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Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1
Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1 is here in full — 37 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1
Context Illustration Reading 1/7 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
How Gargantua spent his time in rainy weather.
If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.
But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.
Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.
In playing they examined the passages of ancient authors wherein the said play is mentioned or any metaphor drawn from it.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1 is here in full — 37 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/7 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
How Gargantua spent his time in rainy weather.
Line 2
If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.
Line 3
But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.
Line 4
Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.
Line 5
In playing they examined the passages of ancient authors wherein the said play is mentioned or any metaphor drawn from it.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bottling verb US /ˈbɑːtəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “bottle” — store (liquids or gases) in bottles

From this reading “But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.”

carving noun US /ˈkɑːrvɪŋ/

a sculpture created by removing material (as wood or ivory or stone) in order to create a desired shape

From this reading “Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.”

healthful adjective US /ˈhelθfəl/

conducive to good health of body or mind

From this reading “But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.”

metaphor noun US /ˈmetəfɔːr/

a figure of speech in which an expression is used to refer to something that it does not literally denote in order to suggest a similarity

From this reading “In playing they examined the passages of ancient authors wherein the said play is mentioned or any metaphor drawn from it.”

recreate verb US /ˈrekrieɪt/

give new life or energy to

From this reading “But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.”

sawing verb US /ˈsɔːɪŋ/

-ing form of “saw” — cut with a saw

From this reading “But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.”

sheaves noun US /ʃiːvz/

plural of “sheaf” — a package of several things tied together for carrying or storing

From this reading “But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.”

specified adjective US /ˈspesəfaɪd/

clearly and explicitly stated

From this reading “If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.”

All words in this reading · 105

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

abideverbUS /əˈbaɪd/

dwell

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading In playing they examined the passages of ancient authors wherein the said play is mentioned or any metaphor drawn from it.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

antiqueadjectiveUS /ænˈtiːk/

made in or typical of earlier times and valued for its age

From this reading Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading In playing they examined the passages of ancient authors wherein the said play is mentioned or any metaphor drawn from it.

anythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

apotherapy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

authorsnounUS /ˈɔːθərz/

plural of “author” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading In playing they examined the passages of ancient authors wherein the said play is mentioned or any metaphor drawn from it.

barnnounUS /bɑːrn/

an outlying farm building for storing grain or animal feed and housing farm animals

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

bottlingverbUS /ˈbɑːtəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “bottle” — store (liquids or gases) in bottles

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

carvingnounUS /ˈkɑːrvɪŋ/

a sculpture created by removing material (as wood or ivory or stone) in order to create a desired shape

From this reading Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

cleaving

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

cloudyadjectiveUS /ˈklaʊdi/

lacking definite form or limits

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

cornnounUS /kɔːrn/

tall annual cereal grass bearing kernels on large ears: widely cultivated in America in many varieties; the principal cereal in Mexico and Central and South America since pre-Columbian times

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

correctverbUS /kərˈekt/

make right or correct

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

customnounUS /ˈkʌstəm/

accepted or habitual practice

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

differencenounUS /ˈdɪfərəns/

the quality of being unlike or dissimilar

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

dinnernounUS /ˈdɪnər/

the main meal of the day served in the evening or at midday

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

distempers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading In playing they examined the passages of ancient authors wherein the said play is mentioned or any metaphor drawn from it.

employedadjectiveUS /emˈplɔɪd/

having your services engaged for; or having a job especially one that pays wages or a salary

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

examinedverbUS /ɪɡˈzæmənd/

past form of “examine” — consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

From this reading In playing they examined the passages of ancient authors wherein the said play is mentioned or any metaphor drawn from it.

exercisenounUS /ˈeksərsaɪz/

the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

exercitations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

forenoonnoun

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

fouladjectiveUS /faʊl/

highly offensive; arousing aversion or disgust

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading In playing they examined the passages of ancient authors wherein the said play is mentioned or any metaphor drawn from it.

