Chapter XI · Democracy and the Fine Arts

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

later than; following

From this reading The taste of a whole community is the dead level of mediocrity, and a proof of the scant attention paid to art in America is the place given it in the newspapers—before the fashions and after the dog fights.

make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

studies intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills (rather than occupational or professional skills)

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading The taste of a whole community is the dead level of mediocrity, and a proof of the scant attention paid to art in America is the place given it in the newspapers—before the fashions and after the dog fights.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Autocracy’s motto—”_væ victis_,” or to the devil with the hindmost—is the proper one for the fine arts.

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The taste of a whole community is the dead level of mediocrity, and a proof of the scant attention paid to art in America is the place given it in the newspapers—before the fashions and after the dog fights.

accept as true; take to be true

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

plural of “catholic” — a member of a Catholic church

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

a joyful occasion for special festivities to mark some happy event

From this reading Last week a statue of General Grant was unveiled with much celebration.

transactions (sales and purchases) having the objective of supplying commodities (goods and services)

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

a group of people living in a particular local area

From this reading The taste of a whole community is the dead level of mediocrity, and a proof of the scant attention paid to art in America is the place given it in the newspapers—before the fashions and after the dog fights.

unvarying in nature

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

a reproduction of a written record (e.g. of a legal or school record)

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

plural of “creature” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading The taste of a whole community is the dead level of mediocrity, and a proof of the scant attention paid to art in America is the place given it in the newspapers—before the fashions and after the dog fights.

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

(Judeo-Christian and Islamic religions) chief spirit of evil and adversary of God; tempter of mankind; master of Hell

From this reading Autocracy’s motto—”_væ victis_,” or to the devil with the hindmost—is the proper one for the fine arts.

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds

From this reading The taste of a whole community is the dead level of mediocrity, and a proof of the scant attention paid to art in America is the place given it in the newspapers—before the fashions and after the dog fights.

plural of “drawback” — the quality of being a hindrance

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

lying toward or situated in the east

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

divisible by two

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

plural of “fashion” — how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The taste of a whole community is the dead level of mediocrity, and a proof of the scant attention paid to art in America is the place given it in the newspapers—before the fashions and after the dog fights.

plural of “fight” — a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading The taste of a whole community is the dead level of mediocrity, and a proof of the scant attention paid to art in America is the place given it in the newspapers—before the fashions and after the dog fights.

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Autocracy’s motto—”_væ victis_,” or to the devil with the hindmost—is the proper one for the fine arts.

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading Last week a statue of General Grant was unveiled with much celebration.

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading The taste of a whole community is the dead level of mediocrity, and a proof of the scant attention paid to art in America is the place given it in the newspapers—before the fashions and after the dog fights.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

let have

From this reading Last week a statue of General Grant was unveiled with much celebration.

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

located farthest to the rear

From this reading Autocracy’s motto—”_væ victis_,” or to the devil with the hindmost—is the proper one for the fine arts.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The taste of a whole community is the dead level of mediocrity, and a proof of the scant attention paid to art in America is the place given it in the newspapers—before the fashions and after the dog fights.

the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

immediately past

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading The taste of a whole community is the dead level of mediocrity, and a proof of the scant attention paid to art in America is the place given it in the newspapers—before the fashions and after the dog fights.

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

engage in

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

superlative of “mean” — approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

ordinariness as a consequence of being average and not outstanding

From this reading The taste of a whole community is the dead level of mediocrity, and a proof of the scant attention paid to art in America is the place given it in the newspapers—before the fashions and after the dog fights.

the monotheistic religious system of Muslims founded in Arabia in the 7th century and based on the teachings of Muhammad as laid down in the Koran

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

a favorite saying of a sect or political group

From this reading Autocracy’s motto—”_væ victis_,” or to the devil with the hindmost—is the proper one for the fine arts.

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Last week a statue of General Grant was unveiled with much celebration.

plural of “newspaper” — a daily or weekly publication on folded sheets; contains news and articles and advertisements

From this reading The taste of a whole community is the dead level of mediocrity, and a proof of the scant attention paid to art in America is the place given it in the newspapers—before the fashions and after the dog fights.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Autocracy’s motto—”_væ victis_,” or to the devil with the hindmost—is the proper one for the fine arts.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Autocracy’s motto—”_væ victis_,” or to the devil with the hindmost—is the proper one for the fine arts.

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading The taste of a whole community is the dead level of mediocrity, and a proof of the scant attention paid to art in America is the place given it in the newspapers—before the fashions and after the dog fights.

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The taste of a whole community is the dead level of mediocrity, and a proof of the scant attention paid to art in America is the place given it in the newspapers—before the fashions and after the dog fights.

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something

From this reading The taste of a whole community is the dead level of mediocrity, and a proof of the scant attention paid to art in America is the place given it in the newspapers—before the fashions and after the dog fights.

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading Autocracy’s motto—”_væ victis_,” or to the devil with the hindmost—is the proper one for the fine arts.

an adherent of Protestantism

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

plural of “representation” — a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

precisely, exactly

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

relating to or characteristic of people of Rome

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

less than the correct or legal or full amount often deliberately so

From this reading The taste of a whole community is the dead level of mediocrity, and a proof of the scant attention paid to art in America is the place given it in the newspapers—before the fashions and after the dog fights.

a sculpture representing a human or animal

From this reading Last week a statue of General Grant was unveiled with much celebration.

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

To perceive flavor through the mouth.

From this reading The taste of a whole community is the dead level of mediocrity, and a proof of the scant attention paid to art in America is the place given it in the newspapers—before the fashions and after the dog fights.

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Money, commerce and the Protestant faith have been drawbacks to the progress of the fine arts in America—the last do not believe in beauty, as do the Roman Catholics.

revealed; especially by having a veil removed

From this reading Last week a statue of General Grant was unveiled with much celebration.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Autocracy’s motto—”_væ victis_,” or to the devil with the hindmost—is the proper one for the fine arts.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Autocracy’s motto—”_væ victis_,” or to the devil with the hindmost—is the proper one for the fine arts.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Last week a statue of General Grant was unveiled with much celebration.

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading Last week a statue of General Grant was unveiled with much celebration.

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading The taste of a whole community is the dead level of mediocrity, and a proof of the scant attention paid to art in America is the place given it in the newspapers—before the fashions and after the dog fights.

belonging to which person

From this reading Better than Mohammedanism, though, whose Koran does not allow the right of man to copy even the meanest of God-made creatures, the Eastern art is a constant struggle between religion and the desire to make representations of living things.

in the company of; together with

From this reading Autocracy’s motto—”_væ victis_,” or to the devil with the hindmost—is the proper one for the fine arts.