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Friends, though divided
Friends, though divided

Chapter XXII · Chapter 22

Chapter 22 of Friends, though divided is here in full — 191 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/38 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE BATTLE OF WORCESTER.
The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.
Cromwell's army occupied a peninsula, having on their face a brook running along a deep, narrow little valley.
The Scotch position on the hill was an exceedingly strong one, and had they remained there Cromwell's army must have been driven to surrender.
Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Friends, though divided

Chapter XXII · Chapter 22

Chapter 22 of Friends, though divided is here in full — 191 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/38 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE BATTLE OF WORCESTER.
/ðə ˈbætəl ʌv ˈwʊstər/
Line 2
The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.
Line 3
Cromwell's army occupied a peninsula, having on their face a brook running along a deep, narrow little valley.
/ˈkrɑːmwɪlz ˈɑːrmi ˈɑːkjəpaɪd ə pəˈnɪnsələ ˈhævɪŋ ɑːn ðer feɪs ə brʊk ˈrʌnɪŋ əˈlɔːŋ ə diːp ˈneroʊ ˈlɪtəl ˈvæli/
Line 4
The Scotch position on the hill was an exceedingly strong one, and had they remained there Cromwell's army must have been driven to surrender.
/ðə skɑːtʃ pəˈzɪʃən ɑːn ðə hɪl wɑːz æn ɪkˈsiːdɪŋli strɔːŋ wʌn ənd hæd ðeɪ rɪˈmeɪnd ðer ˈkrɑːmwɪlz ˈɑːrmi mʌst hæv bɪn ˈdrɪvən tuː sərˈendər/
Line 5
Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

blocked adjective US /blɑːkt/

closed to traffic

From this reading “Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.”

Cromwell noun US /ˈkrɑːmwəl/

English general and statesman who led the parliamentary army in the English Civil War (1599-1658)

From this reading “The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.”

Cromwell's noun US /ˈkrɑːmwɪlz/

possessive form of “cromwell” — English general and statesman who led the parliamentary army in the English Civil War (1599-1658)

From this reading “Cromwell's army occupied a peninsula, having on their face a brook running along a deep, narrow little valley.”

miracle noun US /ˈmɪrəkəl/

any amazing or wonderful occurrence

From this reading “Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.”

peninsula noun US /pəˈnɪnsələ/

a large mass of land projecting into a body of water

From this reading “Cromwell's army occupied a peninsula, having on their face a brook running along a deep, narrow little valley.”

Scotch noun US /skɑːtʃ/

a slight surface cut (especially a notch that is made to keep a tally)

From this reading “The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.”

surrender noun US /sərˈendər/

acceptance of despair

From this reading “The Scotch position on the hill was an exceedingly strong one, and had they remained there Cromwell's army must have been driven to surrender.”

worcester noun US /ˈwʊstər/

United States lexicographer who was accused of plagiarism by Noah Webster (1784-1865)

From this reading “THE BATTLE OF WORCESTER.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Cromwell's army occupied a peninsula, having on their face a brook running along a deep, narrow little valley.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading Cromwell's army occupied a peninsula, having on their face a brook running along a deep, narrow little valley.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The Scotch position on the hill was an exceedingly strong one, and had they remained there Cromwell's army must have been driven to surrender.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

BATTLEnounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading THE BATTLE OF WORCESTER.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The Scotch position on the hill was an exceedingly strong one, and had they remained there Cromwell's army must have been driven to surrender.

blockedadjectiveUS /blɑːkt/

closed to traffic

From this reading Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.

brooknounUS /brʊk/

a natural stream of water smaller than a river (and often a tributary of a river)

From this reading Cromwell's army occupied a peninsula, having on their face a brook running along a deep, narrow little valley.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.

Copperspath

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.

CromwellnounUS /ˈkrɑːmwəl/

English general and statesman who led the parliamentary army in the English Civil War (1599-1658)

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

Cromwell'snounUS /ˈkrɑːmwɪlz/

possessive form of “cromwell” — English general and statesman who led the parliamentary army in the English Civil War (1599-1658)

From this reading Cromwell's army occupied a peninsula, having on their face a brook running along a deep, narrow little valley.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading Cromwell's army occupied a peninsula, having on their face a brook running along a deep, narrow little valley.

Doon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading The Scotch position on the hill was an exceedingly strong one, and had they remained there Cromwell's army must have been driven to surrender.

