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Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5
Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5 is here in full — 51 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5
Context Illustration Reading 1/10 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
How we went down the tetradic steps, and of Panurge's fear.
We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.
There quoth Panurge, Is it here?
How many steps have you told? asked our magnificent lantern.
One, two, three, four, answered Pantagruel.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5 is here in full — 51 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
How we went down the tetradic steps, and of Panurge's fear.
Line 2
We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.
Line 3
There quoth Panurge, Is it here?
Line 4
How many steps have you told? asked our magnificent lantern.
Line 5
One, two, three, four, answered Pantagruel.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

afterwards adverb US /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading “We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.”

lantern noun US /ˈlæntərn/

light in a transparent protective case

From this reading “How many steps have you told? asked our magnificent lantern.”

magnificent adjective US /mæɡˈnɪfəsənt/

characterized by grandeur

From this reading “How many steps have you told? asked our magnificent lantern.”

marble noun US /ˈmɑːrbəl/

a hard crystalline metamorphic rock that takes a high polish; used for sculpture and as building material

From this reading “We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.”

resting verb US /ˈrestɪŋ/

-ing form of “rest” — not move; be in a resting position

From this reading “We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.”

steps noun US /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading “How we went down the tetradic steps, and of Panurge's fear.”

third noun US /θɜːrd/

one of three equal parts of a divisible whole

From this reading “We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.”

workmen noun US /ˈwɜːrkmɪn/

plural of “workman” — an employee who performs manual or industrial labor

From this reading “We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.”

All words in this reading · 61

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading How we went down the tetradic steps, and of Panurge's fear.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

answeredverbUS /ˈænsərd/

past form of “answer” — react verbally

From this reading One, two, three, four, answered Pantagruel.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading How many steps have you told? asked our magnificent lantern.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading How we went down the tetradic steps, and of Panurge's fear.

fearverbUS /fɪr/

be afraid or feel anxious or apprehensive about a possible or probable situation or event

From this reading How we went down the tetradic steps, and of Panurge's fear.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading How many steps have you told? asked our magnificent lantern.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading There quoth Panurge, Is it here?

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How we went down the tetradic steps, and of Panurge's fear.

Isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There quoth Panurge, Is it here?

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

landing-place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

lanternnounUS /ˈlæntərn/

light in a transparent protective case

From this reading How many steps have you told? asked our magnificent lantern.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

magnificentadjectiveUS /mæɡˈnɪfəsənt/

characterized by grandeur

From this reading How many steps have you told? asked our magnificent lantern.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading How many steps have you told? asked our magnificent lantern.

marblenounUS /ˈmɑːrbəl/

a hard crystalline metamorphic rock that takes a high polish; used for sculpture and as building material

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading How we went down the tetradic steps, and of Panurge's fear.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

Pantagruel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One, two, three, four, answered Pantagruel.

Panurge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There quoth Panurge, Is it here?

Panurge's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How we went down the tetradic steps, and of Panurge's fear.

quoth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There quoth Panurge, Is it here?

restingverbUS /ˈrestɪŋ/

-ing form of “rest” — not move; be in a resting position

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

resting-place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

stepnounUS /step/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading How we went down the tetradic steps, and of Panurge's fear.

tetradic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How we went down the tetradic steps, and of Panurge's fear.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading How we went down the tetradic steps, and of Panurge's fear.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

thirdnounUS /θɜːrd/

one of three equal parts of a divisible whole

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading How many steps have you told? asked our magnificent lantern.

turningnounUS /ˈtɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of changing or reversing the direction of the course

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading How we went down the tetradic steps, and of Panurge's fear.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading How we went down the tetradic steps, and of Panurge's fear.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

workmennounUS /ˈwɜːrkmɪn/

plural of “workman” — an employee who performs manual or industrial labor

From this reading We went down one marble step under ground, where there was a resting, or, as our workmen call it, a landing-place; then, turning to the left, we went down two other steps, where there was another resting-place; after that we came to three other steps, turning about, and met a third; and the like at four steps which we met afterwards.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading How many steps have you told? asked our magnificent lantern.

Chapter 31 of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5 by François Rabelais holds 51 sentences, grouped into 11 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5 contain?

Chapter 31 holds 51 sentences of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5, unabridged, divided into 11 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5 by François Rabelais exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 51 sentences, grouped into 11 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5?

Work through the 11 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 11 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5

Common questions about reading Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5 by François Rabelais on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Yes. All 2127 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8170 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8170, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5 take to read?

About 177 minutes of reading across 426 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5 section by section

How to work through Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5

Words and structures a reader meets early in Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Pantagruel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Arrived
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ringing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Island
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Gargantua and Pantagruel, Illustrated, Book 5; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.