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From Immigrant to Inventor
From Immigrant to Inventor

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of From Immigrant to Inventor is here in full — 433 sentences across 87 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/86 · 5 lines
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Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:
“The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.
I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.
But there are many other American scientists whose opinions in this matter have more competence and weight than my opinion has.
Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

From Immigrant to Inventor

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of From Immigrant to Inventor is here in full — 433 sentences across 87 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/86 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:
Line 2
“The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.
/ðə meɪn ˈɑːbdʒekt ʌv maɪ ˈnærətɪv wɑːz ənd stɪl ɪz tuː dɪˈskraɪb ðə raɪz ʌv aɪˈdiːlɪzəm ɪn əˈmerəkən ˈsaɪəns ənd ˌpɑːrˈtɪkjələrli ɪn ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈsaɪənsəz ənd ðə rɪˈleɪtɪd ˈɪndəstriz/
Line 3
I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.
/aɪ wɑːz ə ˈwɪtnəs tuː ðɪs ˈɡrædʒuːəl dɪˈveləpmənt ˈevriθɪŋ ðæt aɪ hæv dɪˈskraɪbd soʊ fɑːr wɑːz æn əˈtempt tuː ˈkwɑːləfaɪ æz ə ˈwɪtnəs huːz ˈtestəmoʊni hæz ˈkɑːmpətɪns ənd weɪt/
Line 4
But there are many other American scientists whose opinions in this matter have more competence and weight than my opinion has.
/bʌt ðer ɑːr ˈmeni ˈʌðər əˈmerəkən ˈsaɪəntɪsts huːz əˈpɪnjənz ɪn ðɪs ˈmætər hæv mɔːr ˈkɑːmpətɪns ənd weɪt ðæn maɪ əˈpɪnjən hæz/
Line 5
Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

competence noun US /ˈkɑːmpətɪns/

the quality of being adequately or well qualified physically and intellectually

From this reading “I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.”

idealism noun US /aɪˈdiːlɪzəm/

(philosophy) the philosophical theory that ideas are the only reality

From this reading ““The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.”

immigrant noun US /ˈɪməɡrənt/

a person who comes to a country where they were not born in order to settle there

From this reading “Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?”

industries noun US /ˈɪndəstriz/

plural of “industry” — the people or companies engaged in a particular kind of commercial enterprise

From this reading ““The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.”

qualify verb US /ˈkwɑːləfaɪ/

prove capable or fit; meet requirements

From this reading “I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.”

sciences noun US /ˈsaɪənsəz/

plural of “science” — a particular branch of scientific knowledge

From this reading ““The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.”

scientists noun US /ˈsaɪəntɪsts/

plural of “scientist” — a person with advanced knowledge of one or more sciences

From this reading “But there are many other American scientists whose opinions in this matter have more competence and weight than my opinion has.”

Serbian noun US /ˈsɜːrbiən/

a member of a Slavic people who settled in Serbia and neighboring areas in the 6th and 7th centuries

From this reading “Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

physical sciences adjective + noun counted as “physical science”

the physical properties, phenomena, and laws of something

In this reading ““The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.”

main object adjective + noun

In this reading ““The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.”

throughout the year preposition + article + noun counted as “throughout … year”

In this reading “Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:”

at the beginning preposition + article + noun counted as “at … beginning”

In this reading “Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:”

in view preposition + noun

In this reading “Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:”

All words in this reading · 99

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading “The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading “The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading But there are many other American scientists whose opinions in this matter have more competence and weight than my opinion has.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

attemptnounUS /əˈtempt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But there are many other American scientists whose opinions in this matter have more competence and weight than my opinion has.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

careernounUS /kərˈɪr/

the particular occupation for which you are trained

From this reading Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?

ChapternounUS /ˈtʃæptər/

a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

competencenounUS /ˈkɑːmpətɪns/

the quality of being adequately or well qualified physically and intellectually

From this reading I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.

describeverbUS /dɪˈskraɪb/

give a description of

From this reading “The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.

describedadjectiveUS /dɪˈskraɪbd/

represented in words especially with sharpness and detail

From this reading I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.

developmentnounUS /dɪˈveləpmənt/

act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.

expressverbUS /ɪkˈspres/

give expression to

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.

gradualadjectiveUS /ˈɡrædʒuːəl/

proceeding in small stages

From this reading I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

idealismnounUS /aɪˈdiːlɪzəm/

(philosophy) the philosophical theory that ideas are the only reality

From this reading “The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.

immigrantnounUS /ˈɪməɡrənt/

a person who comes to a country where they were not born in order to settle there

From this reading Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

industriesnounUS /ˈɪndəstriz/

plural of “industry” — the people or companies engaged in a particular kind of commercial enterprise

From this reading “The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?

LookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

mainadjectiveUS /meɪn/

most important element

From this reading “The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading But there are many other American scientists whose opinions in this matter have more competence and weight than my opinion has.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading But there are many other American scientists whose opinions in this matter have more competence and weight than my opinion has.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading “The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.

narrativenounUS /ˈnærətɪv/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading “The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.

native-bornadjective

belonging to a place by birth

From this reading Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?

objectnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekt/

a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading “The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

opinionnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading But there are many other American scientists whose opinions in this matter have more competence and weight than my opinion has.

opinionsnounUS /əˈpɪnjənz/

plural of “opinion” — a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading But there are many other American scientists whose opinions in this matter have more competence and weight than my opinion has.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading But there are many other American scientists whose opinions in this matter have more competence and weight than my opinion has.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

particularlyadverbUS /ˌpɑːrˈtɪkjələrli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading “The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.

physicaladjectiveUS /ˈfɪzɪkəl/

involving the body as distinguished from the mind or spirit

From this reading “The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.

qualifyverbUS /ˈkwɑːləfaɪ/

prove capable or fit; meet requirements

From this reading I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.

relatedadjectiveUS /rɪˈleɪtɪd/

being connected either logically or causally or by shared characteristics

From this reading “The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.

repeatverbUS /rɪˈpiːt/

to say, state, or perform again

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

riseverbUS /raɪz/

move upward

From this reading “The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.

sciencenounUS /ˈsaɪəns/

a particular branch of scientific knowledge

From this reading “The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.

sciencesnounUS /ˈsaɪənsəz/

plural of “science” — a particular branch of scientific knowledge

From this reading “The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.

scientistnounUS /ˈsaɪəntɪst/

a person with advanced knowledge of one or more sciences

From this reading Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?

scientistsnounUS /ˈsaɪəntɪsts/

plural of “scientist” — a person with advanced knowledge of one or more sciences

From this reading But there are many other American scientists whose opinions in this matter have more competence and weight than my opinion has.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

SerbiannounUS /ˈsɜːrbiən/

a member of a Slavic people who settled in Serbia and neighboring areas in the 6th and 7th centuries

From this reading Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.

speakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading “The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?

testimonynounUS /ˈtestəmoʊni/

a solemn statement made under oath

From this reading I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading But there are many other American scientists whose opinions in this matter have more competence and weight than my opinion has.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

volumenounUS /ˈvɑːljuːm/

the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “The main object of my narrative was, and still is, to describe the rise of idealism in American science, and particularly in physical sciences and the related industries.

weightnounUS /weɪt/

the vertical force exerted by a mass as a result of gravity

From this reading I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.

WhynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading Why, then, should a scientist who started his career as a Serbian immigrant speak of the idealism in American science when there are so many native-born American scientists who know more about this subject than I do?

witnessnounUS /ˈwɪtnəs/

someone who sees an event and reports what happened

From this reading I was a witness to this gradual development; everything that I have described so far was an attempt to qualify as a witness whose testimony has competence and weight.

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

wroteverbUS /roʊt/

inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

XInounUS /ʃiː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of ten and one

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading Looking back over the development of this volume throughout the year or more during which I have been writing it, it seems to me that I cannot better express the end I have had in view than to repeat here what I wrote at the beginning of Chapter XI:

Chapter 1 of From Immigrant to Inventor by Michael Pupin holds 433 sentences, grouped into 87 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of From Immigrant to Inventor contain?

Chapter 1 holds 433 sentences of From Immigrant to Inventor, unabridged, divided into 87 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of From Immigrant to Inventor by Michael Pupin exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 433 sentences, grouped into 87 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of From Immigrant to Inventor?

Work through the 87 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 87 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Common questions about reading From Immigrant to Inventor by Michael Pupin on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of From Immigrant to Inventor?

Yes. All 4759 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #66886 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #66886, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does From Immigrant to Inventor take to read?

About 396 minutes of reading across 952 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in From Immigrant to Inventor

Words and structures a reader meets early in From Immigrant to Inventor, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Looking
A word that appears in the opening chapter of From Immigrant to Inventor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Development
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Volume
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Throughout
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