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Friars and Filipinos
Friars and Filipinos

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of Friars and Filipinos is here in full — 100 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Chapter 18 of Friars and Filipinos by José Rizal holds 100 sentences, grouped into 20 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of Friars and Filipinos contain?

Chapter 18 holds 100 sentences of Friars and Filipinos, unabridged, divided into 20 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of Friars and Filipinos by José Rizal exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 100 sentences, grouped into 20 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of Friars and Filipinos?

Work through the 20 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 20 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Friars and Filipinos

Common questions about reading Friars and Filipinos by José Rizal on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Friars and Filipinos?

Yes. All 6088 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #30278 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Friars and Filipinos is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #30278, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Friars and Filipinos take to read?

About 507 minutes of reading across 1218 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Friars and Filipinos section by section

How to work through Friars and Filipinos section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Friars and Filipinos to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Friars and Filipinos

Words and structures a reader meets early in Friars and Filipinos, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Tagalog
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Friars and Filipinos; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Novel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Friars and Filipinos; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tangere
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Friars and Filipinos; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Frank
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Friars and Filipinos; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cover illustration for Friars and Filipinos
Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE FIRST CLOUD.
The house of Captain Tiago was no less disturbed than the imagination of the people.
Maria Clara, refusing to listen to the consolation of her aunt and foster sister, did nothing but weep.
Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.
Captain Tiago, though very busy preparing his house for the reception of the Governor General, had been summoned to the convent.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Friars and Filipinos

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of Friars and Filipinos is here in full — 100 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE FIRST CLOUD.
Line 2
The house of Captain Tiago was no less disturbed than the imagination of the people.
Line 3
Maria Clara, refusing to listen to the consolation of her aunt and foster sister, did nothing but weep.
Line 4
Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.
Line 5
Captain Tiago, though very busy preparing his house for the reception of the Governor General, had been summoned to the convent.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “Captain Tiago, though very busy preparing his house for the reception of the Governor General, had been summoned to the convent.”

Captain noun US /ˈcaptain/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “The house of Captain Tiago was no less disturbed than the imagination of the people.”

Forbidden adjective US /fərˈbɪd.ən/

Not allowed; banned or prohibited by rule or law.

From this reading “Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.”

Nothing pronoun US /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading “Maria Clara, refusing to listen to the consolation of her aunt and foster sister, did nothing but weep.”

Though conjunction US /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading “Captain Tiago, though very busy preparing his house for the reception of the Governor General, had been summoned to the convent.”

Until preposition US /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading “Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.”

Upon preposition US /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.”

All words in this reading · 57

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

absolve

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Maria Clara, refusing to listen to the consolation of her aunt and foster sister, did nothing but weep.

aunt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Maria Clara, refusing to listen to the consolation of her aunt and foster sister, did nothing but weep.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Captain Tiago, though very busy preparing his house for the reception of the Governor General, had been summoned to the convent.

busy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Captain Tiago, though very busy preparing his house for the reception of the Governor General, had been summoned to the convent.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Maria Clara, refusing to listen to the consolation of her aunt and foster sister, did nothing but weep.

CaptainnounUS /ˈcaptain/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading The house of Captain Tiago was no less disturbed than the imagination of the people.

Clara

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Maria Clara, refusing to listen to the consolation of her aunt and foster sister, did nothing but weep.

CLOUD

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FIRST CLOUD.

consolation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Maria Clara, refusing to listen to the consolation of her aunt and foster sister, did nothing but weep.

convent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Captain Tiago, though very busy preparing his house for the reception of the Governor General, had been summoned to the convent.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Maria Clara, refusing to listen to the consolation of her aunt and foster sister, did nothing but weep.

disturbed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The house of Captain Tiago was no less disturbed than the imagination of the people.

excommunication

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.

father

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.

FIRST

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FIRST CLOUD.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Captain Tiago, though very busy preparing his house for the reception of the Governor General, had been summoned to the convent.

forbiddenadjectiveUS /fərˈbɪd.ən/

Not allowed; banned or prohibited by rule or law.

From this reading Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.

foster

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Maria Clara, refusing to listen to the consolation of her aunt and foster sister, did nothing but weep.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.

General

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Captain Tiago, though very busy preparing his house for the reception of the Governor General, had been summoned to the convent.

Governor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Captain Tiago, though very busy preparing his house for the reception of the Governor General, had been summoned to the convent.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Maria Clara, refusing to listen to the consolation of her aunt and foster sister, did nothing but weep.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Captain Tiago, though very busy preparing his house for the reception of the Governor General, had been summoned to the convent.

house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The house of Captain Tiago was no less disturbed than the imagination of the people.

Ibarra

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.

imagination

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The house of Captain Tiago was no less disturbed than the imagination of the people.

less

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The house of Captain Tiago was no less disturbed than the imagination of the people.

listen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Maria Clara, refusing to listen to the consolation of her aunt and foster sister, did nothing but weep.

Maria

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Maria Clara, refusing to listen to the consolation of her aunt and foster sister, did nothing but weep.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The house of Captain Tiago was no less disturbed than the imagination of the people.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Maria Clara, refusing to listen to the consolation of her aunt and foster sister, did nothing but weep.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The house of Captain Tiago was no less disturbed than the imagination of the people.

people

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The house of Captain Tiago was no less disturbed than the imagination of the people.

preparing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Captain Tiago, though very busy preparing his house for the reception of the Governor General, had been summoned to the convent.

priests

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.

pronounced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.

reception

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Captain Tiago, though very busy preparing his house for the reception of the Governor General, had been summoned to the convent.

refusing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Maria Clara, refusing to listen to the consolation of her aunt and foster sister, did nothing but weep.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.

sister

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Maria Clara, refusing to listen to the consolation of her aunt and foster sister, did nothing but weep.

speak

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.

summoned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Captain Tiago, though very busy preparing his house for the reception of the Governor General, had been summoned to the convent.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The house of Captain Tiago was no less disturbed than the imagination of the people.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE FIRST CLOUD.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Captain Tiago, though very busy preparing his house for the reception of the Governor General, had been summoned to the convent.

Tiago

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The house of Captain Tiago was no less disturbed than the imagination of the people.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Maria Clara, refusing to listen to the consolation of her aunt and foster sister, did nothing but weep.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.

very

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Captain Tiago, though very busy preparing his house for the reception of the Governor General, had been summoned to the convent.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The house of Captain Tiago was no less disturbed than the imagination of the people.

weep

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Maria Clara, refusing to listen to the consolation of her aunt and foster sister, did nothing but weep.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Her father had forbidden her to speak to Ibarra until the priests should absolve him from the excommunication which they had pronounced upon him.