Dunbar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

enemynounUS /ˈenəmi/

an opposing military force

From this reading Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.

exceedinglyadverbUS /ɪkˈsiːdɪŋli/

to an extreme degree

From this reading The Scotch position on the hill was an exceedingly strong one, and had they remained there Cromwell's army must have been driven to surrender.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading Cromwell's army occupied a peninsula, having on their face a brook running along a deep, narrow little valley.

facingnounUS /ˈfeɪsɪŋ/

a lining applied to the edge of a garment for ornamentation or strengthening

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

hathauxiliary verbUS /hæθ/

an old form of “has”

From this reading Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The Scotch position on the hill was an exceedingly strong one, and had they remained there Cromwell's army must have been driven to surrender.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Cromwell's army occupied a peninsula, having on their face a brook running along a deep, narrow little valley.

hillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Cromwell's army occupied a peninsula, having on their face a brook running along a deep, narrow little valley.

miraclenounUS /ˈmɪrəkəl/

any amazing or wonderful occurrence

From this reading Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

movedadjectiveUS /muːvd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The Scotch position on the hill was an exceedingly strong one, and had they remained there Cromwell's army must have been driven to surrender.

narrowverbUS /ˈneroʊ/

make or become more narrow or restricted

From this reading Cromwell's army occupied a peninsula, having on their face a brook running along a deep, narrow little valley.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.

occupiedadjectiveUS /ˈɑːkjəpaɪd/

held or filled or in use

From this reading Cromwell's army occupied a peninsula, having on their face a brook running along a deep, narrow little valley.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE BATTLE OF WORCESTER.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The Scotch position on the hill was an exceedingly strong one, and had they remained there Cromwell's army must have been driven to surrender.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.

passverbUS /pæs/

go across or through

From this reading Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.

peninsulanounUS /pəˈnɪnsələ/

a large mass of land projecting into a body of water

From this reading Cromwell's army occupied a peninsula, having on their face a brook running along a deep, narrow little valley.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading The Scotch position on the hill was an exceedingly strong one, and had they remained there Cromwell's army must have been driven to surrender.

postverbUS /poʊst/

affix in a public place or for public notice

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading The Scotch position on the hill was an exceedingly strong one, and had they remained there Cromwell's army must have been driven to surrender.

runningadjectiveUS /ˈrʌnɪŋ/

(of fluids) moving or issuing in a stream

From this reading Cromwell's army occupied a peninsula, having on their face a brook running along a deep, narrow little valley.

ScotchnounUS /skɑːtʃ/

a slight surface cut (especially a notch that is made to keep a tally)

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading The Scotch position on the hill was an exceedingly strong one, and had they remained there Cromwell's army must have been driven to surrender.

surrendernounUS /sərˈendər/

acceptance of despair

From this reading The Scotch position on the hill was an exceedingly strong one, and had they remained there Cromwell's army must have been driven to surrender.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE BATTLE OF WORCESTER.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Cromwell's army occupied a peninsula, having on their face a brook running along a deep, narrow little valley.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The Scotch position on the hill was an exceedingly strong one, and had they remained there Cromwell's army must have been driven to surrender.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.

valleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading Cromwell's army occupied a peninsula, having on their face a brook running along a deep, narrow little valley.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Scotch position on the hill was an exceedingly strong one, and had they remained there Cromwell's army must have been driven to surrender.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The next morning the Scotch army moved after that of Cromwell, which had fallen back to Dunbar, and took post on the Doon hill facing him there.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.

WORCESTERnounUS /ˈwʊstər/

United States lexicographer who was accused of plagiarism by Noah Webster (1784-1865)

From this reading THE BATTLE OF WORCESTER.

wroteverbUS /roʊt/

inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading Cromwell himself wrote on that night, "The enemy hath blocked up our way at the pass at Copperspath, through which we cannot pass without almost a miracle.

Chapter 22 of Friends, though divided by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty holds 191 sentences, grouped into 39 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 22 of Friends, though divided contain?

Chapter 22 holds 191 sentences of Friends, though divided, unabridged, divided into 39 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 22 of Friends, though divided by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 191 sentences, grouped into 39 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 22 of Friends, though divided?

Work through the 39 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 39 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 22 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 22 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Friends, though divided

Common questions about reading Friends, though divided by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Friends, though divided?

Yes. All 4608 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #11565 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Friends, though divided is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #11565, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Friends, though divided take to read?

About 384 minutes of reading across 922 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Friends, though divided section by section

How to work through Friends, though divided section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of Friends, though divided to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Friends, though divided

Words and structures a reader meets early in Friends, though divided, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Evening
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Friends, though divided; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Henry
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Friends, though divided; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Furness
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Friends, though divided; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Returned
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Friends, though divided; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.