Gargantuanoun

a voracious giant in Francois Rabelais' book of the same name

From this reading How Gargantua spent his time in rainy weather.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

happenedverbUS /ˈhæpənd/

past form of “happen” — come to pass

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

hathauxiliary verbUS /hæθ/

an old form of “has”

From this reading Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.

haynounUS /heɪ/

grass mowed and cured for use as fodder

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

healthfuladjectiveUS /ˈhelθfəl/

conducive to good health of body or mind

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading How Gargantua spent his time in rainy weather.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How Gargantua spent his time in rainy weather.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading How Gargantua spent his time in rainy weather.

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

Lascaris

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.

Leonicus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.

lightedadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪtəd/

set afire or burning

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

mentionedverbUS /ˈmenʃənd/

past form of “mention” — make reference to

From this reading In playing they examined the passages of ancient authors wherein the said play is mentioned or any metaphor drawn from it.

metaphornounUS /ˈmetəfɔːr/

a figure of speech in which an expression is used to refer to something that it does not literally denote in order to suggest a similarity

From this reading In playing they examined the passages of ancient authors wherein the said play is mentioned or any metaphor drawn from it.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.

paintingnounUS /ˈpeɪntɪŋ/

graphic art consisting of an artistic composition made by applying paints to a surface

From this reading Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.

passagesnounUS /ˈpæsədʒəz/

plural of “passage” — the act of passing from one state or place to the next

From this reading In playing they examined the passages of ancient authors wherein the said play is mentioned or any metaphor drawn from it.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.

playeth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.

playingnounUS /ˈpleɪɪŋ/

the act of playing a musical instrument

From this reading In playing they examined the passages of ancient authors wherein the said play is mentioned or any metaphor drawn from it.

rainyadjectiveUS /ˈreɪni/

(of weather) wet by periods of rain

From this reading How Gargantua spent his time in rainy weather.

recreateverbUS /ˈrekrieɪt/

give new life or energy to

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading In playing they examined the passages of ancient authors wherein the said play is mentioned or any metaphor drawn from it.

sawingverbUS /ˈsɔːɪŋ/

-ing form of “saw” — cut with a saw

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

sheavesnounUS /ʃiːvz/

plural of “sheaf” — a package of several things tied together for carrying or storing

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

specifiedadjectiveUS /ˈspesəfaɪd/

clearly and explicitly stated

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

spentadjectiveUS /spent/

depleted of energy, force, or strength

From this reading How Gargantua spent his time in rainy weather.

studiedadjectiveUS /ˈstʌdid/

produced or marked by conscious design or premeditation

From this reading Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.

tablesnounUS /ˈteɪbəlz/

plural of “table” — a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

threshingnoun

the separation of grain or seeds from the husks and straw

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading How Gargantua spent his time in rainy weather.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

weathernounUS /ˈweðər/

the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation

From this reading How Gargantua spent his time in rainy weather.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

wherein

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In playing they examined the passages of ancient authors wherein the said play is mentioned or any metaphor drawn from it.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading If it happened that the weather were anything cloudy, foul, and rainy, all the forenoon was employed, as before specified, according to custom, with this difference only, that they had a good clear fire lighted to correct the distempers of the air.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

wontedadjective

commonly used or practiced; usual

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

woodnounUS /wʊd/

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading But after dinner, instead of their wonted exercitations, they did abide within, and, by way of apotherapy (that is, a making the body healthful by exercise), did recreate themselves in bottling up of hay, in cleaving and sawing of wood, and in threshing sheaves of corn at the barn.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading Then they studied the art of painting or carving; or brought into use the antique play of tables, as Leonicus hath written of it, and as our good friend Lascaris playeth at it.

Chapter 17 of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1 by François Rabelais holds 37 sentences, grouped into 8 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1 contain?

Chapter 17 holds 37 sentences of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1, unabridged, divided into 8 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1 by François Rabelais exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 37 sentences, grouped into 8 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1?

Work through the 8 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 8 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1

Common questions about reading Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1 by François Rabelais on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1?

Yes. All 1976 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8166 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8166, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1 take to read?

About 164 minutes of reading across 396 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1 section by section

How to work through Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Genealogy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Antiquity
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gargantua
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Refer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.