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Friendship Village
Friendship Village

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Friendship Village is here in full — 446 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Friendship Village
Context Illustration Reading 1/89 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Set up and electrotyped.
Published October, 1908.
_Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.
But I commend for occupancy a sweeter place.
For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Friendship Village

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Friendship Village is here in full — 446 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/89 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Set up and electrotyped.
Line 2
Published October, 1908.
Line 3
_Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.
Line 4
But I commend for occupancy a sweeter place.
/bʌt aɪ kəˈmend fɔːr ˈɑːkjəpənsi ə ˈswiːtər pleɪs/
Line 5
For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Caledonia noun US /ˌkæləˈdoʊniə/

the geographical area (in Roman times) to the north of the Antonine Wall; now a poetic name for Scotland

From this reading “For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."”

commend verb US /kəˈmend/

express approval of

From this reading “But I commend for occupancy a sweeter place.”

Cushing noun US /ˈkʊʃɪŋ/

United States neurologist noted for his study of the brain and pituitary gland and who identified Cushing's syndrome (1869-1939)

From this reading “_Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.”

occupancy noun US /ˈɑːkjəpənsi/

an act of being a tenant or occupant

From this reading “But I commend for occupancy a sweeter place.”

October noun US /ɑːkˈtoʊbər/

the month following September and preceding November

From this reading “Published October, 1908.”

rhythmic adjective US /ˈrɪðmɪk/

recurring with measured regularity

From this reading “For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."”

spans noun US /spænz/

plural of “span” — the complete duration of something

From this reading “For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."”

sweeter adjective US /ˈswiːtər/

comparative of “sweet” — having or denoting the characteristic taste of sugar

From this reading “But I commend for occupancy a sweeter place.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1908

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Published October, 1908.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Set up and electrotyped.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

Berwick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

birdsnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

bridgenounUS /brɪdʒ/

a structure that allows people or vehicles to cross an obstacle such as a river or canal or railway etc.

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

buildverbUS /bɪld/

make by combining materials and parts

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But I commend for occupancy a sweeter place.

CaledonianounUS /ˌkæləˈdoʊniə/

the geographical area (in Roman times) to the north of the Antonine Wall; now a poetic name for Scotland

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

ConounUS /koʊ/

an odorless very poisonous gas that is a product of incomplete combustion of carbon

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

commendverbUS /kəˈmend/

express approval of

From this reading But I commend for occupancy a sweeter place.

comradeshipnoun

the quality of affording easy familiarity and sociability

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

CushingnounUS /ˈkʊʃɪŋ/

United States neurologist noted for his study of the brain and pituitary gland and who identified Cushing's syndrome (1869-1939)

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

electrotyped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Set up and electrotyped.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading But I commend for occupancy a sweeter place.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

FriendshipnounUS /ˈfrendʃɪp/

the state of being friends (or friendly)

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

islandnounUS /ˈaɪlənd/

a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

JnounUS /dʒeɪ/

a unit of electrical energy equal to the work done when a current of one ampere passes through a resistance of one ohm for one second

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

MassnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

neareradverbUS /ˈnɪrər/

(comparative of “near” or “close”) within a shorter distance

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

Norwood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

occupancynounUS /ˈɑːkjəpənsi/

an act of being a tenant or occupant

From this reading But I commend for occupancy a sweeter place.

OctobernounUS /ɑːkˈtoʊbər/

the month following September and preceding November

From this reading Published October, 1908.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

offerverbUS /ˈɔːfər/

make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

opportunitynounUS /ˌɑːpərˈtuːnəti/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading But I commend for occupancy a sweeter place.

PressverbUS /pres/

exert pressure or force to or upon

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

PublishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading Published October, 1908.

quietadjectiveUS /ˈkwaɪət/

characterized by an absence or near absence of agitation or activity

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

rhythmicadjectiveUS /ˈrɪðmɪk/

recurring with measured regularity

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

SetverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Set up and electrotyped.

SmithnounUS /smɪθ/

Rhodesian statesman who declared independence of Zimbabwe from Great Britain (born in 1919)

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

spansnounUS /spænz/

plural of “span” — the complete duration of something

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

sweeteradjectiveUS /ˈswiːtər/

comparative of “sweet” — having or denoting the characteristic taste of sugar

From this reading But I commend for occupancy a sweeter place.

teachverbUS /tiːtʃ/

impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

UnounUS /juː/

a base containing nitrogen that is found in RNA (but not in DNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Set up and electrotyped.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

VillagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading _Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A._ Friendship Village is not known to me, nor are any of its people, save in the comradeship which I offer here.

windowsnounUS /ˈwɪndoʊz/

(trademark) an operating system with a graphical user interface

From this reading For us here the long Caledonia hills, the four rhythmic spans of the bridge, the nearer river, the island where the first birds build--these teach our windows the quiet and the opportunity of the "home town," among the "home people."

Chapter 1 of Friendship Village by Zona Gale holds 446 sentences, grouped into 90 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Friendship Village contain?

Chapter 1 holds 446 sentences of Friendship Village, unabridged, divided into 90 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Friendship Village by Zona Gale exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 446 sentences, grouped into 90 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Friendship Village?

Work through the 90 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 90 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Friendship Village

Common questions about reading Friendship Village by Zona Gale on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Friendship Village?

Yes. All 4376 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #26644 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Friendship Village is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #26644, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Friendship Village take to read?

About 364 minutes of reading across 876 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Friendship Village section by section

How to work through Friendship Village section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of Friendship Village to begin.

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    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Friendship Village

Words and structures a reader meets early in Friendship Village, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Electrotyped
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Friendship Village; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Published
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Friendship Village; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
October
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Friendship Village; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Norwood
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Friendship Village; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.