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Furze the Cruel
Furze the Cruel

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Furze the Cruel is here in full — 285 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/57 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
ABOUT THE VIGIL OF ST.
GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.
When unfurled it covered about as much ground as a military tent, and cast a shade like an oak-tree.
Not that Mary often unfurled it.
The umbrella was far too precious to be used.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Furze the Cruel

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Furze the Cruel is here in full — 285 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/57 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ABOUT THE VIGIL OF ST.
Line 2
GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.
/ɡuːs ˈmeriz ˈɡreɪtəst pəˈzeʃən wɑːz hɜːr əmˈbrelə wɪtʃ wɑːz noʊ ˈɔːrdəneri ˈɑːrtəkəl ənd wʊd hæv bɪn ʌv ˈlɪtəl ˈsɜːrvəs tuː ðə ˈɔːrθədɑːks ˈwʊmən bɪˈkɔːz ʃiː wʊd hæv lækt streŋkθ tuː reɪz ɪt əˈlɔːft ɪn ə briːz/
Line 3
When unfurled it covered about as much ground as a military tent, and cast a shade like an oak-tree.
Line 4
Not that Mary often unfurled it.
/nɑːt ðæt ˈmeri ˈɔːfən ənˈfɜːrld ɪt/
Line 5
The umbrella was far too precious to be used.
/ðə əmˈbrelə wɑːz fɑːr tuː ˈpreʃəs tuː biː juːzd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aloft adverb US /əˈlɔːft/

at or on or to the masthead or upper rigging of a ship

From this reading “GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.”

goose noun US /ɡuːs/

web-footed long-necked typically gregarious migratory aquatic birds usually larger and less aquatic than ducks

From this reading “GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.”

lacked verb US /lækt/

past form of “lack” — be without

From this reading “GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.”

Mary's noun US /ˈmeriz/

possessive form of “mary” — the mother of Jesus; Christians refer to her as the Virgin Mary; she is especially honored by Roman Catholics

From this reading “GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.”

orthodox adjective US /ˈɔːrθədɑːks/

of or pertaining to or characteristic of Judaism

From this reading “GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.”

umbrella noun US /əmˈbrelə/

a lightweight handheld collapsible canopy

From this reading “GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.”

unfurled verb US /ənˈfɜːrld/

past form of “unfurl” — unroll, unfold, or spread out or be unrolled, unfolded, or spread out from a furled state

From this reading “When unfurled it covered about as much ground as a military tent, and cast a shade like an oak-tree.”

vigil noun US /ˈvɪdʒəl/

a period of sleeplessness

From this reading “ABOUT THE VIGIL OF ST.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

too precious adverb + adjective

In this reading “The umbrella was far too precious to be used.”

All words in this reading · 57

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

ABOUTprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading ABOUT THE VIGIL OF ST.

aloftadverbUS /əˈlɔːft/

at or on or to the masthead or upper rigging of a ship

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading When unfurled it covered about as much ground as a military tent, and cast a shade like an oak-tree.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

articlenounUS /ˈɑːrtəkəl/

nonfictional prose forming an independent part of a publication

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading When unfurled it covered about as much ground as a military tent, and cast a shade like an oak-tree.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The umbrella was far too precious to be used.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

breezenounUS /briːz/

a slight wind (usually refreshing)

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

castverbUS /kæst/

put or send forth

From this reading When unfurled it covered about as much ground as a military tent, and cast a shade like an oak-tree.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading When unfurled it covered about as much ground as a military tent, and cast a shade like an oak-tree.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading The umbrella was far too precious to be used.

GOOSEnounUS /ɡuːs/

web-footed long-necked typically gregarious migratory aquatic birds usually larger and less aquatic than ducks

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

greatestadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading When unfurled it covered about as much ground as a military tent, and cast a shade like an oak-tree.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

lackedverbUS /lækt/

past form of “lack” — be without

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading When unfurled it covered about as much ground as a military tent, and cast a shade like an oak-tree.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

MarynounUS /ˈmeri/

the mother of Jesus; Christians refer to her as the Virgin Mary; she is especially honored by Roman Catholics

From this reading Not that Mary often unfurled it.

Mary'snounUS /ˈmeriz/

possessive form of “mary” — the mother of Jesus; Christians refer to her as the Virgin Mary; she is especially honored by Roman Catholics

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

militaryadjectiveUS /ˈmɪləteri/

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading When unfurled it covered about as much ground as a military tent, and cast a shade like an oak-tree.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading When unfurled it covered about as much ground as a military tent, and cast a shade like an oak-tree.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Not that Mary often unfurled it.

oak-tree

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When unfurled it covered about as much ground as a military tent, and cast a shade like an oak-tree.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading ABOUT THE VIGIL OF ST.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading Not that Mary often unfurled it.

ordinarynounUS /ˈɔːrdəneri/

a judge of a probate court

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

orthodoxadjectiveUS /ˈɔːrθədɑːks/

of or pertaining to or characteristic of Judaism

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

possessionnounUS /pəˈzeʃən/

the act of having and controlling property

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

preciousadjectiveUS /ˈpreʃəs/

characterized by feeling or showing fond affection for

From this reading The umbrella was far too precious to be used.

raiseverbUS /reɪz/

raise the level or amount of something

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

shadenounUS /ʃeɪd/

relative darkness caused by light rays being intercepted by an opaque body

From this reading When unfurled it covered about as much ground as a military tent, and cast a shade like an oak-tree.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

ST

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ABOUT THE VIGIL OF ST.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

tentnounUS /tent/

a portable shelter (usually of canvas stretched over supporting poles and fastened to the ground with ropes and pegs)

From this reading When unfurled it covered about as much ground as a military tent, and cast a shade like an oak-tree.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Not that Mary often unfurled it.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ABOUT THE VIGIL OF ST.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading The umbrella was far too precious to be used.

umbrellanounUS /əmˈbrelə/

a lightweight handheld collapsible canopy

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

unfurledverbUS /ənˈfɜːrld/

past form of “unfurl” — unroll, unfold, or spread out or be unrolled, unfolded, or spread out from a furled state

From this reading When unfurled it covered about as much ground as a military tent, and cast a shade like an oak-tree.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading The umbrella was far too precious to be used.

VIGILnounUS /ˈvɪdʒəl/

a period of sleeplessness

From this reading ABOUT THE VIGIL OF ST.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When unfurled it covered about as much ground as a military tent, and cast a shade like an oak-tree.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading GOOSE Mary's greatest possession was her umbrella, which was no ordinary article, and would have been of little service to the orthodox woman, because she would have lacked strength to raise it aloft in a breeze.

Chapter 11 of Furze the Cruel by John Trevena holds 285 sentences, grouped into 57 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Furze the Cruel contain?

Chapter 11 holds 285 sentences of Furze the Cruel, unabridged, divided into 57 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Furze the Cruel by John Trevena exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 285 sentences, grouped into 57 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Furze the Cruel?

Work through the 57 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 57 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Furze the Cruel

Common questions about reading Furze the Cruel by John Trevena on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Furze the Cruel?

Yes. All 8696 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #34543 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Furze the Cruel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #34543, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Furze the Cruel take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1740 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Furze the Cruel section by section

How to work through Furze the Cruel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 28 chapters of Furze the Cruel to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Furze the Cruel

Words and structures a reader meets early in Furze the Cruel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Alston
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Furze the Cruel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rivers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Furze the Cruel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Brooke
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Furze the Cruel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Holborn
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Furze the Cruel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.