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Freston Tower
Freston Tower

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of Freston Tower is here in full — 118 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
AFFECTIONS.
Youth has powerful struggles with itself to command its various affections in the order of wisdom.
Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.
Men talk of tempers, passions, and affections, as if they were the predominant powers over the soul.
These may be all subdued and brought into subjection by the constant exercise of prayer for grace.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Freston Tower

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of Freston Tower is here in full — 118 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
AFFECTIONS.
/əˈfekʃənz/
Line 2
Youth has powerful struggles with itself to command its various affections in the order of wisdom.
/juːθ hæz ˈpaʊərfəl ˈstrʌɡəlz wɪð ˌɪtˈself tuː kəˈmænd ɪts ˈveriəs əˈfekʃənz ɪn ðə ˈɔːrdər ʌv ˈwɪzdəm/
Line 3
Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.
Line 4
Men talk of tempers, passions, and affections, as if they were the predominant powers over the soul.
/men tɔːk ʌv ˈtempərz ˈpæʃənz ənd əˈfekʃənz æz ɪf ðeɪ wɜːr ðə prɪˈdɑːmənənt ˈpaʊərz ˈoʊvər ðə soʊl/
Line 5
These may be all subdued and brought into subjection by the constant exercise of prayer for grace.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

affections noun US /əˈfekʃənz/

plural of “affection” — a positive feeling of liking

From this reading “AFFECTIONS.”

declaration noun US /ˌdeklərˈeɪʃən/

a statement that is emphatic and explicit (spoken or written)

From this reading “Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.”

predominant adjective US /prɪˈdɑːmənənt/

most frequent or common

From this reading “Men talk of tempers, passions, and affections, as if they were the predominant powers over the soul.”

struggles noun US /ˈstrʌɡəlz/

plural of “struggle” — an energetic attempt to achieve something

From this reading “Youth has powerful struggles with itself to command its various affections in the order of wisdom.”

tempers noun US /ˈtempərz/

plural of “temper” — a sudden outburst of anger

From this reading “Men talk of tempers, passions, and affections, as if they were the predominant powers over the soul.”

tuition noun US /tjuːˈɪʃən/

a fee paid for instruction (especially for higher education)

From this reading “Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.”

wisest adjective US /ˈwaɪzəst/

superlative of “wise” — having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading “Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.”

world's noun US /wɜːrldz/

possessive form of “world” — everything that exists anywhere

From this reading “Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Early education adjective + noun

In this reading “Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.”

well known adverb + adjective

In this reading “Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.”

into subjection preposition + noun

In this reading “These may be all subdued and brought into subjection by the constant exercise of prayer for grace.”

wisest man's adjective + noun counted as “wise man”

a wise and trusted guide and advisor

In this reading “Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.”

struggles with verb + particle counted as “struggle with”

In this reading “Youth has powerful struggles with itself to command its various affections in the order of wisdom.”

brought into verb + particle counted as “bring into”

In this reading “These may be all subdued and brought into subjection by the constant exercise of prayer for grace.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AFFECTIONSnounUS /əˈfekʃənz/

plural of “affection” — a positive feeling of liking

From this reading AFFECTIONS.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading These may be all subdued and brought into subjection by the constant exercise of prayer for grace.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Men talk of tempers, passions, and affections, as if they were the predominant powers over the soul.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Men talk of tempers, passions, and affections, as if they were the predominant powers over the soul.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading These may be all subdued and brought into subjection by the constant exercise of prayer for grace.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading These may be all subdued and brought into subjection by the constant exercise of prayer for grace.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading These may be all subdued and brought into subjection by the constant exercise of prayer for grace.

commandnounUS /kəˈmænd/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading Youth has powerful struggles with itself to command its various affections in the order of wisdom.

constantadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnstənt/

unvarying in nature

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

declarationnounUS /ˌdeklərˈeɪʃən/

a statement that is emphatic and explicit (spoken or written)

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

EarlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

educationnounUS /ˌedʒəˈkeɪʃən/

the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

exercisenounUS /ˈeksərsaɪz/

the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit

From this reading These may be all subdued and brought into subjection by the constant exercise of prayer for grace.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading These may be all subdued and brought into subjection by the constant exercise of prayer for grace.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

gracenounUS /ɡreɪs/

(Christian theology) a state of sanctification by God; the state of one who is under such divine influence

From this reading These may be all subdued and brought into subjection by the constant exercise of prayer for grace.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Youth has powerful struggles with itself to command its various affections in the order of wisdom.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Men talk of tempers, passions, and affections, as if they were the predominant powers over the soul.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Youth has powerful struggles with itself to command its various affections in the order of wisdom.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading These may be all subdued and brought into subjection by the constant exercise of prayer for grace.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Youth has powerful struggles with itself to command its various affections in the order of wisdom.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading Youth has powerful struggles with itself to command its various affections in the order of wisdom.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

man'snounUS /mænz/

possessive form of “man” — an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading These may be all subdued and brought into subjection by the constant exercise of prayer for grace.

MennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Men talk of tempers, passions, and affections, as if they were the predominant powers over the soul.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Youth has powerful struggles with itself to command its various affections in the order of wisdom.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading Youth has powerful struggles with itself to command its various affections in the order of wisdom.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Men talk of tempers, passions, and affections, as if they were the predominant powers over the soul.

passionsnounUS /ˈpæʃənz/

plural of “passion” — a strong feeling or emotion

From this reading Men talk of tempers, passions, and affections, as if they were the predominant powers over the soul.

powerfuladjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərfəl/

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading Youth has powerful struggles with itself to command its various affections in the order of wisdom.

powersnounUS /ˈpaʊərz/

plural of “power” — possession of controlling influence

From this reading Men talk of tempers, passions, and affections, as if they were the predominant powers over the soul.

prayernounUS /prer/

the act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving)

From this reading These may be all subdued and brought into subjection by the constant exercise of prayer for grace.

predominantadjectiveUS /prɪˈdɑːmənənt/

most frequent or common

From this reading Men talk of tempers, passions, and affections, as if they were the predominant powers over the soul.

self-governance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

soulnounUS /soʊl/

the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading Men talk of tempers, passions, and affections, as if they were the predominant powers over the soul.

strugglesnounUS /ˈstrʌɡəlz/

plural of “struggle” — an energetic attempt to achieve something

From this reading Youth has powerful struggles with itself to command its various affections in the order of wisdom.

subduedadjectiveUS /səbˈduːd/

in a softened tone

From this reading These may be all subdued and brought into subjection by the constant exercise of prayer for grace.

subjectionnoun

forced submission to control by others

From this reading These may be all subdued and brought into subjection by the constant exercise of prayer for grace.

talkverbUS /tɔːk/

exchange thoughts; talk with

From this reading Men talk of tempers, passions, and affections, as if they were the predominant powers over the soul.

tempersnounUS /ˈtempərz/

plural of “temper” — a sudden outburst of anger

From this reading Men talk of tempers, passions, and affections, as if they were the predominant powers over the soul.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Youth has powerful struggles with itself to command its various affections in the order of wisdom.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These may be all subdued and brought into subjection by the constant exercise of prayer for grace.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Men talk of tempers, passions, and affections, as if they were the predominant powers over the soul.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Youth has powerful struggles with itself to command its various affections in the order of wisdom.

tuitionnounUS /tjuːˈɪʃən/

a fee paid for instruction (especially for higher education)

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading Youth has powerful struggles with itself to command its various affections in the order of wisdom.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Men talk of tempers, passions, and affections, as if they were the predominant powers over the soul.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

wisdomnounUS /ˈwɪzdəm/

accumulated knowledge or erudition or enlightenment

From this reading Youth has powerful struggles with itself to command its various affections in the order of wisdom.

wisestadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪzəst/

superlative of “wise” — having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Youth has powerful struggles with itself to command its various affections in the order of wisdom.

world'snounUS /wɜːrldz/

possessive form of “world” — everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Early education, it is well known, not only from the wisest man's declaration, but from the world's constant experience, will do much in the tuition of self-governance.

YouthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading Youth has powerful struggles with itself to command its various affections in the order of wisdom.

Chapter 18 of Freston Tower by Richard Cobbold holds 118 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of Freston Tower contain?

Chapter 18 holds 118 sentences of Freston Tower, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of Freston Tower by Richard Cobbold exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 118 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of Freston Tower?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Freston Tower

Common questions about reading Freston Tower by Richard Cobbold on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Freston Tower?

Yes. All 4816 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #76999 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Freston Tower is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #76999, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Freston Tower take to read?

About 401 minutes of reading across 964 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Freston Tower section by section

How to work through Freston Tower section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Freston Tower to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Freston Tower

Words and structures a reader meets early in Freston Tower, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Times
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Freston Tower; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cardinal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Freston Tower; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wolsey
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Freston Tower; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Freston Tower; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.