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Friend and foe
Friend and foe

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Friend and foe is here in full — 55 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Friend and foe
Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE CANVAS BAG.
THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.
There was a look of satisfaction upon his sensible, intelligent face.
"The police have had a busy night of it," said Mr. Lowndes.
"The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Friend and foe

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Friend and foe is here in full — 55 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE CANVAS BAG.
/ðə ˈkænvəs bæɡ/
Line 2
THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.
/ðə ˈmædʒəstreɪt ˈæftər ˈɡriːtɪŋ hɪz ˈsɪstər sæt daʊn ənd waɪpt hɪz ˈhiːtəd braʊ wɪð ə lɑːrdʒ sɪlk ˈhæŋkərtʃɪf/
Line 3
There was a look of satisfaction upon his sensible, intelligent face.
/ðer wɑːz ə lʊk ʌv ˌsætəˈsfækʃən əˈpɑːn hɪz ˈsensəbəl ˌɪnˈtelədʒənt feɪs/
Line 4
"The police have had a busy night of it," said Mr. Lowndes.
Line 5
"The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

arrested verb US /ərˈestɪd/

past form of “arrest” — take into custody

From this reading “"The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."”

canvas noun US /ˈkænvəs/

a heavy, closely woven fabric (used for clothing or chairs or sails or tents)

From this reading “THE CANVAS BAG.”

greeting noun US /ˈɡriːtɪŋ/

(usually plural) an acknowledgment or expression of good will (especially on meeting)

From this reading “THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.”

heated adjective US /ˈhiːtəd/

made warm or hot (“het” is a dialectal variant of “heated”)

From this reading “THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.”

intelligent adjective US /ˌɪnˈtelədʒənt/

having the capacity for thought and reason especially to a high degree

From this reading “There was a look of satisfaction upon his sensible, intelligent face.”

magistrate noun US /ˈmædʒəstreɪt/

a lay judge or civil authority who administers the law (especially one who conducts a court dealing with minor offenses)

From this reading “THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.”

sensible adjective US /ˈsensəbəl/

showing reason or sound judgment

From this reading “There was a look of satisfaction upon his sensible, intelligent face.”

wiped verb US /waɪpt/

past form of “wipe” — rub with a circular motion

From this reading “THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

silk handkerchief noun + noun

In this reading “THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.”

CANVAS BAG noun + noun

In this reading “THE CANVAS BAG.”

heated brow adjective + noun

In this reading “THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.”

intelligent face adjective + noun

In this reading “There was a look of satisfaction upon his sensible, intelligent face.”

brought home verb + noun counted as “bring home”

make understandable and clear

In this reading “"The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."”

got off verb + particle counted as “get off”

leave a vehicle, aircraft, etc.

In this reading “"The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."”

little doubt adjective + noun

In this reading “"The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.

arrestedverbUS /ərˈestɪd/

past form of “arrest” — take into custody

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

BAGnounUS /bæɡ/

a flexible container with a single opening

From this reading THE CANVAS BAG.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

brownounUS /braʊ/

the part of the face above the eyes

From this reading THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.

busyadjectiveUS /ˈbɪzi/

actively or fully engaged or occupied

From this reading "The police have had a busy night of it," said Mr. Lowndes.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

CANVASnounUS /ˈkænvəs/

a heavy, closely woven fabric (used for clothing or chairs or sails or tents)

From this reading THE CANVAS BAG.

chargeverbUS /tʃɑːrdʒ/

to make a rush at or sudden attack upon, as in battle

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

doubtnounUS /daʊt/

the state of being unsure of something

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading There was a look of satisfaction upon his sensible, intelligent face.

fellownounUS /ˈfeloʊ/

a boy or man

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

greetingnounUS /ˈɡriːtɪŋ/

(usually plural) an acknowledgment or expression of good will (especially on meeting)

From this reading THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading "The police have had a busy night of it," said Mr. Lowndes.

handkerchiefnounUS /ˈhæŋkərtʃɪf/

a square piece of cloth used for wiping the eyes or nose or as a costume accessory

From this reading THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "The police have had a busy night of it," said Mr. Lowndes.

he's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

heatedadjectiveUS /ˈhiːtəd/

made warm or hot (“het” is a dialectal variant of “heated”)

From this reading THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

intelligentadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtelədʒənt/

having the capacity for thought and reason especially to a high degree

From this reading There was a look of satisfaction upon his sensible, intelligent face.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading "The police have had a busy night of it," said Mr. Lowndes.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading There was a look of satisfaction upon his sensible, intelligent face.

Lowndes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The police have had a busy night of it," said Mr. Lowndes.

magistratenounUS /ˈmædʒəstreɪt/

a lay judge or civil authority who administers the law (especially one who conducts a court dealing with minor offenses)

From this reading THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading "The police have had a busy night of it," said Mr. Lowndes.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading "The police have had a busy night of it," said Mr. Lowndes.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading There was a look of satisfaction upon his sensible, intelligent face.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

policenounUS /pəˈliːs/

the force of policemen and officers

From this reading "The police have had a busy night of it," said Mr. Lowndes.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "The police have had a busy night of it," said Mr. Lowndes.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.

satisfactionnounUS /ˌsætəˈsfækʃən/

the contentment one feels when one has fulfilled a desire, need, or expectation

From this reading There was a look of satisfaction upon his sensible, intelligent face.

sensibleadjectiveUS /ˈsensəbəl/

showing reason or sound judgment

From this reading There was a look of satisfaction upon his sensible, intelligent face.

silknounUS /sɪlk/

a fabric made from the fine threads produced by certain insect larvae

From this reading THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.

sisternounUS /ˈsɪstər/

a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE CANVAS BAG.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was a look of satisfaction upon his sensible, intelligent face.

there's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading There was a look of satisfaction upon his sensible, intelligent face.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was a look of satisfaction upon his sensible, intelligent face.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading "The fellow very nearly got off: but he's been arrested at last, and there's little doubt but that the charge will be brought home to him now."

wipedverbUS /waɪpt/

past form of “wipe” — rub with a circular motion

From this reading THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading THE magistrate, after greeting his sister, sat down, and wiped his heated brow with a large silk handkerchief.

Chapter 8 of Friend and foe by A. L. O. E. holds 55 sentences, grouped into 11 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Friend and foe contain?

Chapter 8 holds 55 sentences of Friend and foe, unabridged, divided into 11 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Friend and foe by A. L. O. E. exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 55 sentences, grouped into 11 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Friend and foe?

Work through the 11 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 11 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Friend and foe

Common questions about reading Friend and foe by A. L. O. E. on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Friend and foe?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Friend and foe is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Friend and foe take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in Friend and foe

Words and structures a reader meets early in Friend and foe, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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