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From Chaucer to Tennyson With Twenty-Nine
From Chaucer to Tennyson With Twenty-Nine

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of From Chaucer to Tennyson With Twenty-Nine is here in full — 1322 sentences across 265 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/264 · 5 lines
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FROM THE DEATH OF SCOTT TO THE PRESENT TIME.
1832-1893.
The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.
Many of the principal writers of the time are still living, and many others have been dead but a few years.
This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

From Chaucer to Tennyson With Twenty-Nine

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of From Chaucer to Tennyson With Twenty-Nine is here in full — 1322 sentences across 265 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/264 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
FROM THE DEATH OF SCOTT TO THE PRESENT TIME.
/frʌm ðə deθ ʌv skɑːt tuː ðə ˈprezənt taɪm/
Line 2
1832-1893.
Line 3
The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.
/ðə ˈlɪtərətʃər ʌv ðə pæst ˈfɪfti jɪrz ɪz tuː kloʊs tuː ˈaʊər aɪz tuː eˈneɪbəl ðə ˈkrɪtɪk tuː prəˈnaʊns ə ˈfaɪnəl ˈdʒʌdʒmənt ɔːr ðə ˈlɪtəreri hɪˈstɔːriən tuː ɡet ə truː pərˈspektɪv/
Line 4
Many of the principal writers of the time are still living, and many others have been dead but a few years.
Line 5
This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

concluding adjective US /kənˈkluːdɪŋ/

occurring at or forming an end or termination

From this reading “This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.”

critic noun US /ˈkrɪtɪk/

a person who is professionally engaged in the analysis and interpretation of works of art

From this reading “The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.”

historian noun US /hɪˈstɔːriən/

a person who is an authority on history and who studies it and writes about it

From this reading “The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.”

leaders noun US /ˈliːdərz/

the body of people who lead a group

From this reading “This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.”

perspective noun US /pərˈspektɪv/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading “The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.”

pronounce verb US /prəˈnaʊns/

speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way

From this reading “The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.”

representatives noun US /ˌreprəˈzentətɪvz/

plural of “representative” — a person who represents others

From this reading “This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.”

writers noun US /ˈraɪtərz/

plural of “writer” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading “Many of the principal writers of the time are still living, and many others have been dead but a few years.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1832

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1832-1893.

1893

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1832-1893.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Many of the principal writers of the time are still living, and many others have been dead but a few years.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Many of the principal writers of the time are still living, and many others have been dead but a few years.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Many of the principal writers of the time are still living, and many others have been dead but a few years.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Many of the principal writers of the time are still living, and many others have been dead but a few years.

changesnounUS /ˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “change” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

chapternounUS /ˈtʃæptər/

a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

concludingadjectiveUS /kənˈkluːdɪŋ/

occurring at or forming an end or termination

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

considerationnounUS /kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃən/

the process of giving careful thought to something

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

criticnounUS /ˈkrɪtɪk/

a person who is professionally engaged in the analysis and interpretation of works of art

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading Many of the principal writers of the time are still living, and many others have been dead but a few years.

DEATHnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading FROM THE DEATH OF SCOTT TO THE PRESENT TIME.

devotedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvoʊtɪd/

zealous in devotion or affection

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

enableverbUS /eˈneɪbəl/

render capable or able for some task

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

fashionnounUS /ˈfæʃən/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading Many of the principal writers of the time are still living, and many others have been dead but a few years.

fiftynounUS /ˈfɪfti/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and five

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

finaladjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnəl/

occurring at or forming an end or termination

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

FROMprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading FROM THE DEATH OF SCOTT TO THE PRESENT TIME.

futureadjectiveUS /ˈfjuːtʃər/

yet to be or coming

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

generationnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃən/

all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Many of the principal writers of the time are still living, and many others have been dead but a few years.

historiannounUS /hɪˈstɔːriən/

a person who is an authority on history and who studies it and writes about it

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

incontestably

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

judgmentnounUS /ˈdʒʌdʒmənt/

an opinion formed by judging something

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

leadersnounUS /ˈliːdərz/

the body of people who lead a group

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

likelyadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪkli/

has a good chance of being the case or of coming about

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

literaryadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəreri/

of or relating to or characteristic of literature

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading Many of the principal writers of the time are still living, and many others have been dead but a few years.

ManyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Many of the principal writers of the time are still living, and many others have been dead but a few years.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading FROM THE DEATH OF SCOTT TO THE PRESENT TIME.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Many of the principal writers of the time are still living, and many others have been dead but a few years.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

perspectivenounUS /pərˈspektɪv/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

PRESENTverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading FROM THE DEATH OF SCOTT TO THE PRESENT TIME.

principalnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated

From this reading Many of the principal writers of the time are still living, and many others have been dead but a few years.

pronounceverbUS /prəˈnaʊns/

speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

remainverbUS /rɪˈmeɪn/

stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

representativesnounUS /ˌreprəˈzentətɪvz/

plural of “representative” — a person who represents others

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

SCOTTnounUS /skɑːt/

award-winning United States film actor (1928-1999)

From this reading FROM THE DEATH OF SCOTT TO THE PRESENT TIME.

seemverbUS /siːm/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Many of the principal writers of the time are still living, and many others have been dead but a few years.

tasteverbUS /teɪst/

To perceive flavor through the mouth.

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading FROM THE DEATH OF SCOTT TO THE PRESENT TIME.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

TIMEnounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading FROM THE DEATH OF SCOTT TO THE PRESENT TIME.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading FROM THE DEATH OF SCOTT TO THE PRESENT TIME.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading This concluding chapter, therefore, will be devoted to the consideration of the few who stand forth, incontestably, as the leaders of literary thought, and who seem likely, under all future changes of fashion and taste, to remain representatives of their generation.

writersnounUS /ˈraɪtərz/

plural of “writer” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading Many of the principal writers of the time are still living, and many others have been dead but a few years.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading The literature of the past fifty years is too close to our eyes to enable the critic to pronounce a final judgment, or the literary historian to get a true perspective.

Chapter 8 of From Chaucer to Tennyson With Twenty-Nine by Henry A. (Henry Augustin) Beers holds 1322 sentences, grouped into 265 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of From Chaucer to Tennyson With Twenty-Nine contain?

Chapter 8 holds 1322 sentences of From Chaucer to Tennyson With Twenty-Nine, unabridged, divided into 265 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of From Chaucer to Tennyson With Twenty-Nine by Henry A. (Henry Augustin) Beers exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 1322 sentences, grouped into 265 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of From Chaucer to Tennyson With Twenty-Nine?

Work through the 265 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #11618, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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Vocabulary met early in From Chaucer to Tennyson With Twenty-Nine

Words and structures a reader meets early in From Chaucer to Tennyson With Twenty-Nine, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Conquest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of From Chaucer to Tennyson With Twenty-Nine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Chaucer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of From Chaucer to Tennyson With Twenty-Nine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Norman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of From Chaucer to Tennyson With Twenty-Nine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
England
A word that appears in the opening chapter of From Chaucer to Tennyson With Twenty-Nine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.