

Ribaut

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

RIVERnounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

RoyaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

sendingnounUS /ˈsendɪŋ/

the act of causing something to go (especially messages)

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

Shipwrecked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The lieutenant, Ottigny, strolling off into the woods with a few men, met some Indians and was conducted to their village.

SpainnounUS /speɪn/

a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

springnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

ST

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RENE DE LAUDONNIERE PLANTING A COLONY ON THE ST.

Storm-cloud

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

strollingverbUS /ˈstroʊlɪŋ/

-ing form of “stroll” — walk leisurely and with no apparent aim

From this reading The lieutenant, Ottigny, strolling off into the woods with a few men, met some Indians and was conducted to their village.

SuppliesnounUS /səˈplaɪz/

plural of “supply” — an amount of something available for use

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

takesnounUS /teɪks/

plural of “take” — the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading RENE DE LAUDONNIERE PLANTING A COLONY ON THE ST.

TheirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

ThirstnounUS /θɜːrst/

a physiological need to drink

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

VengeancenounUS /ˈvendʒəns/

the act of taking revenge (harming someone in retaliation for something harmful that they have done) especially in the next life

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading The lieutenant, Ottigny, strolling off into the woods with a few men, met some Indians and was conducted to their village.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The failure at Port Royal did not discourage Admiral Coligny from sending out another expedition, in the spring of 1564, under the command of Rene de Laudonniere, who had been with Ribaut in 1562.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading JOHN'S RIVER Rene de Laudonniere's Expedition to the St. John's.--Absurd Illusions of the Frenchmen.--Their Bad Faith to the Indians, and its Fatal Results.--The Thirst for Gold, and how it was rewarded.--Buccaneering.--A Storm-cloud gathers in Spain.--Misery in the Fort on the St. John's.--Relieved by Sir John Hawkins.--Arrival of Ribaut with Men and Supplies.--Don Pedro Menendez captures Fort Caroline and massacres the Garrison and Shipwrecked Crews.--Dominique de Gourgues takes Vengeance.

woodsnounUS /wʊdz/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading The lieutenant, Ottigny, strolling off into the woods with a few men, met some Indians and was conducted to their village.

Chapter 7 of French Pathfinders in North America by William Henry Johnson holds 215 sentences, grouped into 43 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of French Pathfinders in North America contain?

Chapter 7 holds 215 sentences of French Pathfinders in North America, unabridged, divided into 43 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of French Pathfinders in North America by William Henry Johnson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 215 sentences, grouped into 43 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of French Pathfinders in North America?

Work through the 43 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 43 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Is this the complete text of French Pathfinders in North America?

Yes. All 2961 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #21543 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of French Pathfinders in North America is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #21543, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does French Pathfinders in North America take to read?

About 246 minutes of reading across 593 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through French Pathfinders in North America section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in French Pathfinders in North America

Words and structures a reader meets early in French Pathfinders in North America, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

America
A word that appears in the opening chapter of French Pathfinders in North America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Probably
A word that appears in the opening chapter of French Pathfinders in North America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Peopled
A word that appears in the opening chapter of French Pathfinders in North America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Unity
A word that appears in the opening chapter of French Pathfinders in North America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.