used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
animatingadjectiveUS /ˌænəˈmeɪtɪŋɡ/
giving spirit and vivacity
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
antagonismnounUS /ænˈtæɡənɪzəm/
a state of deep-seated ill-will
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
one or some or every or all without specification
From this reading To explain: South Carolina claimed the right to overrule any law of the general government which did not please her, or which her courts might judge to be unconstitutional.
at the same time that; because; in the way that
From this reading This was known as nullification, and Mr. Calhoun was its sponsor.
used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses
From this reading To explain: South Carolina claimed the right to overrule any law of the general government which did not please her, or which her courts might judge to be unconstitutional.
earlier than; in front of
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
Calhoun
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading This was known as nullification, and Mr. Calhoun was its sponsor.
CarolinanounUS /ˌkerəˈlaɪnə/
the area of the states of North Carolina and South Carolina
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
claimedverbUS /kleɪmd/
past form of “claim” — assert or affirm strongly; state to be true or existing
From this reading To explain: South Carolina claimed the right to overrule any law of the general government which did not please her, or which her courts might judge to be unconstitutional.
coerceverbUS /koʊˈɜːrs/
to cause to do through pressure or necessity, by physical, moral or intellectual means
From this reading If she did not see fit to pay customs, she claimed that the government could not coerce her.
controversynounUS /ˈkɑːntrəvɜːrsi/
a contentious speech act; a dispute where there is strong disagreement
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests
From this reading If she did not see fit to pay customs, she claimed that the government could not coerce her.
courtsnounUS /kɔːrts/
plural of “court” — an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business
From this reading To explain: South Carolina claimed the right to overrule any law of the general government which did not please her, or which her courts might judge to be unconstitutional.
customsnounUS /ˈkʌstəmz/
money collected under a tariff
From this reading If she did not see fit to pay customs, she claimed that the government could not coerce her.
didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/
the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives
From this reading To explain: South Carolina claimed the right to overrule any law of the general government which did not please her, or which her courts might judge to be unconstitutional.
doctrinenounUS /ˈdɑːktrən/
a belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
make plain and comprehensible
From this reading To explain: South Carolina claimed the right to overrule any law of the general government which did not please her, or which her courts might judge to be unconstitutional.
more distant in especially space or time
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
be agreeable or acceptable to
From this reading If she did not see fit to pay customs, she claimed that the government could not coerce her.
applying to all or most members of a category or group
From this reading To explain: South Carolina claimed the right to overrule any law of the general government which did not please her, or which her courts might judge to be unconstitutional.
the act of departing
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit
From this reading To explain: South Carolina claimed the right to overrule any law of the general government which did not please her, or which her courts might judge to be unconstitutional.
HAYNE
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading THE REPLY TO HAYNE.
occupied or in the control of; often used in combination
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned
From this reading To explain: South Carolina claimed the right to overrule any law of the general government which did not please her, or which her courts might judge to be unconstitutional.
the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
on condition that; in the event that
From this reading If she did not see fit to pay customs, she claimed that the government could not coerce her.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned
From this reading This was known as nullification, and Mr. Calhoun was its sponsor.
determine the result of (a competition)
From this reading To explain: South Carolina claimed the right to overrule any law of the general government which did not please her, or which her courts might judge to be unconstitutional.
apprehended with certainty
From this reading This was known as nullification, and Mr. Calhoun was its sponsor.
the collection of rules imposed by authority
From this reading To explain: South Carolina claimed the right to overrule any law of the general government which did not please her, or which her courts might judge to be unconstitutional.
leadersnounUS /ˈliːdərz/
the body of people who lead a group
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
used to say something is possible but not certain
From this reading To explain: South Carolina claimed the right to overrule any law of the general government which did not please her, or which her courts might judge to be unconstitutional.
a form of address for a man
From this reading This was known as nullification, and Mr. Calhoun was its sponsor.
used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative
From this reading To explain: South Carolina claimed the right to overrule any law of the general government which did not please her, or which her courts might judge to be unconstitutional.
nullificationnounUS /ˌnʌləfəˈkeɪʃən/
the states'-rights doctrine that a state can refuse to recognize or to enforce a federal law passed by the United States Congress
From this reading This was known as nullification, and Mr. Calhoun was its sponsor.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
used to join alternatives or possibilities
From this reading To explain: South Carolina claimed the right to overrule any law of the general government which did not please her, or which her courts might judge to be unconstitutional.
overruleverbUS /ˈoʊvərruːl/
rule against
From this reading To explain: South Carolina claimed the right to overrule any law of the general government which did not please her, or which her courts might judge to be unconstitutional.
patrioticadjectiveUS /ˌpeɪtriˈɑːtɪk/
inspired by love for your country
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
give money, usually in exchange for goods or services
From this reading If she did not see fit to pay customs, she claimed that the government could not coerce her.
pestilentadjective
exceedingly harmful
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
give pleasure to or be pleasing to
From this reading To explain: South Carolina claimed the right to overrule any law of the general government which did not please her, or which her courts might judge to be unconstitutional.
a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation
From this reading THE REPLY TO HAYNE.
representativesnounUS /ˌreprəˈzentətɪvz/
plural of “representative” — a person who represents others
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
precisely, exactly
From this reading To explain: South Carolina claimed the right to overrule any law of the general government which did not please her, or which her courts might judge to be unconstitutional.
perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight
From this reading If she did not see fit to pay customs, she claimed that the government could not coerce her.
a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading If she did not see fit to pay customs, she claimed that the government could not coerce her.
the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
express in speech
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
sponsorverbUS /ˈspɑːnsər/
assume sponsorship of
From this reading This was known as nullification, and Mr. Calhoun was its sponsor.
used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt
From this reading If she did not see fit to pay customs, she claimed that the government could not coerce her.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading THE REPLY TO HAYNE.
subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned
From this reading This was known as nullification, and Mr. Calhoun was its sponsor.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading THE REPLY TO HAYNE.
unconstitutionaladjectiveUS /ˌʌnkɑːnstəˈtuːʃənəl/
not consistent with or according to a constitution; contrary to the U.S. Constitution
From this reading To explain: South Carolina claimed the right to overrule any law of the general government which did not please her, or which her courts might judge to be unconstitutional.
underlayverb
raise or support (the level of printing) by inserting a piece of paper or cardboard under the type
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete
From this reading Before going farther I must speak of a pestilent doctrine then held in South Carolina, which underlay the whole controversy, and was the animating cause of the antagonism of the Southern leaders to the patriotic representatives of the North.
