Chapter 1 of Garden Design and Architects' Gardens is here in full — 393 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
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Chapter I
Chapter 1 of Garden Design and Architects' Gardens is here in full — 393 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
HARDY FLOWERS. Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition. THE WILD GARDEN; or, Our Graves and Gardens made beautiful by the Naturalisation of Hardy Exotic Plants. Illustrated by ALFRED PARSONS. Second Edition.
Chapter 1 of Garden Design and Architects' Gardens is here in full — 393 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
Reading 1/78 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5
These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.
Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.
comparative of “cheap” — relatively low in price or charging low prices
From this reading “Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.”
a particular society at a particular time and place
From this reading “Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.”
being or from or characteristic of another place or part of the world
From this reading “THE WILD GARDEN; or, Our Graves and Gardens made beautiful by the Naturalisation of Hardy Exotic Plants.”
English writer known for his interest in mythology and in the classics (1895-1985)
From this reading “THE WILD GARDEN; or, Our Graves and Gardens made beautiful by the Naturalisation of Hardy Exotic Plants.”
having rugged physical strength; inured to fatigue or hardships
From this reading “HARDY FLOWERS.”
any plant grown for its beauty or ornamental value
From this reading “Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.”
United States sociologist (1902-1979)
From this reading “Illustrated by ALFRED PARSONS.”
spatially or metaphorically from a lower to a higher position
From this reading “Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.”
English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.
Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.
In this reading “Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.”
In this reading “Second Edition.”
In this reading “Illustrated by ALFRED PARSONS.”
Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.
Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.
king of Wessex; defeated the Vikings and encouraged writing in English (849-899)
From this reading Illustrated by ALFRED PARSONS.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.
the thing arranged or agreed to
From this reading Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.
delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration
From this reading THE WILD GARDEN; or, Our Graves and Gardens made beautiful by the Naturalisation of Hardy Exotic Plants.
showing who or what does the action
From this reading THE WILD GARDEN; or, Our Graves and Gardens made beautiful by the Naturalisation of Hardy Exotic Plants.
comparative of “cheap” — relatively low in price or charging low prices
From this reading Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.
a particular society at a particular time and place
From this reading Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.
a statement that represents something in words
From this reading Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.
plural of “direction” — a line leading to a place or point
From this reading Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.
the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published
From this reading Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.
being or from or characteristic of another place or part of the world
From this reading THE WILD GARDEN; or, Our Graves and Gardens made beautiful by the Naturalisation of Hardy Exotic Plants.
plural of “flower” — a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms
From this reading HARDY FLOWERS.
intended to be given to, or used by, somebody
From this reading Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.
following the third position; number four in a countable series
From this reading Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.
a plot of ground where plants are cultivated
From this reading THE WILD GARDEN; or, Our Graves and Gardens made beautiful by the Naturalisation of Hardy Exotic Plants.
plural of “garden” — a plot of ground where plants are cultivated
From this reading THE WILD GARDEN; or, Our Graves and Gardens made beautiful by the Naturalisation of Hardy Exotic Plants.
English writer known for his interest in mythology and in the classics (1895-1985)
From this reading THE WILD GARDEN; or, Our Graves and Gardens made beautiful by the Naturalisation of Hardy Exotic Plants.
having rugged physical strength; inured to fatigue or hardships
From this reading HARDY FLOWERS.
past form of “illustrate” — clarify by giving an example of
From this reading Illustrated by ALFRED PARSONS.
produced by a manufacturing process
From this reading THE WILD GARDEN; or, Our Graves and Gardens made beautiful by the Naturalisation of Hardy Exotic Plants.
used to form the superlative
From this reading Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.
the quality of being brought into conformity with nature
From this reading THE WILD GARDEN; or, Our Graves and Gardens made beautiful by the Naturalisation of Hardy Exotic Plants.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.
used to join alternatives or possibilities
From this reading THE WILD GARDEN; or, Our Graves and Gardens made beautiful by the Naturalisation of Hardy Exotic Plants.
any plant grown for its beauty or ornamental value
From this reading Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.
belonging to the speaker and others
From this reading THE WILD GARDEN; or, Our Graves and Gardens made beautiful by the Naturalisation of Hardy Exotic Plants.
United States sociologist (1902-1979)
From this reading Illustrated by ALFRED PARSONS.
plural of “plant” — buildings for carrying on industrial labor
From this reading THE WILD GARDEN; or, Our Graves and Gardens made beautiful by the Naturalisation of Hardy Exotic Plants.
1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites
From this reading Second Edition.
(biology) taxonomic group whose members can interbreed
From this reading Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.
belonging to the people or things already mentioned
From this reading Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.
spatially or metaphorically from a lower to a higher position
From this reading Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.
marked by extreme lack of restraint or control
From this reading THE WILD GARDEN; or, Our Graves and Gardens made beautiful by the Naturalisation of Hardy Exotic Plants.
in the company of; together with
From this reading Description of upwards of 1300 of the most ornamental species, with Directions for their Arrangement, Culture, etc. Fourth and Cheaper Edition.
Chapter 1 of Garden Design and Architects' Gardens by W. (William) Robinson holds 393 sentences, grouped into 79 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.
Chapter 1 holds 393 sentences of Garden Design and Architects' Gardens, unabridged, divided into 79 reading sections.
This page carries chapter 1 of Garden Design and Architects' Gardens by W. (William) Robinson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 393 sentences, grouped into 79 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.
Work through the 79 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.
Each of the 79 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.
Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.
Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.
Common questions about reading Garden Design and Architects' Gardens by W. (William) Robinson on this page, its source edition and its audio.
Yes. All 393 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37607 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.
Project Gutenberg eBook #37607, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.
About 32 minutes of reading across 79 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.
How to work through Garden Design and Architects' Gardens section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.
Choose one of the 1 chapters of Garden Design and Architects' Gardens to begin.
Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.
Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.
Words and structures a reader meets early in Garden Design and Architects' Gardens, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.
