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Friars and Filipinos
Friars and Filipinos

Chapter XXXVIII

Chapter 38 of Friars and Filipinos is here in full — 265 sentences across 53 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/53 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MARIA CLARA IS MARRIED.
Captain Tiago was very happy.
During all this terrible time nobody had busied himself with him.
They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.
He had returned to his Manila house.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Friars and Filipinos

Chapter XXXVIII

Chapter 38 of Friars and Filipinos is here in full — 265 sentences across 53 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/53 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MARIA CLARA IS MARRIED.
Line 2
Captain Tiago was very happy.
Line 3
During all this terrible time nobody had busied himself with him.
/ˈdʊrɪŋ ɔːl ðɪs ˈterəbəl taɪm ˈnoʊbɑːdiː hæd ˈbɪzid hɪmˈself wɪð hɪm/
Line 4
They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.
Line 5
He had returned to his Manila house.
/hiː hæd rɪˈtɜːrnd tuː hɪz məˈnɪlə haʊs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

baths noun US /bæθs/

plural of “bath” — a vessel containing liquid in which something is immersed (as to process it or to maintain it at a constant temperature or to lubricate it)

From this reading “They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.”

busied verb US /ˈbɪzid/

inflected form of “busy” — keep busy with

From this reading “During all this terrible time nobody had busied himself with him.”

civilized adjective US /ˈsɪvəlaɪzd/

having a high state of culture and development both social and technological

From this reading “They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.”

continual adjective US /kənˈtɪnjuːəl/

recurring regularly or frequently in a prolonged and closely spaced series

From this reading “They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.”

electrical adjective US /ɪˈlektrɪkəl/

relating to or concerned with electricity

From this reading “They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.”

Manila noun US /məˈnɪlə/

a strong paper or thin cardboard with a smooth light brown finish made from e.g. Manila hemp

From this reading “He had returned to his Manila house.”

punishments noun US /ˈpʌnɪʃmənts/

plural of “punishment” — the act of punishing

From this reading “They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.”

subterranean adjective US /ˌsʌb.təˈreɪ.ni.ən/

Existing, occurring, or done under the earth's surface.

From this reading “They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

well known adverb + adjective

In this reading “They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading During all this terrible time nobody had busied himself with him.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

arrestedverbUS /ərˈestɪd/

past form of “arrest” — take into custody

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

bathsnounUS /bæθs/

plural of “bath” — a vessel containing liquid in which something is immersed (as to process it or to maintain it at a constant temperature or to lubricate it)

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

busiedverbUS /ˈbɪzid/

inflected form of “busy” — keep busy with

From this reading During all this terrible time nobody had busied himself with him.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

CaptainnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading Captain Tiago was very happy.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

civilizedadjectiveUS /ˈsɪvəlaɪzd/

having a high state of culture and development both social and technological

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

CLARA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MARIA CLARA IS MARRIED.

continualadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːəl/

recurring regularly or frequently in a prolonged and closely spaced series

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

DuringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading During all this terrible time nobody had busied himself with him.

electricaladjectiveUS /ɪˈlektrɪkəl/

relating to or concerned with electricity

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

excommunications

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading During all this terrible time nobody had busied himself with him.

happyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading Captain Tiago was very happy.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had returned to his Manila house.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading During all this terrible time nobody had busied himself with him.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading During all this terrible time nobody had busied himself with him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He had returned to his Manila house.

hotadjectiveUS /hɑːt/

used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading He had returned to his Manila house.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

ISauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading MARIA CLARA IS MARRIED.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

machinesnounUS /məˈʃiːnz/

plural of “machine” — any mechanical or electrical device that transmits or modifies energy to perform or assist in the performance of human tasks

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

ManilanounUS /məˈnɪlə/

a strong paper or thin cardboard with a smooth light brown finish made from e.g. Manila hemp

From this reading He had returned to his Manila house.

MARIAnounUS /mərˈiːə/

a dark region of considerable extent on the surface of the moon

From this reading MARIA CLARA IS MARRIED.

MARRIEDadjectiveUS /ˈmerid/

joined in matrimony

From this reading MARIA CLARA IS MARRIED.

nobodypronounUS /ˈnoʊbɑːdiː/

no person; not anyone

From this reading During all this terrible time nobody had busied himself with him.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

punishmentsnounUS /ˈpʌnɪʃmənts/

plural of “punishment” — the act of punishing

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading He had returned to his Manila house.

submittedverbUS /səbˈmɪtɪd/

inflected form of “submit” — refer for judgment or consideration

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

subterraneanadjectiveUS /ˌsʌb.təˈreɪ.ni.ən/

Existing, occurring, or done under the earth's surface.

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

terribleadjectiveUS /ˈterəbəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading During all this terrible time nobody had busied himself with him.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading During all this terrible time nobody had busied himself with him.

Tiago

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Captain Tiago was very happy.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading During all this terrible time nobody had busied himself with him.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

trialsnounUS /ˈtraɪəlz/

plural of “trial” — the act of testing something

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Captain Tiago was very happy.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Captain Tiago was very happy.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading They had not arrested him, nor had they submitted him to excommunications, court trials, electrical machines, continual hot foot baths in subterranean places, or to any of the other punishments which are well known to certain people who call themselves civilized.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading During all this terrible time nobody had busied himself with him.

Chapter 38 of Friars and Filipinos by José Rizal holds 265 sentences, grouped into 53 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 38 of Friars and Filipinos contain?

Chapter 38 holds 265 sentences of Friars and Filipinos, unabridged, divided into 53 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 38 of Friars and Filipinos by José Rizal exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 265 sentences, grouped into 53 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 38 of Friars and Filipinos?

Work through the 53 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 53 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 38 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 38 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Friars and Filipinos

Common questions about reading Friars and Filipinos by José Rizal on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Friars and Filipinos?

Yes. All 6088 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #30278 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Friars and Filipinos is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #30278, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Friars and Filipinos take to read?

About 507 minutes of reading across 1218 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Friars and Filipinos section by section

How to work through Friars and Filipinos section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Friars and Filipinos

Words and structures a reader meets early in Friars and Filipinos, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Tagalog
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Friars and Filipinos; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Novel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Friars and Filipinos; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tangere
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Friars and Filipinos; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Frank
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Friars and Filipinos; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.